An appeal from the County Court is to the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court.

In NEW YORK COUNTY the court corresponding to the County Court of the other counties is called the CITY COURT. Judges elected under the Charter hold office for ten years, and are paid from the County Treasury; salary $10,000. The City Court consists of six justices and has jurisdiction over actions demanding judgment for a sum of money only, or to recover chattels or foreclosure liens within the county; but no judgment can be rendered for more than $2000 exclusive of interest and costs, except for breach of promise of marriage, which may be recovered in any amount. Appeal from this court is also to the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court.

In other counties the County Court tries criminal cases; how are these cases attended to in New York County?

In consequence of the great amount of work for the courts of New York County, it has two courts to take the business of the County Court in other counties, the so-called City Court taking civil cases only, and the Court of General Sessions taking mainly criminal cases.

rmine, and punish according to the law all es cognizable within the county, including es punishable with death or imprisonment tate prison for life; to exercise within the ty the powers conferred by the Code on County Courts in the other counties of State; to try and determine any indictt found in the Supreme Court in the aty which has been sent by order of that t to the Court of General Sessions therein. he Court of General Sessions in New York nty is divided into four parts. Any one he four may be held by the Recorder of county, or the City Judge, or one of the judges of the Court of General Sessions. ustice of the Supreme Court may also hold Each part may be held each month, comcing on the first Monday and continuing ong as, in the opinion of the judge sitting of the District Attorney, the public interest ires; but one part only is required to be in July and August, and two parts during rest of the year.

he court appoints a clerk, not more than t deputy clerks, three interpreters, four

court attendants.

A grand jury must be drawn for the Court of General Sessions in the county of New York, and the county of Kings, and for every other County Court when specially ordered by the court or by a board of Supervisors. An in

dictment cannot be found without the concurrence of at least twelve grand jurors.

What is an indictment?

An accusation in writing presented by a grand jury to a competent court, charging a person with a crime.

What is a grand jury?

A body of men returned at stated periods from the citizens of the county before a court of competent judges, and chosen by lot, and sworn to inquire of crimes committed or triable in the county. The grand jury is an appendage or adjunct of the court. It must consist of not less than sixteen, nor more than twenty-three persons, and the presence of at least sixteen is necessary for the transaction of any business.

Is there a Surrogate's Court in New York County?

There are two Surrogates, whose terms of office are fourteen years and whose salaries are $15,000. Their courts are held at the

county court house. The jurisdiction of the Surrogate's Court is over the estates of decedents. It probates wills, grants letters of administration, appoints guardians, examines and passes the accounts of executors, administrators, and guardians, and generally administers justice in all matters relating to these estates. An appeal from its decision is to the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court.

What is a Court of Record?

One in which a record of the proceedings of the court is kept in detail by an official clerk, and has a seal affixed; the proceedings are "inrolled for perpetual memory."

The following courts are not courts of record:

1. Courts of Justices of the Peace in each township, and in certain cities and villages.

2. Courts of Special Sessions of the Peace in each town, and in certain cities and villages.

3. Police Courts in certain cities and villages.

4. Similar courts under other names in cer

tain cities.

All these deal with minor crimes and misAn appeal from them is to the

demeanors.

County Court.

What court determines minor crimes in the city of New York?

The Court of SPECIAL SESSIONS. It has jurisdiction to try all complaints for misdemeanors except libel, unless the defendant elects to be tried at the Court of General Sessions, or unless the Court of Special Sessions sends the case to the Court of General Sessions for trial. For the purposes of administration in this court the city of New York is divided. The first division includes the boroughs of the Bronx and Manhattan, the second division the boroughs of Brooklyn, Queens, and Richmond.

All the justices of this court are appointed by the Mayor, who also fills vacancies. The term of office is ten years. The salary of justices in the first division is $7000; in the borough of Brooklyn $6000, in the boroughs of Queens and Richmond $5000.

In the first division there are twelve jus