handled by Mr. Perry with great care and judgment. Proceedings of the American Geographical and Statistical Society of New York. 1862-3. Vol. I. No. 1. THIS new publication of the Society gives evidence of its vitality and usefulness, which cannot but be enhanced by the useful labors which it will produce. Miscellany. THE remains of Sir William Johnson, AT East Longmeadow, Mass., on June 13, EPHRAIM T. HUNN, aged 96 years. He was a Revolutionary privateersman, was taken prisoner by the British and confined in the old Jersey prison-ship at New York for a long time. After his release he was stationed at New London, and witnessed the burning of that city by the traitor Ar nold, in 1781. THE second volume of Victor's "History of the Rebellion," will appear this month. S. G. DRAKE announces a reprint of Increase Mather's "Brief History of the War with the Indians." REV. J. T. LIVERMORE has in press who played so conspicuous a part in the In-"History of Cooperstown, with a biographdian affairs of New York, a century since, ical sketch of James Fennimore Cooper." were exhumed from a vault in St. John's Church, Johnstown, and reinterred in a small stone coffin, on June 7, Bishop Potter and Rev. Mr. Kellogg, officiating. A VAST Indian cemetery near Lake Butte des Morts, opposite Menasha, is now turned up by the new line of the Chicago and North Western Railroad. We trust that the Chicago and Wisconsin Historical Societies will secure important relics. CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. Chesterfield, an old mother town in Hampshire Co., Mass., celebrated the one hundredth anniversary of its organization on the 18th inst. The addresses and speeches were all eloquent, MR. JAMES GRANT WILSON, of Chicago, is and the historical ones replete with quaint preparing a work embracing "Lives of the and interesting incidents of the past. The Illinois Officers in the Army of the Union." following account of the ordination of one It will be illustrated, and will undoubtedly of the earlier clergymen is an instructive be a most creditable account of some of the curiosity. most eminent men in our army. "The ordination of Mr. Kilbourn occurred during the Revolution, and in order to A SERIES of papers, by A. S. Taylor, Esq., show the depreciation of Continental mon- on the Indians, Indian languages, and Iney, which is surpassed only by the depreci- dian antiquities of California, has appeared ation of Confederate paper, we will look at for more than two years past in the Calithe single item of drink for the occasion.fornia Farmer, and deserve notice. From The Council met at the house of Lieut. Ab- the manner of publication they are necesner Brown, which was upon the farm of sarily fragmentary; but they contain so T. K. Utley's heirs, and the account is with him, and runs as follows: much matter of real value and interest that we hope to see them revised and issued in an accessible form. He also promises a catalogue of works on California, and transla Eleven gills of rum bit-tions of early memoirs. ters, at six dollars per gill. Two mugs of sling, at twenty-four dollars per mug.' "Thirty-eight mugs of flip, twelve dollars per mug. Twenty-four mugs of cider, four dollars per mug. "The whole cost on this interesting occasion was the snug little sum of $666." THE Minisink battle monument, to which we alluded in a recent number, was dedicated on the 22d of July. VOL. VI.] THE HISTORICAL MAGAZINE. SEPTEMBER, 1862. General Department. Good Order Established IN Pennsilvania & New-Jersey IN AMERICA, Being a true Account of the Country; [No. 9. bring them out of that Slavery and Poverty Your True and Well-wishing Friend, It is to be noted, that the Government of these Countries is so settled by Concessions, and such care taken by the establishment of certain fundamental Laws, by which every Man's Liberty and Property, both as Men and Christians, are preserved; so that none shall be hurt in his Person, Estate or Liberty for his Religious Perswasion or Practice directions here laid down are followed. the advantages of publick Granaries. Likewise, several other things needful to be understood by those that are or do intend to be concerned in planting in the said Countries. All which is laid down very plain, in this small Treatise; it being easie to be understood by any ordinary Capacity. To which the Reader in Worship towards God. is referred for