age of each of these major industry groups, see general notes for Items 64-86, 87-100, 101-106, and 107-113. For explanatory text concerning employment data for each group, see text for Items 64-65 and 90-92. Text for Items 90-92 applies also to employment in wholesale trade and in selected services.

The 1963 figures used as a basis for computing the percent increase were obtained by summing the figures for Items 253, 268, 293, and 302; 1958 figures were obtained in similar fashion from the service reports for items corresponding to those for 1963.

MANUFACTURES, 1963

Items 251-259. Establishments, employees, value added, and capital expenditures.

Source: Same as Items 64-65.

For explanatory notes, see general note for Items 64–86 and text for Items 64-65, 66–68, 69, 70, and 73-76.

MANUFACTURES, 1958

Item 260. Establishments with 20 or more employees.

Source: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Census of Manufactures: 1958, Vol. III, Area Statistics.

For definition of establishments, see text for Items 73-76.

Data exclude central administrative offices and auxiliaries and, therefore, are not strictly comparable with those given for 1963 in Item 252.

Items 261-262. All employees and value added by manufacture.

Source: Same as Items 64-65.

For explanatory notes, see text for Items 64-65 and 69.

RETAIL TRADE, 1963

Items 263-270. Establishments, sales, employees, payroll, and active proprietors.

Source: Same as Items 87-88.

For explanatory notes, see general note for Items 87-100 and text for Items 87-88, 89, and 90-92. Items 271-288. Establishments and sales by kind of busi

ness.

Source: Same as Items 87-88.

For explanatory notes concerning establishments and sales, see text for Items 87-88, and 89.

The lumber, building materials, hardware, and farm equipment dealers group includes establishments primarily selling lumber; building materials; the basic lines of hardware, paint, wallpaper, glass, and electrical supplies; roofing materials; other supplies and equipment for home construction; and farm equipment. Establishments in this group sell to contractors as well as to the general public.

For explanatory notes for general merchandise stores, see text for Items 93-94; for food stores, Items 95-96; and for automotive dealers, Items 97-98.

Figures for gasoline service stations include establishments primarily selling gasoline and other automotive petroleum products and establishments called garages (provided they derived the larger part of their receipts from gasoline and oil sales).

Figures for apparel and accessory stores include establishments primarily engaged in selling clothing of all kinds and related articles for personal wear and adornment. Establishments which meet the criteria for department stores or general merchandise stores, even though most of their receipts are from the sale of apparel and apparel accessories, are excluded.

Figures for furniture, home furnishings, and equipment stores include establishments primarily selling merchandise used in furnishing the home, such as furniture, floor coverings, draperies, glass and chinaware, domestic stoves, refrigerators, and other household gas and electrical appliances, including radio and television sets. Also included are musical instrument stores and music and record shops.

Figures for eating and drinking places include establishments primarily selling prepared foods and drinks for consumption on their own premises. Examples of such places are restaurants, lunchrooms, cafeterias, refreshment stands, and drinking places (alcoholic beverages). Also included are caterers (who sell prepared foods for serving at a place designated by the customer), in-plant food contractors, and railroad dining-car facilities.

Figures for drugstores and proprietary stores include establishments which fill and sell prescriptions, and sell drugs, proprietary medicines, and other health and first-aid products. Usually these establishments sell a variety of other merchandise, such as cosmetics, toiletries, candy, tobacco products, magazines, toys, etc. Proprietary stores are establishments generally selling the same merchandise as drugstores, except that prescriptions are not filled and sold.

RETAIL TRADE, 1958

Items 289-290. Establishments and sales.

Source: Same as Items 87-88.

For explanatory notes, see general note for Items 87-100 and text for Items 87-88 and 89.

WHOLESALE TRADE, 1963

Items 291–296. Establishments, sales, employees, payroll, and merchant wholesalers.

Source: Same as Items 101-102.

For explanatory notes, see general note for Items 101-106 and text for Items 90-92, 101-102, and 103.

WHOLESALE TRADE, 1958

Item 297. Sales.

Source: Same as Items 101-102.

For explanatory notes, see text for Items 101-102.

