to receive special notice; a majority of the votes is necessary for an election. In like manner, at the same time, the Lodge proceeds in the choice of all the other officers. Care ought to be taken that none be put in nomination for favour or affection, birth or fortune, except the consideration of real merit, and ability to fill the office. The Master of every regular Lodge duly elected and installed, has it in especial charge, as appertaining to his office, duty and dignity, to see that the by-laws of his Lodge, as well as the general regulations of the Grand Lodge, be duly observed; that his Wardens discharge their duty, and be examples of diligence to the fraternity; that true and exact minutes of the proceedings be made and kept by the Secretary; that the Treasurer keep and render just accounts, at such times as the by-laws require it, and that all the property of the Lodge be taken proper care of, and no money expended unless by a legal vote of the Lodge.

It is the special duty of the master, that no advancement be given in any degree, unless the brother has duly qualified himself in his former studies, always having a due regard to reward true merit. The master of every particular Lodge has the right and authority of calling his Lodge, upon any emergency, which, in his judgment, may require their meeting; it is likewise his duty to attend the Grand Lodge at their communications or special meetings, whenever the welfare of the craft requires it, and when duly summoned by the Grand Secretary, and within reasonable distance of the place of holding the Grand Lodge. When in the Grand Lodge, the Master has full authority and power to represent his Lodge, and to transact all matters, as well and truly as if the whole body was present.

It is the Master's duty to see that all laws, enacted by the lodge and sanctioned by the Grand Lodge, be entered in a proper book, as also to have a correct list kept of all

the members of the lodge. Other duties equally important can only be acquired by a constant attendance at the meetings of the lodges.

SECTION IV.

OF THE WARDENS OF A LODGE.

None but Master Masons are eligible to the office of Wardens. The Senior Warden succeeds to all the duties of the Master, and fills the chair when he is absent. If the Master goes abroad on business, resigns, or is deposed, the Senior shall fill his place until the next stated election. Although formerly it was customary in the absence of the Master, his authority reverted to the last Pastmaster, it is now however uniformly settled, that the authority devolves on the Senior Warden, and in his absence upon the Junior Warden. Generally, out of respect, the Wardens will honour a Pastmaster to preside, in which case, however, he still holds his authority under the Wardens.

The business of the Wardens of the lodge is generally to assist the Master in conducting the business, and managing the craft in due form and order.

SECTION V.

OF THE SECRETARY OF A LODGE.

The Secretary is an elective officer and chosen by ballot. He shall keep a proper register or record of all transactions and proceedings of the meetings, which may be committed to writing and which shall be faithfully entered on the minutes, in open lodge, and after being read, amended, if necessary, and ought to be approved of before the close of every meeting, in order that nothing might be put down

that is not strictly correct, as well as to see that nothing has been omitted, in order that the same may be presented to the Grand Lodge whenever required. He shall keep exact lists of the christian and surnames of all the members of the lodge, as also their residences, with the date of their admission and advancements; and shall send to the Grand Secretary a copy of such lists whenever required, with all the expulsions, rejections, deaths and resignations, which have taken place since the last time reported, in order that the Grand Lodge may be at all times enabled to know the names of the members of each lodge under its jurisdiction; as also he is to furnish the Grand Secretary with the names of all the officers who are elected, so that he may pay due respect to the brethren recommended by them. In some lodges he receives all monies due, paying them over to the Treasurer, from whom he is to take a receipt for the same. All warrants drawn by the Master for the payment of any sum of money voted for by the lodge are attested with his signature.

SECTION VI.

OF THE TREASURER OF A LODGE.

The Treasurer is also an elective officer, chosen by ballot, having a majority of the votes. He is to receive all monies due to the lodge, keeping correct entries of the same, and on no occasion to pay out any monies from the Treasury without the sanction of the lodge, on warrants drawn by the Master, and countersigned by the Secretary. His receipts and expenditures are to be regularly entered, and the vouchers always prepared, ready for examination, at such times as the Master of the lodge may call for the same, or the bylaws require.

The Treasurer has likewise charge of all the furniture, jewels, and other property of the lodge, unless special

committees or trustees have been appointed for that purpose. The warrant or charter alone is in the proper custody of the Master.

SECTION VII.

OF THE DEACONS OF A LODGE.

The Deacons are appointed officers at the pleasure of the Master. They are to assist the Master and Wardens in the execution of their duty, prepare candidates, and perform such other services as are assigned to them.

SECTION VIII.

OF THE STEWARDS OR MASTERS OF CEREMONIES.

The Stewards are to provide refreshments, whenever required by a vote of the lodge, and make report of the expenses to the Treasurer. As the custom of having refreshments is nearly obsolete, the office of Stewards is abolished in most of the lodges, and superseded by the Masters of Ceremonies.

SECTION IX.

OF THE TYLER OF A LODGE.

In order that due decorum be observed while the lodge is engaged in what is serious and solemn, and for the preservation of order, a brother, who has at least the degree of a Master Mason, is appointed and paid for tyling the outer door.

His appointment he receives from the Master, although the emolument is either fixed by the by-laws or custom.

A brother is usually preferred to whom the fees of the office are an object. As his station always brings him in contact with visiters, many of whom must of course be strangers, it is recommended that the person so appointed should be of pleasing manners, and give every information (consistent with his duty) to the visiting brethen.

SECTION X.

OF THE NUMBER TO BE INITIATED.

No more than five new members can at any time be made, nor can any person be made or admitted in a lodge, without being proposed at least one lodge night previous to his introduction, unless in case of emergency, or by a dispensation obtained in due form from the Grand Master, or the proper authority. Due notice must be given to all the members for the necessary inquiries to be made into the candidate's character.

SECTION XI.

PRIVILEGES OF LODGES.

The majority of every lodge when duly met, have the privilege of instructing their representatives respecting any particular object or vote in the Grand Lodge. It is customary for lodges who are at a great distance from the place where the meetings of a Grand Lodge is held, to appoint a brother who is to be a Past-Master, as their proxy to the Grand Lodge, to vote in their behalf. He is to be furnished with a certificate of such an appointment, under the seal of the lodge, and the signature of the Master and Wardens which, if approved of by the Grand Lodge, he