Districts.

Besides the located, there are 2 Episcopal Societies and 1 of Baptists.

There are 15 primary Schools,

Woolen Factory, 1 Forge, 6 small Furnaces, for casting bells, cart and waggon boxes, &c., 6 Distilries, one of which, at Middle-Haddam Landing, is upon a considera-one in each District, and an Acable scale, 4 Tanneries, 8 Grain demy or Grammar School in the Mills, 12 Saw Mills, 3 Carding first Society. Machines and 4 Clothiers' works. The population of Chatham,at the|| census of 1810, was 3258; and there are about 525 Electors, 2Companies of Infantry & 1 of Lt. Infantry of Militia, 453 Dwelling houses, 10 Mer-ty, cantile Stores and 6 Churches.

The corporate divisions of the town consist of 3 located Congregational Societies and 15 School

There are 5 Social Libraries, 3 Congregational, 1 Episcopal, and 1 Baptist Clergyman, 3 Physicians and 1 Attorney.

The amount of taxable properincluding polls, as rated in the list, in 1817, was $53,616.

This town was incorporated in 1767, previously to which it belonged to Middletown.

DURHAM.

prevails upon the borders of Long Island sound. Within the clay slate strata, there is an exhaustless

DURHAM is a post town, situa- ||within the granitic region which ted in the western section of the county 20 miles south of Hartford, and 18 northeast from New-Haven; bounded north on Middle-quarry of sandstone, which is a vetown, east on Haddam, south on ry valuable freestone. Guilford and Killingworth, and west on Wallingford.

This is a small township, averaging about 6 miles in length from east to west, and nearly 4 in breadth from north to south, comprising an area of about 23 square miles.

The prevailing soil is an argillaceous loam, and a slaty or shistic gravel. It is generally fertile and productive. Upon the streams, particularly West or Middletown river, are considerable tracts of alluvial.

The lands are well adapted both to grazing and tillage, and also favourable for fruit.

The prevailing character of the surface is undulating; exhibiting an agreeable and interesting diver- The staple agricultural producsity of moderate hills and gentle tions are rye, corn and flax. declivities and dales. The east- Of the waters of the town, West ern and western borders are some-river is the principal stream. It what broken and mountainous. rises near the north line of GuilThis township is situated at the ford, and runs northwardly through commencement of the argillaceous the town, embodying, in its course, district extending to the north up-most of the small streams,into Midon Connecticut river; being part-dletown, where it discharges itself ly included within it, and partly into the Connecticut. It affords,

This town comprises but 1 located Ecclesiastical Society. Be

within this town, very extensive meadows. The Middletown and New-Ha-sides which, there is 1 Society of ven turnpike leads through this Episcopalians and 1 of Methodists. town; the East-Guilford turnpike In the centre of the town, there runs from that Society in Guilford, is a small but pleasant village. into the centre of this town; and There are, in Durham, 3 Merthere is a turnpike, commencing cantile Stores, 6 common Schools, about half a mile south of the cen-1 small Academy, 2 Social Libratre of this town, which leads to ries, 1 Clergyman and 1 PhysiHaddam. cian.

The settlement in this town was commenced in the year 1699, and it was incorporated in 1708.

BIOGRAPHY. Gen. James Wadsworth, distinguished for his revolutionary services, was a na

The principal manufacture is that of shoes; of which, for some years past, considerable quantities have been made, and sent to the southern States for a market. There are 4 Tanneries, 2 Grain Mills, 3 Saw Mills, 1 Carding Ma-tive of this town. He was a Gechine and 1 Cider Distillery. neral in the continental army, during the revolutionary war, and was esteemed a zealous patriot and a good officer. After the peace, he was for several years a member of the Congress organized under the Confederation. He died in 1817, aged 88.

The population of the town, in 1810, was 1130; and there are about 150 Electors, 2 Companies of Militia, and 172 Dwelling hou

ses.

The aggregate list of the town, in 1816, including polls, was $26,609.

EAST-HADDAM.

from north to south, is about 6 and a half miles, comprising an area of about 50 square miles.

