Cannibals All! Or, Slaves Without Masters

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Harvard University Press, 1960 - 264 halaman

Cannibals All! got more attention in William Lloyd Garrison’s Liberator than any other book in the history of that abolitionist journal. And Lincoln is said to have been more angered by George Fitzhugh than by any other pro-slavery writer, yet he unconsciously paraphrased Cannibals All! in his House Divided speech.

Fitzhugh was provocative because of his stinging attack on free society, laissez-faire economy, and wage slavery, along with their philosophical underpinnings. He used socialist doctrine to defend slavery and drew upon the same evidence Marx used in his indictment of capitalism. Socialism, he held, was only “the new fashionable name for slavery,” though slavery was far more humane and responsible, “the best and most common form of socialism.”

His most effective testimony was furnished by the abolitionists themselves. He combed the diatribes of their friends, the reformers, transcendentalists, and utopians, against the social evils of the North. “Why all this,” he asked, “except that free society is a failure?”

The trouble all started, according to Fitzhugh, with John Locke, “a presumptuous charlatan,” and with the heresies of the Enlightenment. In the great Lockean consensus that makes up American thought from Benjamin Franklin to Franklin Roosevelt, Fitzhugh therefore stands out as a lone dissenter who makes the conventional polarities between Jefferson and Hamilton, or Hoover and Roosevelt, seem insignificant. Beside him Taylor, Randolph, and Calhoun blend inconspicuously into the American consensus, all being apostles of John Locke in some degree. An intellectual tradition that suffers from uniformity—even if it is virtuous, liberal conformity—could stand a bit of contrast, and George Fitzhugh can supply more of it than any other American thinker.

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Labor Skill and Capital
21
Subject ContinuedExploitation of Skill
38
International Exploitation
49
Free Trade Fashion and Centralization
57
The World is Too Little Governed
65
Liberty and Slavery
71
Our Best Witnesses and Masters in the Art of
85
Decay of English Liberty and Growth of English
107
The Strength of Weakness
204
Money
207
Gerrit Smith on Land Reform and William Lloyd Garrison on NoGovernment
209
In What AntiSlavery Ends
213
Christian Morality Impracticable in Free Society But the Natural Morality of Slave Society
217
SlaveryIts Effects on the Free
220
Private Property Destroys Liberty and Equality
222
The National Era an Excellent Witness
225

The French Laborers and the French Revolution
119
The Reformation The Right of Private Judgment
130
The Nomadic Beggars and Pauper Banditti of Eng
137
Rural Life of England
146
The Distressed NeedleWomen and Hoods Song of the Shirt
149
The Edinburgh Review on Southern Slavery
158
The London Globe on West India Emancipation
184
Protection and Charity to the Weak
187
The Family
190
Negro Slavery
199
The Philosophy of the IsmsShowing Why They Abound at the North and Are Unknown at the South
228
Deficiency of Food in Free Society
231
Man Has Property in Man
235
The Coup de Grāce to Abolition
237
National Wealth Individual Wealth Luxury and Economy
241
Government a Thing of Force Not of Consent
243
Warning to the North
250
Addendum
257
Index
263
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Tentang pengarang (1960)

George Fitzhugh, lawyer, planter, newspaperman, sociologist, was born in Virginia in 1806. He married in 1829, had nine children, and lived until the Civil War in his wife's home in Port Royal, Virginia. During this period he practiced law, was employed briefly in the Attorney General's office, wrote for various periodicals and newspapers, and published two books, Sociology for the South, or the Failure of Free Society (1854) and Cannibals All! (1857). After a foray into abolitionist territory in 1856, including a debate in New Haven with Wendell Phillips, he returned to the South more convinced than ever of his position, and up to the War he remained hopeful of converting the North. Fitzhugh died in Texas in 1881. C. Vann Woodward was Professor of American History at The Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. He is the author of several authoritative books on the South: Tom Watson: Agrarian Rebel (1938); Origins of the New South (1951); Reunion and Reaction (1951); and The Strange Career of Jim Crow (1955). He passed away on December 17, 1999.

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