TABLE II.—Aggregate population at each census [NOTE.-The narrow column under each census year shows the order of the as constituted at the date of that census. States and Territories when arranged according to magnitude of population.] a Including 6,100 persons on public ships in the service of the United States. TABLE IV.-Density of population. NOTE-The figures of this table have been obtained by dividing the population by the total land area of the state or territory. The discrepancies between these results and those published in the Statistical Atlas of 1874 are due to differences in the estimates of areas used. TABLE V.-The urban population of the United States, 1790 to 1880. The center of population, as defined in the Statistical Atlas of 1874, "is the point at which equilibrium would be reached were the country taken as a plane surface, itself without weight, but capable of sustaining weight, and loaded with its inhabitants, in number and position as they are found at the period under consideration, each individual being assumed to be of the same gravity as every other, and consequently to exert pressure on the pivotal point directly proportioned to his distance therefrom." In brief, then, it is the center of gravity of the population of the country. THE CENTER OF POPULATION IN 1880.. Latitude, 39° 04′ 08′′ The position of the Old Observatory, Mount Adams, Cincinnati, is: Latitude, 39° 06′ 26.5"; longitude, 84° 29′ 45". therefore, 2.6 miles south of this That is, it is 9.3 miles west by west by south from the heart of The center of population for 1880 is, observatory and 8.9 miles west of it. south from the observatory, or 8 miles the city of Cincinnati. This places it in Kentucky, one mile from the south bank of the Ohio river, and one and a half mile southeast of the village of Taylorsville. |