Treaties-Italy.

In all criminal cases, contemplated by the sixth article of the amendments to the Constitution of the United States, whereby the right is secured to persons charged with crimes to obtain witnesses in their favor, the appearance in court of said Consular Officer shall be demanded, with all possible regard to the Consular dignity and to the duties of his office. A similar treatment shall also be extended to United States Consuls in Italy in the like cases.

604..ARTICLE V.

Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents may place over the outer door of their offices, or of their dwelling-houses, the arms of their nation, with this inscription: "Consulate," or "Vice-Consulate," "or Consular Agency" of the United States, or of Italy, &c., &c. And they may also raise the flag of their country on their offices or dwellings, except in the capital of the country, when there is a Legation there.

605.. ARTICLE VI.

The Consular Offices and dwellings shall be at all times inviolable. The local authorities shall not, under any pretext, invade them. In no case shall they examine or seize the papers there deposited. In no case shall those offices or dwellings be used as places of asylum. When, however, a Consular Officer is engaged in other business the papers relating to the Consulate shall be kept separate.

606.. ARTICLE VII.

In the event of the death, incapacity, or absence of Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents, their Chancellors or Secretaries, whose official character may have previously been made known to the Department of State at Washington, or to the minister for foreign affairs in Italy, may temporarily exercise their functions, and while thus acting they shall enjoy all the rights, prerogatives and immunities granted to the incumbents.

607.. ARTICLE VIII.

Consuls General and Consuls may, with the approbation of their respective governments, appoint Vice-Consuls and Consular Agents in the cities, ports, and places within their Consular jurisdiction. These officers may be citizens of the United States, Italian subjects, or other foreigners. They shall be furnished with a commission by the Consul who appoints them and under whose orders they are to act. They shall enjoy the privileges stipulated for Consular Officers in this Convention, subject to the exceptions specified in Articles III and IV.

608.. ARTICLE IX.

Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents may

Treaties-Italy.

complain to the authorities of the respective countries, whether federal or local, judicial or local, judicial or executive, within their Consular district, of any infraction of the treaties and conventions between the United States and Italy, or for the purpose of protecting the rights and interests of their countrymen. If the complaint should not be satisfactorily redressed, the Consular Officers aforesaid, in the absence of a Diplomatic Agent of their country, may apply directly to the government of the country where they reside.

609.. ARTICLE X.

Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents may take at their offices, at the residence of the parties, at their private residence, or on board ship, the depositions of the captains and crews of vessels of their own country, of passengers on board of them, and of any other citizen or subject of their nation. They may also receive at their offices, conformably to the laws and regulations of their country, all contracts between the citizens and subjects of their country, and the citizens, subjects, or other inhabitants of the country where they reside, and even all contracts between the latter, provided they relate to property situated or to business to be transacted in the territory of the nation to which said Consular Officer may belong. Copies of such papers, and official documents of every kind, whether in the original, copy, or translation, duly authenticated and legalized by the Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents, and sealed with their official seal, shall be received as legal documents in courts of justice throughout the United States and Italy.

610..ARTICLE XI.

Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents shall have exclusive charge of the internal order of the merchant vessels of their nation, and shall alone take cognizance of differences which may arise, either at sea or in port, between the captains, officers, and crews, without exception, particularly in reference to the adjustment of wages and the execution of contracts. Neither the federal, State, or municipal authorities or courts in the United States, nor any court or authority in Italy, shall on any pretext interfere in these differences, but shall render forcible aid to Consular Officers, when they may ask it, to search, arrest, and imprison all persons composing the crew whom they may deem it necessary to confine. Those persons shall be arrested at the sole request of the Consuls, addressed in writing to either the federal, State, or municipal courts or authorities in the United States, or to any court or authority in Italy, and supported by an official extract from the register of the ship, or the list of the crew, and shall be held during the whole time of their stay in the port at the disposal of the Consular Officers.

Treaties-Italy.

Their release shall be granted at the mere request of such officers made in writing. The expenses of the arrest and detention of those persons shall be paid by the Consular Officers.

611.. ARTICLE XII.

In conformity with the act of Congress, (5th March, 1855, "to regulate the carriage of passengers on steamships and other vessels,") all disputes and differences of any nature between the captains and their officers on the one hand, and the passengers of their ships on the other, shall be brought to and decided by the circuit or district courts in the United States, to the exclusion of all other courts or authorities.

612.. ARTICLE XIII.

