...is its directive that "[a]ll valuable mineral deposits in lands belonging to the United States shall be free and open to exploration and purchase, and...in which they are found to occupation and purchase ..." [30 USC § 22] As applied, this clause creates a pre-emptive private property right for the discoverer...

...Mining Law of 1872 states that all valuable mineral deposits in lands belonging to the United States are free and open to exploration and purchase and the...which they are found, to occupation and purchase. In summary, the law allows these valuable minerals and the lands in which they are found to be acquired...

..."All valuable mineral deposits in land belonging to the United States, both surveyed and unsurveyed, are hereby declared to be free and open to exploration...occupation and purchase by citizens of the United States and those who have declared their intention to become such under regulations prescribed by law, and...

..."All valuable mineral deposits in lands belonging to the United States, both surveyed and unsurveyed, are hereby declared to be free and open to exploration and purchase." A company that decides it "needs" those deposits has only to file a claim on any public acreage it...

...and again with a law that simply declares that all valuable minerals belonging to the United States are hereby declared to be free and open to exploration and purchase. This is a law with an on/on switch when it comes to mineral development. On a variety of other issues...

...valuable mineral deposits in lands belonging to the United States, both surveyed and unsurveyed shall be free and open to exploration and purchase, and...in which they are found to occupation and purchase ... the United States and those who have declared their intention to become . . . under regulations...

...United States says that "all valuable mineral deposits in lands belonging to the United States ... are hereby declared to be free and open to exploration and purchase." US Code, title 20, sec. 22. 25 Commissioner Osso Stanley of the Court of Appeals in Hammonds v. Central...

...United States, states that "all valuable mineral deposits in lands belonging to the United States . . . are hereby declared to be free and open to exploration and purchase." 13 Commissioner Osso Stanley of the Court of Appeals, in Hammonds v. Central Kentucky Natural Gas Co....

...deposits in lands belonging to the United States (that is to say Federal lands onshore and offshore) shall be free and open to exploration and purchase, and...occupation and purchase, by citizens of the United States . . . proof of citizenship may consist in the case of a corporation organised under the laws of the...

...valuable mineral deposits in lands belonging to the United States, both surveyed and unsurveyed, are free and open to exploration and purchase, and the...occupation and purchase by citizens of the United States and those who have declared their intention to become such, under regulations prescribed by law, and...