his further satisfaction. By Thomas Budd Printed in the Year 1685. Those that have generous Spirits, whose desires and Endeavours are to bring the Creation into Order, do I dedicate This, the first Fruits of my Endeavours. Pennsylvania and New-Jersy in Amer ica lieth in about forty & forty two Degrees of North Latitude, and is severed the one from the other by the River of Delaware on the West, and seperated from New-York Collony by Sandy-hoock-Bay, The dayes in the Winter are about two and part of Hudsons River on the East. hours longer, and in the Summer two hours shorter than in England, the Summer somewhat hotter, which causeth the Fruits and Corn somewhat to ripen faster than in England, and the Harvest for Wheat, Rye and Barley, being about the latter end of June. In the Winter season it is cold and freezing Weather, and sometimes Snow, but commonly very clear and Sun-shine, which soon dissolves it. The Country is well Watered, the River and Brooks, that run out of the Country, of Delaware being navigable for Ships of many of which Brooks are so considerable, great burthen to Burlington, which from as to be fit to drive Mills. And above the the Capes, or entrance, is accounted an hundred and forty Miles; and for Sloops to the Falls, which is about ten Miles farther. falls, in travelling of twenty Miles by the Rivers side, I went over twenty runnings of Water, five or six of them being fit to build Mills on. The Bay of Sandy-hoock on East-Jersy is a safe and excellent Harbour for any The Country for the most part is pretty Fleet of Ships, which can lie there all leavel, until we come ten Miles above the Weathers, and go in and out to Sea in Win- Falls, where it is Mountanious for many ter, as well as Summer, and Ships of great Miles, but interlaced with fertile Valleys. Burthen can lie close to the Town of New- The Bay and River of Delaware, and the Perth, which renders it a good Scituation Rivers and Cricks that runs into it, are for Navigation, from whence in six Hours plentifully stored with various sorts of good time at most, Ships can go out into the Sea; Fish and Water-Fowl, as Swans, Geese, and close by the Town of Perth runs up Ducks, Wigeons, &c. And a considerable Rariton River. From the Falls of Dela- Whale-Fishery may be carried on in the ware River the Indians go in Cannows up Bay of Delaware, and on the Sea-Coasts of the said River, to an Indian Town called New-Jersey, there being Whale-Fisheries Minisincks, which is accounted from the already begun, plenty of Whales being by exFalls about eighty Miles; but this they perience found there, and the Winter-time perform by great Labour in setting up being the time for the catching them, they against the Stream; but they can come will not thereby be hindred of raising there down with ease and speed; the River from Summer-Crops; and the Oyl and Bone bethe Falls runs from the North and North- ing good Commodities to be sent for EngWest about twenty Miles, as I my self ob- land, there also being in the Bay of Delaserved in my Travel so far by the River, ware and Sandy-hoock, Drums, Sheepsbut by the Indians Information, it cometh heads, Bass, and other sorts of large Fish, about more Easterly farther up. I have been which may be fit to salt up in Casks to keep informed, that about Minisincks, by the for use, and Transportation also. There Riverside, both in New-Jersey and Penn- are great plenty of Oysters, which may be sylvania is great quantities of exceeding pickled and put up in small Casks for use. rich open Land, which is occasioned by Likewise, in Delaware River are great plenwashing down of the Leaves and Soil in ty of Sturgion, which doubtless might be a great Rains from the Mountains, which Land is exceeding good, for the raising of Hemp and Flax, Wheat, or any other sorts of Corn, Fruits, Roots, &c. Where in time may be conveniently settled a Manufacture for the making of Linnen-Cloth, Cordage, Twine, Sacking, Fishing Nets, and all other Commodities commonly made of Hemp or Flax: And after great Rains, we may bring down great quantities of Goods in flat-bottom-Boats, built for that purpose, which will then come down, by reason of the Land- Winter's Provision. floods with speed. good Trade, if mannaged by such Persons as are skilful in the boyling and pickling of them, so as to preserve them good to Barbadoes, and other adjacent Islands. There are also in the