Establishments and coverage.-The business establishments covered in the Census of Business are classified into 3 groups as follows: (1) Retail trade, places of business primarily engaged in selling merchandise for personal, household, or farm consumption; (2) Wholesale trade, establishments primarily engaged in selling goods to dealers and distributors for resale or to purchasers who buy for business uses; and (3) Selected services, establishments engaged primarily in the sale of services as contrasted with the sale of merchandise. Figures for establishments refer to those in business at the

end of the year.

The Census of Business excludes the activities of doctors, dentists, and others performing a professional or scientific service except that law firms, architects, and engineers were covered in the 1967 census (see table 257). Also excluded are educational institutions; religious or charitable institutions; hospitals and infirmaries; public utilities; and Government-operated enterprises, except wholesale and retail liquor operations.

Data from the 1958 census exclude retail and service nonemployer establishments which had receipts of less than $2,500 and $1,000, respectively. In the 1963 and 1967 censuses, nonemployer establishments which did not operate the entire year were included if, during the period they operated, their receipts were at a rate which would have reached the annual totals specified had they operated the entire year. Wholesale trade establishments with no paid employment are excluded.

Advertising. The statistics on advertising expenditures are compiled by private organizations. McCann-Erickson, Inc., which compiles certain of the data shown, defines national advertising as the advertising done for companies whose products are distributed nationally, and for which national media rates are paid; and local advertising as the advertising done for companies which market their products locally and which may pay special "local" media rates. Monthly figures are published regularly in Advertising Age and in the Survey of Current Business. Total corporate expenditures for advertising, by industry, appear in Statistics of Income.

Historical statistics.-Tabular headnotes provide cross-references, where applicable, to Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1957. See preface.

No. 1240. NATIONAL INCOME ORIGINATING IN DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE INDUSTRIES: 1950 To 1972

[In billions of dollars. Prior to 1960, excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Data represent net value added at factor costs. See Historical Statistics, Colonial Times to 1957, series T 1-11, for related data]

Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, The National Income and Product Accounts of the United States 1929-1965 and Survey of Current Business, July issues.

Distribution and Services

739

Source: Chart prepared by U.S. Bureau of the Census. Data from U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis.

FIG. L. RETAIL STORE SALES, BY KIND OF BUSINESS: 1972

No. 1241. DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICES-SUMMARY: 1948 TO 1967
[Prior to 1958 and as noted, excludes Alaska and Hawaii]

For definition of standard metropolitan statistical area (SMSA), see text, section 31.

4 1967 data for week including March 12.

Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, U.S. Census of Business: 1948, vols, I, IV, and VI; 1954, vols. I, III, and V; 1958, vols. I, III, and V; 1963, vols. I, IV, and VI; and 1967, vols. I, III, and V, Part 1.

No. 1242.

Distribution and Selected Services-Retail Stores

741

PERSONS IN DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE INDUSTRIES: 1950 TO 1972 [In thousands. Prior to 1960, excludes Alaska and Hawali. Data represent man-years of full-time equivalent employment by persons working for wages or salaries and by active proprietors of unincorporated businesses devoting the major portion of their time to the business. See also Historical Statistics, Colonial Times to 1957, series T 12-22]

Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, The National Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-1965, and Survey of Current Business, July issues.

No. 1243.

RETAIL TRADE SALES OF RETAIL STORES AND MULTIUNIT ORGANI-
ZATIONS: 1960 TO 1973

[In billions of dollars, except as indicated. Retail stores and multiunit organizations beginning 1964, reflect use of sample based on definitions and classifications according to the 1963 Census of Business. All retail stores data, 1960, adjusted for sample revision effective with October 1965 data. All retail stores data, 1961 through 1967, and multiunit organization data, 1964 through 1967, adjusted for sample revision effective with August 1968 data. Retail stores beginning 1968, and multiunit organizations beginning 1970, reflect use of a sample based on definitions and classifications according to the 1967 Census of Business, data adjusted for sample revision effective with August 1971 data. Quarterly data are not adjusted for seasonal variation or trading day differences]

NA Not available. Based on Bureau of the Census estimates of civilian resident population as of July 1 through 1972, and as of March 1 for 1973.

* Based on sales of organizations operating 11 or more retail stores in 1963 and 1967.

Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Monthly Retail Trade Report. Monthly data in U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business.

No. 1244. RETAIL TRADE-SALES, BY KIND OF BUSINESS: 1965 TO 1973

[In billions of dollars. Quarterly data are not adjusted for seasonal variation or trading day differences. See also Historical Statistics, Colonial Times to 1957, series T 24-48]

In addition, includes paint, plumbing, and electrical stores.

3 Includes sales made by mail-order catalog desks located within department stores of mail-order firms. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Monthly Retail Trade Report. Monthly data in U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, April 1973.

No. 1245.

RETAIL TRADE-SALES OF MULTIUNIT ORGANIZATIONS, BY KIND OF
BUSINESS: 1970 To 1973

[In millions of dollars. Data based on sales or organizations operating 11 or more retail stores in 1967. Quarterly data are not adjusted for seasonal variation or trading day differences. See also headnote, table 1243, and Historical Statistics, Colonial Times to 1957, series T 49-71]

Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Monthly Retail Trade Report, and unpublished data.