EAST-HADDAM is a conside-miles, and its average breadth, rable post township, situated upon the east side of Connecticut river, in the southeast section of the county, 13 miles southeast from Middletown, and about 27 from Hartford; bounded on the north by Chatham and Colchester, on the east by Colchester and Lyme, in New-London county, on the south by Lyme, and on the west, principally by Connecticut river, but partly by the Salmon river, scparating it from Haddam Neck, belonging to the town of Haddam.

The average length of the township, from east to west, is nearly 8

The face of the country presents the usual granitic features of this region, being rough, and of a mountainous character; but the soil, which is a primitive gravelly loam, is generally strong and fertile. There is some alluvial upon the borders of the streams, which, with some other small sections, is suitable for the cultivation of grain; but the principal part of the township is best adapted to grazing, and is too

rough and stony for tillage.

and there are about 300 Electors, There is considerable timber in 3 Companies of Militia, and about 390 Dwelling houses.

the town, which is of an excellent| quality.

The agricultural interests and pursuits are principally directed to the dairy business, and the raising|| of cattle and sheep.

a

This town is accommodated with turnpike road to Colchester, and the contemplated turnpike from New-Haven to Norwich will pass through it.

The waters of the town are The civil divisions of East-Hadabundant; it being washed upon|| dam are 3 located Congregational its western border by the Connecti-Societies and 19 School Districts. cut, throughout most of its extent, Besides the located, there is 1 Soand the residue by Salmon river.ciety of Episcopalians and 1-of There are also several small Baptists. streams which intersect and fertilize the different sections of the township, and afford numerous sites for hydraulic works.

There are 8 or 10 Mercantile Stores and 3 Social Libraries in the town.

The amount of taxable property and polls, in 1817, was $60,327.

This town was originally a part of Haddam; and for an account of its first settlement, we must refer the reader to that town. It was incorporated as a separate town in 1734.

Upon the Connecticut and Salmon rivers, there are several good harbours or landings, at which the commercial business is carried on, which consists principally in a trade with New-York and the southern States. Considerable quantities of wood are conveyed BIOGRAPHY. Gen. Joseph to the New-York market. The Spencer, of this town, enjoyed a landing places afford great facili-great share of public confidence in ties to the business of ship build- his day, and was honoured with ing, which at some periods has many distinguished offices, both received considerable attention. civil and military. During the The shad fisheries in the Con- French war, in 1758, he went innecticut constitute an important to the northern army, having the business, and are a source of con- || rank of a major, and was soon prosiderable profit. They are six in moted to a colonel, in which office number; and it has been estimat- he served the two succeeding ed that the average quantity of shad, years, and acquired considerable taken annually, is nearly 50,000. reputation.

At the commencement of the revolutionary war, in 1775, he was appointed a Brigadier General, and, the subsequent

The manufacturing and mechanical interests of the town are respectable. There are 1 Cotton || Factory, 1 Woolen Factory, 3 Clo-year, a Major General in the Conthiers' works, 3 Carding Machines, 1 Oil Mill, 6 Grain Mills, 19 Saw Mills and 13 Tanneries.

There were 2537 inhabitants in this town, at the census of 1810;

tinental army. He resigned his commission in 1778, and the year after, was elected a member of the Continental Congress. He died in 1789, aged 75 years.

seven and a half feet of water at common tides.

KILLINGWORTH is a maritime post township, situated upon Long Island sound, 38 miles south- Some attention is paid to the east from Hartford, 26 east from business of fishing. Of the fish New-Haven,and 26west from New- taken, are shad, black fish and London; bounded on the north by shell fish. White fish are also taDurham, on the northeast by Had-ken very plentifully, for the purposes of manure.

dam, on the east by Saybrook, on the south by Long Island sound, and on the west by Hammonassett river, which separates it from Guilford.

The township is of an oblong figure, comprising an area of about 42 square miles, being about 13 miles in length, from north to south, and having a mean breadth of more than 3 miles.

There are eight small vessels belonging to the town, employed in the coasting trade. Wood and ship timber, of which the town affords large supplies, form a considerable item of exportation. They are sent principally to New-York. The wood is of an excellent quality, consisting mostly of walnut and rock oak.