Spring great quantities of a sort of Fish like Herrings: with plenty of the Fish called Shads, but not like the Shads in England, but of another kind, being a much better sort of Fish; the Inhabitants usually catch quantities, which they salt up, and pack them in Barrels for The Lands from the Capes, to about six And into this River, betwixt the Capes Miles above New-Castle (which is by estiand the Falls, run many navigable Rivers and Cricks, some of them fifteen or twenty Miles, and others less, which Rivers and Cricks are made by the plenty of Springs mation ninety Miles) is for the most part very rich, there being very many navigable Cricks on both sides of the River, and on the River and Cricks are great quantities of rich fat Marsh Land, which causeth those parts, to some fresh People, to be somewhat unhealthful in the latter part of the Summer, at which time some of them have Agues: Also in and near these Marshes, are small Flies, called Musketoes, which are troublesome to such People as are not used to them; but were those Marshes banked, and drained, and then plowed and sowed, some Years with Corn, and then with English Hay-seed, I do suppose it would be healthful, and very little troubled with Musketoes; and if Cattel did commonly feed on this Ground, and tread it as in England, I suppose it would not be inferior to the rich Meadows on the River of Thames; and were quantities of this Land laid dry, and brought into Tillage, I suppose it would bear great Crops of Wheat, Pease and Barley, Hemp and Flax, and it would be very fit for Hop-Gardens, and for English Grass, which might serve for rich Pastures or Meadow. Also these Marshes are fit for Rape, and were Rape-Mills built, and the design mannaged, so as it would be if it were in England or Holland, a great Trade might be carried on, and many hundred Tuns of Rape-Oyl might be made Yearly, and sent to England, to the Planters inrichment; and not only so, but would be for Merchants advantage, they thereby having Goods to freight their Ships, which would tend to the benefit of the Inhabitants in general. And if those Trades and Designs are carried on to effect, as are mentioned in this Treatise, there would naturally follow Trade and Imployment for Ship-wrights, Boatwrights, Coopers, Carpenters, Smiths, Ropers, Mariners, Weavers, Butchers, Bakers, Brewers; and many other sorts of Trades would have full Impoyment. From six Miles above New-Castle to the Falls of Delaware (which is about sixty Miles) and so to the Head of the said River, the Water is clear, fresh, and fit for Brewing, or any other use. The Air clear and good, it being supposed to be as healthful as any part of England. The Land is in Veins, some good, and some bad, but the greatest part will bear good Corn, as Wheat, Rye, Barley, Oats, Indian Corn, Buck-Wheat, Pease and Indian Beans, &c. Fruits that grow natural in the Countries are Strawberries, Cramberries, Huckleberries, Blackberries, Medlers, Grapes, Plums, Hickery-Nuts, Walnuts, Mulberies, Chestnuts, Hassel-nuts, &c. Garden Fruits groweth well, as Cabbage, Colworts, Colliflowers, Sparagrass, Carrots, Parsneps, Turnups, Oynions, Cowcumbers, Pumkins, Water-Mellons, Musk-Mellons, Squashes, Potatoes, Currants, Goosberries, Roses, Cornations, Tulips, Garden-Herbs, Flowers, Seeds, Fruits, &c. for such as grow in England certainly will grow here. Orchards of Apples, Pears, Quinces, Peaches, Aprecocks, Plums, Cheries, and other sorts of the usual Fruits of England may be soon raised to good advantage, the Trees growing faster then in England, whereof great quantities of Sider may be made. And were Glass-houses erected to furnish us with Bottles, we might have a profitable Trade, by sending Sider to Ja maico and Barbadoes, &c. ready bottled, which is commonly so sent from Herefordshire to London. It is supposed that we may make as good Wines as in France, (if Vineyards were planted on the sides of Hills or Banks, which are defended from the cold North-West Winds) with such Vines as the French-men commonly make those Wines of; for the Climate is as proper as any part of France, therefore it is rational to believe, that the Wines will be as rich and good as in France. There are some Vineyards already planted in Pennsylvania, and more intended to be planted by some French-Protestants, and others, that are gone to settle there. Several other Commodities may be raised