SELECTED SERVICES, 1963

Items 298-303. Establishments, receipts, paid employees, and payroll.

Source: Same as Items 107-109.

For explanatory notes, see general note for Items 107-113 and text for Items 90-92 and 107-109.

Item 304. Active proprietors of unincorporated businesses. Source: Same as Items 107-109.

Active proprietors of unincorporated businesses comprise owners or partners who devoted the major portion of their time to the operation of the business. These data are computed by crediting sole proprietorships with one proprietor and partnerships with two proprietors if the establishment was in business during the week of November 15.

Items 305-314. Establishments and receipts, by kind of business.

Source: Same as Items 107-109.

Figures for hotels, motels, tourist courts, and camps include establishments engaged in providing lodging, or lodging and meals, to the general public except (a) rooming and boarding houses, (b) hotels providing accommodations only for permanent residents, and (c) tourist homes. Apartment or residential hotels which provide accommodations for transients are included. Also included are commercial establishments which provide camping and trailer space or camping facilities on a fee basis.

Figures for personal services include barber and beauty shops, cleaners and laundries, diaper services, funeral homes, shoe and garment repair shops, turkish baths, reducing salons, photographic studios, and other establishments primarily engaged in providing services generally involving the care of a person or his apparel.

Figures for automobile repair and services and for garages include establishments primarily furnishing general automobile repairs and establishments specializing in repairing or rebuilding certain parts of an automobile, such as the radiator, body, tires, glass (windows), brakes, etc. This group also includes parking lots and structures, and automobile and truck rental services. Similar facilities, owned and operated by concerns for their own use and not available to the general public, are treated as auxiliary establishments of those concerns and are not included here. Automobile repair departments maintained by establishments engaged in the sale of new automobiles are covered under retail trade.

Figures for motion pictures include establishments producing and distributing motion picture and still films and television tapes for theatrical, nontheatrical, and television exhibitors, and establishments engaged in services allied to the production and distribution of the films. Also included are theaters engaged in the exhibition of motion picture films.

Figures for amusement and recreational services include establishments primarily engaged in providing amusement,

recreation, or entertainment. Symphony orchestras, ballet and opera companies, and similar services organized on a nonprofit basis are included. Establishments operated to provide recreational facilities for their own members and exempt from payment of Federal income tax are excluded. Gambling businesses operated in the State of Nevada are included; those in other States are excluded.

SELECTED SERVICES, 1958

Items 315-316. Establishments, and receipts.
Source: Same as Items 107-109.

For explanatory notes, see general note for Items 107-113 and text for Items 107-109.

HOSPITALS, 1964

Items 317-319. Hospitals, beds, admissions.

Source: The American Hospital Association, Hospitals, Guide Issue, Part II, Chicago, Ill., 1964.

These data are a summarization of the figures published for individual hospitals accepted for listing in the source publication. Data are for the year ending September 30, 1964, or for the fiscal year ending closest to that date.

The data cover hospitals of all types, but coverage varies. It is fairly complete for general hospitals, tuberculosis hospitals, mental hospitals, and Federal Government hospitals. Excluded almost entirely are institutions and services commonly referred to as convalescent and resting homes, nursing homes, maternity hospitals, infirmaries, old-age homes, sanatoriums, etc.

The number of beds shown includes beds, cribs, and pediatric bassinets normally available for inpatients; it excludes bassinets for newborn infants.

Admissions comprise the number of patients accepted for inpatient service during the year, but do not include births.

CITY GOVERNMENT FINANCES, 1964-65
Items 320-325. General revenue.

Source: For cities of 50,000 and over, Bureau of the Census, City Government Finances in 1964-65; for cities of 25,000 to 50,000, records.

For explanatory notes relating to total and intergovernmental general revenue, total taxes, and property taxes, see text for Items 46-49.

Sales and gross receipts taxes are taxes (including licenses other than those at nominal rates) based on the volume or value of transfers of goods or services, or on gross receipts therefrom, and related taxes based on use, storage, production, importation, or consumption of goods.

Charges and miscellaneous general revenue includes current charges, special assessments, and all other general revenue except taxes and intergovernmental revenue.

Source: Same as Items 320-325.

