located respectively at Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa City, Kingson, Toronto, and Hamilton. The Imperial and Provincial Passengers' Acts provide as far as possible against frauds and impositions being practised on the immigrant. The Provincial Passengers' Act provides that immigrants may remain on board forty-eight hours after the vessel's arrival (except in cases when the vessel has a mail contract), and that they shall be landed free of expense, at proper hours; that no person, without a license, shall influence passengers in favor of any particular steamboat, railroad, or tavern; that tavern-keepers shall have posted, in some conspicuous place, a list of prices to be charged for board, lodging, &c.; and they will not be allowed to have any lien upon the effects of a passenger, for board and lodging, beyond five dollars. The total immigration from Great Britain, from 1815 to 1858, has been as follows: FREE GRANTS OF LANDS AND COLONIZATION ROADS. There are now seven million acres of crown lands surveyed and open for sale, at prices varying from thirty cents to one dollar per acre. Every purchaser must become an actual settler. This enormous area of surveyed public lands is distributed in the following manner: Lower Canada. Upper Canada.. 4,540,000 2,460,000 Or, exhibiting more particularly the localities of these public lands, there are in The Three Rivers district..: Acres. about 349,000 East of the Chaudière to Gaspé. Sauguenay district.... Eastern townships.. 1,030,000 Ottawa region north of the river.. 46 1,206,000 Between Ottawa River and Georgian Bay... 1,740,000 West of French River and Lake Nipissing... The capital required to enable an immigrant family to settle upon a free-grant lot, or enter upon the occupation of wild land, should be such as would be sufficient for the support of the family for eighteen months, until a return from the land can be obtained. The following is a careful estimate of the quantity and cost of provisions required for twelve months, for a man and his wife and three young children, and also a list of articles required by settlers going into the bush. The prices are attached at which they can be purchased at the villages near the settlements :* 8 barrels of flour, at £1 15s. per barrel..... £14 0 0 2 66 80 bushels of potatoes, at 28. per bushel... 30 lbs. of tea, at 2s. 6d. per lb.. 1 barrel of herring.. + " of salt... Cost of Provisions.... 7 10 0 8 0 0 3 15 200 £35 12 6 SEED. 20 bushels of potatoes, at 2s. per bushel..... £2 0 3 แ of wheat, at 7s. 6d. " 0 OTHER NECESSARIES. £0 8 9 The provincial government has recently opened seven great lines of road in Upper Canada and five in Lower Canada, and laid out for settlement the lands through which these roads pass. The roads in Upper Canada are styled: 1st. THE OTTAWA AND OPEONGO ROAD.-This road runs east and west, and will eventually be 171 miles in length, and connect the Ottawa River with Lake Huron; about 62 miles are now finished, and 235 settlers already located thereon. Resident agent, T. P. FRENCH, Clontarf, township of Sebastopol. 2d. ADDINGTON ROAD, running north and south, 61 miles long, and starting from the settlements in the county of Addington, until it intersects the Opeongo Road; the number of settlers on this road is 178. Resident agent, E. PERRY, Tamworth. 3d. THE HASTINGS ROAD, running nearly parallel to the Addington Road, 68 miles long, and connecting the county of Hastings with the Ottawa and Opeongo Road: there are 306 settlers on this road. Resident agent, M. P. HAYES, village of Madoc. 4th. THE BOBCAYGEON ROAD, running from Bobcaygeon, between the counties of Peterborough and Victoria, north, and intended to be continued to Lake Nipissing; 36 miles are already completed, and there are 168 settlers on the line; the number in the family of each settler, on the above roads, averages about four. Resident agent, R. HUGHES, Bobcaygeon, and G. G. BOSWELL, Bobcaygeon North. 5th. THE FRONTENAC AND MADAWASKA ROAD, of which 33 miles are completed. Resident agent, J. SPIKE, Harrowsmith. 6th. THE MUSKOKA ROAD, of which 21 miles are completed. This road runs from the head of the navigation of Lake Couchiching to the Grand Falls of Muskoka, where it will intersect the road called Peterson's Line, which will eventually meet the Ottawa and Opeongo Road, now gradually opening westwardly; and by it the intending settler, arriving at Toronto, can, in one day's journey from that city, reach the very centre of the country. Resident agent, R. J. OLIVER, Orillia. 7th. THE SAULT STE. MARIE ROAD, intended to run from Sault Ste. Marie to Goulais Bay, and of which 5 miles are already completed. The five roads in Lower Canada are: The ELGIN ROAD, in the county of L'Islet, about 35 miles long, from St. Jean, Port Joli, to the provincial line. Resident agent, S. DRAPEAU, St. Jean, Port Joli. THE MATANE AND CAPE CHAT. THE TACHE ROAD, from, Buckland, in the county of Bellechasse, to Metapedia Road, in Rimouski-about 200 miles. THE TEMISCOUATA ROAD, from River du Loup to Lake Temiscouata; and THE METAPEDIA ROAD, from Cabot to Restigouche. In order to facilitate the settlement of these parts of Canada, the government has authorized FREE GRANTS of land along these roads, not exceeding in each case 100 acres, and obtainable upon the following conditions: 1st. That the settler be eighteen years of age; 2d. That he take possession of the land allotted to him within one month; 3d. That he put into a state of cultivation twelve acres of land in the course of four years; 4th. That he build a log-house, twenty by fourteen feet, and reside on the lot until the foregoing conditions are fulfilled. Families may reside on a single lot, and the several members having land allotted to them, will be exempt from building and residence upon each individual lot. The non-fulfilment of these conditions will cause the immediate loss of the land, which will be sold or given to another. The lands thus opened up, and gratuitously offered by the government for settlement, are chiefly of excellent quality, and well adapted in respect to soil and climate, to all the purposes, of husbandry. 20 |