The surface is various; the sou- Killingworth, as an agricultural thern section of the township being township, does not unite superior level, the northern diversified with advantages, or possess very ample hill and dale, and it is rough and resources for agricultural improvestony. Upon the border of the ments and wealth. Some sections, sound,there are large tracts of ma- however, are feasible, fertile and rine alluvial or salt marsh,compris-productive, and suitable for a grain ing, as has been estimated, 1000 culture; but many parts are rough and stony, and adapted only to grazing or the growth of timber.

acres.

The soil is also various. The northern section is a gravelly loam; in other sections there are some tracts of sandy loam, and some argillaceous, and the marine alluvial already noticed.

The staple agricultural productions are Indian corn, some rye, oats, barley, the cultivation of which (although neglected in most other towns) forms a considerable Of the waters of the town, the interest, beef, butter and cheese. Hammonassett river, which wash- The manufactures of the town, es its western border, and the Me-exclusive of those which form nunketesuck, which runs through the products of domestic industry, its eastern section, and discharges are not very important or consideitself into Pochaug harbour, in rable. There are 1 Woolen FacSaybrook, are the most considera-tory, 3 Fulling Mills and Cloth ble streams. Besides these there Dressing establishments, 2 Cardare various small streams, which ing Machines, 8 Grain Mills and accommodate and fertilize the dif- 6 Tanneries. ferent parts of the town.

in||rable.

The civil divisions of the town There is one harbour in the consist of 2 located Congregationsouthern part of the town, tolera-al Societies and 15 School Disbly safe and commodious; havingtricts. Besides the located, there

rough and stony for tillage. There is considerable timber in the town, which is of an excellent quality.

The agricultural interests and pursuits are principally directed to the dairy business, and the raising|| of cattle and sheep.

and there are about 300 Electors, 3 Companies of Militia, and about 390 Dwelling houses.

This town is accommodated with a turnpike road to Colchester, and the contemplated turnpike from New-Haven to Norwich will pass through it.

The waters of the town are The civil divisions of East-Hadabundant; it being washed upon dam are 3 located Congregational its western border by the Connecti- Societies and 19 School Districts. cut, throughout most of its extent, Besides the located, there is 1 Soand the residue by Salmon river.ciety of Episcopalians and 1-of There are also several small Baptists. streams which intersect and fertilize the different sections of the township, and afford numerous sites for hydraulic works.

There are 8 or 10 Mercantile Stores and 3 Social Libraries in the town.

The amount of taxable property and polls, in 1817, was $60,327.

This town was originally a part of Haddam; and for an account of its first settlement, we must refer the reader to that town. It was incorporated as a separate town in 1734. BIOGRAPHY.

Gen. Joseph

Upon the Connecticut and Salmon rivers, there are several good harbours or landings, at which the commercial business is carried on, which consists principally in a trade with New-York and the southern States. Considerable quantities of wood are conveyed to the New-York market. The Spencer, of this town, enjoyed a landing places afford great facili- great share of public confidence in ties to the business of ship build-his day, and was honoured with ing, which at some periods has received considerable attention. The shad fisheries in the Connecticut constitute an important business, and are a source of considerable profit. They are six in number; and it has been estimated that the average quantityof shad, taken annually, is nearly 50,000.

many distinguished offices, both civil and military. During the French war, in 1758, he went into the northern army, having the rank of a major, and was soon promoted to a colonel, in which office he served the two succeeding years, and acquired considerable reputation. At the commencement of the revolutionary war, in 1775, he was appointed a Brigadier General, and, the subsequent

The manufacturing and mechanical interests of the town are respectable. There are 1 Cotton Factory, 1 Woolen Factory, 3 Clo-||year, a Major General in the Conthiers' works, 3 Carding Machines, 1 Oil Mill, 6 Grain Mills, 19 Saw Mills and 13 Tanneries.

There were 2537 inhabitants in this town, at the census of 1810;

tinental army. He resigned his commission in 1778, and the year after, was elected a member of the Continental Congress. He died in 1789, aged 75 years.