Total general expenditure includes all city expenditures except those for utilities, liquor stores, and employee-retirement or other insurance trusts. The total excluding capital outlay covers all general expenditure except direct expenditure for contract or force account construction of buildings, roads, and other improvements; purchase of equipment, land, and existing structures; and additions, replacements, and major alterations to fixed works and structures.

For explanatory notes relating to expenditure for education, highways, public welfare, health and hospitals, and police protection, see text for Items 50-56.

Fire expenditure covers cost of city firefighting organizations and auxiliary services, inspection for fire hazards, and other fire prevention activities.

Sewerage expenditures include those for sewers and sewage disposal facilities and services, and payments to other local governments for such purposes.

Expenditures for sanitation other than sewerage cover street cleaning, and collection and disposal of garbage and

other waste.

Expenditures for parks and recreation include culturalscientific activities, such as museums and art galleries; organized recreation, including playgrounds and play fields, swimming pools and bathing beaches; municipal parks; and special facilities for recreation, such as auditoriums, stadiums, auto camps, recreation piers, and boat harbors.

Interest on general debt includes all expenditure for use of borrowed money.

Item 338. Debt outstanding.

Source: Same as Items 320-325.

Debt outstanding is defined as all debt obligations remaining unpaid at the close of the city's fiscal year.

CITY GOVERNMENT EMPLOYMENT, OCTOBER 1965

Items 339-340. Full-time employees and payroll.

Source: Bureau of the Census, City Employment in 1965.

Figures relate only to municipal corporations and their dependent agencies. They do not include other local governments overlying city areas, as, for example, separate school districts which administer the public schools within most municipal areas. They do, however, include public schools for those cities which administer the public school system.

Individual municipalities differ widely in the range of their responsibilities. Important functions such as airports; port or terminal facilities; correction, health, hospital and welfare services; and operation of public utilities may or may not be handled by the municipal government. These "variable" functions have an important effect on the employment figures reported for various cities.

Items 341-348. General note.

Many of the cities for which data are shown here, especially those which adjoin large metropolitan centers, do not have official weather stations. For most of these cities, observations from nearby stations having approximately the same climatic conditions have been substituted. (See Appendix C for the complete list of these cities and the substituted stations.) No temperature data are given for some cities as there were no nearby representative stations with a sufficient period of record to provide mean values. Items 341-344. Mean temperature for January and July, and record temperature.

Source: Weather Bureau, Decennial Census of United States Climate-Monthly Normals of Temperature, Precipitation, and Heating Degree Days (1931-1960), 1962; Climatological Data, monthly and annual; and Local Climatological Data, monthly and annual.

For most stations mean temperature is based on the period 1931-1960. The means are adjusted to represent observations taken at the present standard location.

Record temperature figures represent the highest and lowest temperatures ever recorded. While these figures are related to the length of record (which is not strictly uniform for all cities shown), they are considered adequate for usual comparisons. It should be borne in mind, however, that they indicate extreme conditions and that temperatures approaching these figures occur infrequently. See general note for Items 341-348.

Items 345-348. Mean annual precipitation, possible sunshine, wind velocity, and degree days.

Source: Same as for Items 341-344.

Mean annual precipitation figures are derived in the same manner as the mean temperature figures (see text for Items 341-344).

Mean annual percent figures of possible sunshine are for stations having automatic sunshine recorders for a considerable period of time and for which sunshine records have been summarized. These percents represent the relationship between the number of hours of sunshine as recorded by instrument and the number of hours between sunrise and sunset for each day during the year.

Mean annual hourly wind speed figures were taken from records at stations equipped with wind instruments. The means represent averages of the wind speed in miles per hour for the period of record.

Mean annual degree days, 65° base, is the mean of the annual sums of the differences between 65° and the daily mean temperatures below 65°. Temperatures of 65° or higher do not affect the degree day total. The data were compiled from the total number of degree days each month for the period 1931-1960. The degree day figure is based on the assumption that the amount of fuel or heat used per day to heat buildings to a temperature of approximately 70° is proportional to the number of degrees that the outside temperature falls below 65°.

See general note for Items 341-348.