here, as Rice, which is known to have been sown for a tryal, and it grew very well, and yielded good encrease. Also Annis-Seeds I have been informed groweth well, and might be a profitable Commodity, there being great Quantities used in England by Distillers. Liquorish doubtless would grow very well. And I question not but the Mather, Woad, and other Plants and Roots for Dy well. ers use might be raised. Shuemack grow- several that keep them, to thrive very eth naturally. Also several useful Durgs grow naturally, as Sassafrass, Sassaperella, Callamus Aromaticus, Snake-Root, Jallap pa, &c. The Pine-Tree groweth here, out of which is made Pitch, Tar, Rosin and Turpentine: In New-England some make quantities of Tar out of the knots of Pine Trees, with which they supply themselves and others. There are many other sorts of Plants, Roots and Herbs of great Virtue, which grow here, which are found to cure such Distempers as the People are insident to. Hops in some places grow naturally, but were Hop-Gardens planted in low rich Land, quantities might be raised to good advantage. There is no Lime Stone as we yet know of, but we make Lime of Oyster Shels, which by the Sea and Bay side are so plentiful, that we may load Ships with them. There are several sorts of good Clay, of which Bricks, Earthen-Ware, and TobaccoPipes are made; and in some places there are Quaries of a ruf hard Stone, which are good to wall Cellars, and some Stone fit for Pavement. The Trees grow but thin in most places, and very little under-Wood. In the Woods groweth plentifully a course sort of Grass, which is so proying that it soon makes the Cattel and Horses fat in the Summer, but the Hay being course, which is chiefly gotten on the fresh Marshes, the Cattel loseth their Flesh in the Winter, and become very poor, except we give them Corn: But this may be remydied in time, by draining of low rich Land, and by plowing of it, and sowing it with English-Grass-seed, which here thrives very well The Hogs are fat in the VVoods when it is a good Mast-Year. The Woods are furnished with store of Wild Fowl, as Turkeys, Phesants, HeathCocks, Partridges, Pidgeons, Blackbirds, &c. And People that will take the pains to raise the various sorts of tame Fowl, may do it with as little trouble, and less charge, then they can in England, by reason of what they find in the Woods. Bees are found by the experience of I do not question but that we might make good strong sound Beer, Ale and Mum, that would keep well to Barbadoes the Water being good, and Wheat and Barley in a few Years like to be very plentiful: Great quantities of Beer, Ale and Mum is sent yearly from London, and other places, to Barbadoes, Jamaica, and other Islands in America, where it sells to good advantage; and if Beer, Ale and Mum hold good from England to those places, which'tis said is above one thousand Leagues; I question not but if it be well brewed in a seasonable time of the Year, and put up in good Casks, but it will keep good to be Transported from Delaware River to those Islands aforesaid, which by computation, is not above half so far. If Merchants can gain by sending Beer, Ale and Mum from England, where Corn is dear, and Freight dear, by reason of the length of the Voyage, we in all probability must get much more, that buy our Corn cheap, and pay less Freight. Flower and Bisket may be made in great quantities in a few Years, the Wheat being very good, which seldom fails of finding a good Market at Barbadoes, Jamaica, and the Carieb Islands: great quantities are sent yearly from London, and other places, which if they can make Profit of it, we much more for the Reasons already given. Pork is but about half the price as in England, therefore the Inhabitants will seldom have their Market spoiled by any that come from England, of which Commodity the Inhabitants in a few Years will have Quantities to sell to the Merchant, which ist salted, and packed in Barrels, and so transported to Jamaica, Barbadoes, Nevis, and other Islands. Hams of Bacon are also made, much after the same manner as in West-Falia, and the Bacon eats much like it. Our Beef in the Fall is very fat and good, and we are likely in a few Years to have great Plenty, which will serye our Families, and furnish Shipping. Our Mutton is also fat, sound and good, being only fed with natural Grass; but it we sprinkle but a little English Hay Seed |