July 4, 1889. Alonzo J. Edgerton was elected president of the convention. Thirty-two days were spent in deliberation and the constitution of 1885 was amended to meet the requirements of the Enabling Act. This constitution was submitted to a vote of the people on October 1st and was adopted by a vote of 70,131 for to 3,267 against. At the same election state officers were elected, with Arthur C. Mellette as governor, and two members of congress, Oscar S. Gifford and J. A. Pickler. SEPARATE ARTICLES. Together with the constitution, two separate articles were submitted to a vote. One provided for the prohibition of the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquor. This was adopted but was repealed in 1896. The other was on minority representation, providing that where there are several representatives to be elected in one district a voter might divide his votes. Thus, if three representatives were to be elected from a district, a voter might cast three votes for one candidate, or two for one candidate and one for another candidate, or one vote for each of three candidates. This article was not adopted. Admission of South Dakota. The Enabling Act provided that if the constitution and government were republican in form, and if all of the provisions of the Enabling Act were complied with, it should be the duty of the President of the United States to proclaim the admission of the state, after which it should be deemed admitted by congress into the Union “on an equal footing with the original states." On November 2, 1889, President Benjamin Harrison issued a proclamation announcing the admission of South Dakota as a state. Thus was born this "Republic of Friends" into the family of states which make the great republic of the United States. QUESTIONS. Give the portion of the constitution of the United States relative to the government of territories and the admission of new states. Find this in the constitution (see Chapter XVIII). COLONIAL PERIOD. When was America discovered? By whom? What nation then claimed North America? What portion did England 09880 A acquire? France? What territory did France give to Spain in 1762? To England in 1763? When did France again get Louisiana? From whom? When did the United States get that region? How? LOUISIANA PURCHASE. When was this purchase made? From whom? What were its boundaries? How much of what is now South Dakota was included therein? When was the remainder acquired? From whom? How was this area first divided? How was the territory of Louisiana governed? MISSOURI TERRITORY. When was this territory created? By whom? How governed? What became of the territory of Orleans? MICHIGAN TERRITORY. When did congress create this territory? What area did it include? In what territories was the South Dakota region? WISCONSIN TERRITORY. When was this territory created? South Dakota location? IOWA TERRITORY. When created? Area included? South Dakota location? MINNESOTA TERRITORY. When created? Area included? South Dakota location? NEBRASKA TERRITORY. When created? South Dakota loca tion? LAND OF THE DACOTAHS. When was Minnesota made a state? What region was left without a government? What was this region called? What did the white people who were there do? When was Dakota territory created? LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION. When was the Louisiana purchase made? What was known of this western region then? Who were Lewis and Clark? What was the purpose of their expedition? When did they leave St. Louis? Tell what you can of their journey. The best account of their trip is given in "The Expedition of Lewis and Clark," two volumes, by James K. Hosmer, published by A. C. McClurg & Co. Doane Robinson's South Dakota History, published by the American Book Company, Chicago, gives a charming account of their journey through what is now South Dakota. This book should be found in every library in South Dakota. What is said of white men in this region before this time? EARLY TRADING POSTS. Where was the first permanent tradBy whom? ing post established in what is now South Dakota? When? What fort was built near here? When rebuilt? How named? What city is near that point today? AN INDIAN COUNTRY. What is the character of South Dakota history until 1851? FIRST INDIAN CESSION. How far west did Minnesota territory extend in 1851? What Indian lands were ceded in that year? TERRITORIAL PLANS. What two companies were formed for settling the Bix Sioux valley? When did they make settlements around Sioux Falls? This was then a part of what county of Minnesota territory? What new county was then made? Explain the situa tion in 1858. GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHED BUT NOT RECOGNIZED. What did the people of "Big Sioux county" do when Minnesota became a state and this region was not a part of any state or territory? Was their government recognized by congress? What was done in 1859? What happened to all of these settlements? SECOND INDIAN CESSION. What treaty was made with the Indians in 1858? What occurred in July, 1859? PERMANENT SETTLEMENT. Show that the real history of South Dakota people began in 1859. What towns were founded? When and where was the first school house built? The first churches? When did congress enact a law providing for Dakota territory? Who was President then? Who became President two days later? DAKOTA TERRITORY. What area was included? Describe the southern boundary? When was this boundary changed to the present one? EARLY GOVERNMENT. What was the first capital? What school lands were given? Who was the first governor? By whom appointed? What other officers? How many judges? Who was the first delegate to congress? THE FIRST LEGISLATURE. Of what did the first legislature consist? When and where did it meet? What institution did it establish at Vermillion? What one at Bon Homme? When was the penitentiary located at Sioux Falls? GOVERNMENT ORGANIZED. How many judges were there in the territorial supreme court? What local governments were organized? DIVISION OF THE TERRITORY. Make maps showing Dakota territory in 1861, 1863, 1868 and in 1882. Who made the changes in the boundaries? ATTEMPTS AT FURTHER DIVISION. What attempts at further division of the territory were made? What did the people in the southeastern portion desire? What two conditions are necessary for the establishment of a state government? DAKOTA CITIZENS' LEAGUE. What were its plans? What plans were made for buying up school lands? Tell about General Beadle. CONSTITUTION OF 1883. Tell about the convention to form a state constitution; about the capital removal. What did the convention do? What state seal was provided for? What motto? Compare it with the present motto. Which do you think is more appropriate for a republic? CONSTITUTION OF 1885. Tell what you can of the convention which framed this constitution. What steps were taken in forming a new state? What did congress do? THE ENABLING ACT OF 1889. What did congress do in 1889? LINE SEPARATING THE DAKOTAS. What line was selected to separate the Dakotas? Why not the 46th parallel? PROVISIONS OF THE ENABLING ACT. Name five of its provisions. What lands were given to South Dakota? CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION OF 1889. Tell what you can of this convention. How does the constitution of 1889 compare with the constitution of 1885? SEPARATE ARTICLES. What separate articles were submitted with the constitution? Which one was adopted? When was it repealed? Who was elected the first governor of South Dakota? Who was Henry Masters? William Jayne? ADMISSION OF SOUTH DAKOTA. Under what conditions was South Dakota admitted as a state? When was the state admitted? CHAPTER VI HISTORIC ITEMS The first visit of a white man to the region now comprised in South Dakota was probably in 1695, by Le Sueur, who was sent out west by the French governor at Quebec. The first building erected by white men in this region was probably the Trudeau house, or "Pawnee house," built of logs and protected by a stockade. It was probably erected in 1796, a short distance below the present site of Wheeler. The first permanent settlement was that established by Joseph La Framboise, in 1817, near the present site of Fort Pierre. The first sermon preached in this region was by Rev. Stephen R. Riggs at Fort Pierre in 1840. Mr. Riggs was a missionary among the Indians, Rev. Thomas S. Williamson being associated with him. Father De Smet was the first Roman Catholic missionary among the Indians of the Northwest, having come up the Missouri river from St. Louis, his headquarters, as far as the mouth of Vermillion river, as early as 1839. The first churches were built of logs at Vermillion and Yankton in the summer of 1860. During the same year the first school house was built at Bon Homme. The school house built at Vermillion in 1864 is, perhaps, the most famous of the school houses of those early days. The first white woman to come to the territory was Mrs. Goodwin, who arrived with her husband at Sioux Falls in the spring of 1858. The first newspaper was the Dakota Democrat, published at Sioux Falls in 1859. The first |