ther of them, on the other part, shall have given notice of their intenon to terminate the same; each of the contracting parties reserving to self the right of giving such notice to the other at the end of the said erm of twelve years. And it is hereby agreed that, at the expiration of welve months after such notice shall have been received by either of the arties from the other, this convention, and all the provisions thereof, hall altogether cease and determine, as far as regards the States giving and receiving such notice; it being always understood and agreed that f one or more of the Free and Hanseatic Republics aforesaid shall, at he expiration of twelve years from the date of the ratification of the convention, give or receive notice of the termination of the same, it shall, nevertheless, remain in full force and operation, as far as regards the remaining Free and Hanseatic Republics or Republic, which may not have given or received such notice.

HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.

Treaty concluded December 20, 1849 (Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation).

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1467. ARTICLE X.

Each of the two contracting parties may have, in the ports of the other, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents of their own appointment, who shall enjoy the same privileges and powers with those of the most favored nations; but if any such consuls shall exercise commerce, they shall be subject to the same laws and usage to which the private individuals of their nation are subject in the same place. The said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Commercial Agents are authorized to require the assistance of the local authorities for the search, arrest, detention, and imprisonment of the deserters from the ships of war and merchant-vessels of their country. For this purpose they shall apply to the competent tribunals, judges, and officers, and shall, in writing, demand the said deserters, proving by the exhibition of the registers of the vessels, the rolls of the crews, or by other official documents, that such individuals formed part of the crews; and this reclamation being thus substantiated, the surrender shall not be refused. Such deserters, when arrested, shall be placed at the disposal of the said Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Commercial Agents, and may be confined in the public prisons, at the request

1433. ARTICLE III.

The Consular offices and dwellings shall be inviolable. The local authorities shall not invade them under any pretext. In no case shall they examine or seize the papers there deposited. In no case shall those offices or dwellings be used as places of asylum.

1434. ARTICLE IV.

The Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents, of both countries, shall have the right to complain to the authorities of their respective Governments, whether federal or local, judicial or executive, throughout the extent of their Consular district, of any infraction of the treaties or conventions existing between the United States and France, or for the purpose of protecting informally the rights and interests of their countrymen, especially in cases of absence. Should there be no Diplomatic Agent of their nation, they shall be authorized, in case of need, to have recourse to the general or federal Government of the country in which they exercise their functions.

1435. ARTICLE V.

The respective Consuls-General and Consuls shall be free to establish. in such parts of their districts as they may see fit, Vice-Consuls or Consular Agents, who may be taken indiscriminately from among Americans of the United States, Frenchmen, or citizens of other countries. These Agents, whose nomination, it is understood, shall be submitted to the approval of the respective Governments, shall be provided with a certificate given to them by the Consul by whom they are named, and under whose orders they are to act.

1436. ARTICLE VI.

The Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents shall have the right of taking at their offices or bureaus, at the domicile of the parties concerned, or on board ship, the declarations of captain, crews, passengers, merchants, or citizens of their country, and of executing there all requisite papers.

The respective Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents shall have the right also to receive at their offices or bureaus, conformably to the laws and regulations of their country, all acts of } agreement executed between the citizens of their own country and the

citizens and inhabitants of the country in which they reside, and even all such acts between the latter, provided that these acts relate to property situated, or to business to be transacted, in the territory of the nation to which the Consul or the Agent before whom they are executed may belong.

Copies of such papers, duly authenticated by the Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents, and sealed with the official seal of their Consulate, or Consular Agency, shall be admitted in courts of justice throughout the United States and France in like manner as the originals.

1437. ARTICLE VII.

In all the States of the Union whose existing laws permit it, so long and to the same extent as the said laws shall remain in force, Frenchmen shall enjoy the right of possessing personal and real property by the same title and in the same manner as the citizens of the United States. They shall be free to dispose of it as they may please, either gratuitously, or for value received, by donation, testament, or otherwise, just as those citizens themselves; and in no case shall they be subjected to taxes on transfer, inheritance, or any others different from those paid by the latter, or to taxes which shall not be equally imposed.

As to the States of the Union by whose existing laws aliens are not permitted to hold real estate, the President engages to recommend to them the passage of such laws as may be necessary for the purpose of conferring this right.