The respective Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Con-sular Agents may arrest the officers, sailors, and all other persons making part of the crew of ships of war or merchant vessels of their nation who may be guilty, or be accused of having deserted said ships and vessels, for the purpose of sending them on board or back to their country. To that end the Consuls of Italy in the United States may apply in writing to either the federal, State or municipal courts or authorities; and the Consuls of the United States in Italy may apply to any of the competent authorities and make a request in writing for the deserters, supporting it by the exhibition of the register of the vessel and list of the crew, or by other official documents, to show that the persons claimed belonged to the said crew. Upon such request alone, thus supported, and without the exaction of any oath from the Consular Officers, the deserters, not being citizens or subjects of the country where the demand is made at the time of their shipping, shall be given up. All the necessary aid and protection shall be furnished for the search, pursuit, seizure, and arrest of the deserters, who shall even be put and kept in the prisons of the country, at the request and expense of the Consular Officers, until there may be an opportunity for sending them away. If, however, such an opportunity should not present itself within the space of three months, counting from the day of the arrest, the deserter shall be set at liberty, nor shall he be again arrested for the same

cause.

613.. ARTICLE XIV.

In the absence of an agreement to the contrary between the owners, freighters, and insurers, all damages suffered at sea by the vessels of the two countries, whether they enter port voluntarily or are forced by stress of weather, shall be settled by the Consuls General, Consuls, Vice-Consuls, and Consular Agents of the respective countries where they reside. If, however, any inhabitant of the country, or citizen or subject of a third power, shall be interested

Treaties-Italy.

in the matter, and the parties cannot agree, the competent local authorities shall decide.

614.. ARTICLE XV.

All proceedings relative to the salvage of American vessels wrecked upon the coasts of Italy, and of Italian vessels wrecked upon the coasts of the United States, shall be directed by the Consuls General, Consuls, and Vice-Consuls of the two countries, respectively, and, until their arrival, by the respective Consular Agents, whenever an agency exists. In the places and ports where an agency does not exist, the local authorities, until the arrival of the Consul in whose district the wreck may have occurred, and who shall immediately be informed of the occurrence, shall take all necessary measures for the protection of persons and the preservation of property. The local authorities shall not otherwise interfere than for the maintenance of order, the protection of the interests of the salvors, if they do not belong to the crews that have been wrecked, and to carry into effect the arrangements made for the entry and exportation of the merchandise saved. It is understood that such merchandise is not to be subjected to any customhouse charges, unless it be intended for consumption in the country where the wreck may have taken place.

615.. ARTICLE XVI.

In case of the death of a citizen of the United States in Italy, or of an Italian subject in the United States, without having any known heirs or testamentary executor by him appointed, the competent local authorities shall inform the Consuls or Consular Agents of the nation to which the deceased belongs of the circumstance, in order that the necessary information may be immediately forwarded to parties interested.

JAPAN.

Treaty concluded March 31, 1854, (Peace and Amity.)

616.. ARTICLE XI.

There shall be appointed by the government of the United States Consuls or Agents to reside in Simoda, at any time after the expiration of eighteen months from the date of the signing of this treaty: Provided, that either of the two governments deem such arrangement necessary.

Treaties-Japan.

Treaty concluded June 17, 1857, (Intercourse.)

617.. ARTICLE II.

It being known that American ships coming to the ports of Simoda and Hakodadi cannot have their wants supplied by the Japanese, it is agreed that American citizens may permanently reside at Simoda and Hakodadi, and the government of the United States may appoint a Vice-Consul to reside at Hakodadi.

This article to go into effect on the fourth day of July, eighteen hundred fifty-eight.

618.. ARTICLE IV.

Americans committing offenses in Japan shall be tried by the American Consul General or Consul, and shall be punished according to American laws.

Japanese committing offenses against Americans shall be tried by the Japanese authorities, and punished according to Japanese laws.

619.. ARTICLE VI.

The government of Japan admits the right of his excellency the Consul General of the United States to go beyond the limits of seven ri, but has asked him to delay the use of that right, except in cases of emergency, shipwreck, &c., to which he has assented.

620..ARTICLE VII.

Purchases for his excellency the Consul General, or his family may be made by him only, or by some member of his family, and payment made to the seller for the same without the intervention of any Japanese official, and for this purpose Japanese silver and copper coin shall be supplied to his excellency the Consul General.

Treaty concluded July 29, 1858.

621.. ARTICLE I.

There shall henceforward be perpetual peace and friendship between the United States of America and his Majesty the Tycoon of Japan and his successors.

The President of the United States may appoint a Diplomatic Agent to reside at the city of Yedo, and Consuls or Consular Agents to reside at any or all of the ports in Japan which are opened for American commerce by this treaty. The Diplomatic Agent and Consul General of the United States shall have the right to travel