In like manner, but with the reservation of the ulterior right of establishing reciprocity in regard to possession and inheritance, the Government of France accords to the citizens of the United States the same rights within its territory, in respect to real and personal property and to inheritance, as are enjoyed there by its own citizens.

1438. ARTICLE VIII.

The respective Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents shall have exclusive charge of the internal order of the merchantvessels of their nation, and shall alone take cognizance of differences which may arise, either at sea or in port, between the captain, officers, and crew, without exception, particularly in reference to the adjustment of wages and the execution of contracts. The local authorities shall not, on any pretext, interfere in these differences, but shall lend forcible aid to

the Consuls when they may ask it to arrest and imprison all persons com posing the crew whom they may deem it necessary to confine. Those persons shall be arrested at the sole request of the Consuls, addressed in writing to the local authority, and supported by an official extract from the register of the ship or the list of the crew, and shall be held, during the whole time of their stay in the port, at the disposal of the Consuls Their release shall be granted at the mere request of the Consuls made in writing. The expenses of the arrest and detention of those persons shall be paid by the Consuls.

1439. ARTICLE IX.

The respective Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, or Consular Agents may arrest the officers, sailors, and all other persons making part of the crews of ships-of-war or merchant-vessels of their nation who may be guilty or be accused of having deserted said ships and vessels, for the purpose of sending them on board, or back to their country. To that end, the Consuls of France in the United States shall apply to the magistrates designated in the act of Congress of May 4, 1826-that is to say. indiscriminately to any of the Federal, State, or municipal authorities; and the Consuls of the United States in France shall apply to any of the competent authorities, and make a request in writing for the deserters, supporting it by an exhibition of the registers of the vessel and list of the crew, or by other official documents, to show that the men whom they claim belonged to said crew. Upon such request alone, thus supported and without the exaction of any oath from the Consuls, the deserters, not being citizens of the country where the demand is made, either at the time of their shipping or of their arrival in the port, shall be given up to them. All aid and protection shall be furnished them for the pursuit, seizure, and arrest of the deserters, who shall even be put and kept in the prisons of the country at the request and at the expense of the Consuls until these Agents may find an opportunity of sending them away. If, however, such opportunity should not present itself within the space of three months, counting from the day of the arrest, the deserter shall be set at liberty, and shall not again be arrested for the

same cause.

1440. ARTICLE X.

The respective Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice Consuls, or Consular Agents shall receive the declarations, protests, and reports of all captains of vessels of their nation in reference to injuries experienced at

If any citizen of either of the two high contracting parties shall die without will or testament in any of the territories of the other, the Consul-General or Consul or the nation to which the deceased belonged, or the representative of such Consul-General or Consul in his absence, shall have the right to nominate curators to take charge of the property of the deceased, so far as the laws of the country will permit, for the benefit of the lawful heirs and creditors of the deceased, giving proper notice of such nomination to the authorities of the country.

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1475. ARTICLE X.

It shall be free for each of the two high contracting parties to appoint Consuls for the protection of trade, to reside in any of the territories of the other party; but before any Consul shall act as such, he shall, in the usual form, be approved and admitted by the Government to which he is sent; and either of the high contracting parties may except from the residence of Consuls such particular places as they judge fit to be excepted. The Diplomatic Agents and Consuls of Honduras shall enjoy in the territories of the United States whatever privileges, exemptions, and immunities are or shall be granted to agents of the same rank belonging to the most favored nation; and in like manner the Diplomatic Agents and Consuls of the United States in the territories of Honduras shall enjoy, according to the strictest reciprocity, whatever privileges, exemptions, and immunities are or may be granted in the Republic of Honduras to the Diplomatic Agents and Consuls of the most favored nation.

Treaty concluded May 8, 1878 (Rights, Privileges, and Immunities of

Consular Officers).

1476. ARTICLE I.

Each of the high contracting parties pledges itself to admit the Consuls-General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents of the other in all its ports, places, and cities, with the exception of those in which it may not be deemed proper to recognize such functionaries.

This reservation, however, shall not be applied to one of the high contracting parties without being applied in like manner to all the other Powers.