until their successors are elected and qualified. They are all obliged to reside at Richmond during their term of service. The members of the Board of Public Works are elected by the people for six years, one every two years. The House of Delegates consists of 152 members, elected biennially from single districts, apportioned upon the basis of the white population. The Senate, apportioned upon the basis of population and taxation combined, consists of 50 members elected for four years, one half every two years, from single districts. The sessions of the Legislature are biennial; no session can last more than 90 days, except by a vote of three fifths of all the members; and then it shall not be extended more than 30 days. The last session commenced the 1st Monday in December, 1859. The pay of senators and members is $4 a day and mileage. JUDICIARY. For the administration of justice there are established County Courts, Circuit Courts, District Courts, and a Supreme Court of Appeals. The County Courts are held monthly in each county, by not less than three nor more than five justices. These justices are thus chosen by the people. Each county is divided into districts, and each district elects four justices for the term of four years. These justices elect one of their own number to attend each term of the court. The State is divided into 21 circuits. The voters in each circuit elect a judge for eight years, who must be 30 years old and reside in the circuit. Two Circuit Courts are held annually in each county by each judge. These 21 circuits form 10 districts, and these 10 districts form 5 sections. The voters of each section elect a judge of the Court of Appeals, who must be 35 years old and reside in his section. The judges of these five sections constitute the Court of Appeals; any three of whom may hold the court, which has jurisdiction, except in certain specified cases, where the matter in controversy is not less than $500 in value. This court sits at Richmond from January 5th to March 5th, from April 1st to May 14th, from October 15th to December 15th, and at Lewisburg on the 2d Monday in July, the term to last ninety days if necessary. District Courts are held once every year in each district, by the judges of the circuits constituting the section and the judge of the Supreme Court for the section, any three of whom may hold the court. The Court of Appeals and the District Courts appoint their officers, but in the Circuit and County Courts the officers of the court are elected by the people. For the prevention of crime, each county in the several circuits elects a prosecuting attorney. Section. Name. Court of Appeals. Residence. Term began. Term ends. Salary. 1. William Daniel, of Lynchburg, July 1, 1852, July 1, 1864, $3,000 2. R. C. L. Moncure, of Fredericksburg, 3. Wm. J. Robertson, of Charlottesville, 4. John J. Allen, of Pattonsburg, 5. George Hay Lee, of Clarksburg, 66 3,000 "1859, 66 3,000 " 1852, 3,000 Public Debt, October 1, 1859, and October 1, 1860. By the last Constitution, and by the Act creating the Sinking Fund, it becomes necessary to divide the debt of the State into two parts, that created previously to January 1, 1852, which is called the old debt, and that created since that time to the present as new debt. There is an annual charge upon the Treasury of the State of the sum of $ 838,028.68 to pay the interest due to holders of the same, and for the purposes of redemption, until the debt due January 1, 1852, is paid. Upon the debt created since Jan. 1, 1852, there is an annual charge of 7 per cent, or 1 per cent over the interest due, for the purpose of investment, to redeem the debt after 34 years from the time of its issue. Old debt, outstanding Jan. 1, 1852, New debt, created since Jan. 1, 1852, Of which the State has for investment, Actual outstanding debt, October 1, 1859, Add former and subsequent appropriations, Guaranteed bonds of James River and Kanawha Canal, Guaranteed bonds of Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Total of all debts and liabilities, The condition of the public debt, Oct. 1, 1860, was as follows: $10,709,995.30 19,480,321.33 $30,190,316.63 1,083,657.20 $29,106,659.43 8,520,000.00 2,260,000.00 500,000.00 $40,386,659.43 $18,758,641 63 12,624,500.00 1,865,000.00 $33,248,141.63 $838,028.68 1,344,972.48 $2,183,001.16 1,782,164.66 $400,836.40 Which will give $206,033.29 for redemption, and $194,803.21 for investment. Funds and Resources of the Commonwealth, Sept. 30, 1859. Amount held by the Commonwealth proper, Amount held by the Internal Improvement Fund, Total productive and unproductive, $2,511,745.33 32,845,724.49 $35,357,469.82 The productive funds amounted to $ 10,057,540.06. The funds which were unproductive, but were more or less available, and secured by mortgages, &c., and stocks in improvements not completed, and in improvements completed but not productive, amounted to $25,299,929.76. These investments are here stated at their par value. It is impossible to ascertain the intrinsic, or even the true market value. Many could not be sold at all. Others, which are quoted in the market at various rates, could be sold only in small quantities, and would com mand very little if offered for sale at once. There are yet others, which might be sold at fair rates, if the sales were gradually and judiciously made. Receipts and Expenditures on Account of the Commonwealth for the Year ending September 30, 1859. Total receipts for the year on account of this fund from all sources, Total disbursements, Excess of receipts, $4,326,549.67 4,222,536.81 $104,012.86 The entire movements of the treasury in 1857 were, receipts, $5,114,089.52; disbursements, $4,734,117.60. Balance, $379,971.92. In regard to taxation and the contracting of debts and the payment of the State debt, the Constitution provides as follows:— "The yeas and nays shall be taken on all tax and appropriation bills. No incorporated company shall be released from its liability to the State, nor shall the faith of the State be pledged for the debts of any company. Seven per cent of the State debt existing January 1, 1852, shall be annually set apart as a sinking fund to redeem said debt. No loans shall be contracted irredeemable for a period of over 34 years. Whenever a debt is contracted, there shall be set apart, annually, for 34 years, a sum exceeding by one per cent the aggregate amount of the annual interest agreed to be paid thereon at the time of its contraction, which sum shall be a part of the sinking fund. Stocks held by the Commonwealth may be sold, but the proceeds must be applied to the payment of the public debt." Banks. For the number and condition of the banks in Virginia, in January, 1860, see the table, ante, page 231. Schools. The returns are imperfect. Those for the year ending September 30, 1858, give the number of School Commissioners in 131 counties and 1 town, 1,522; schools in 101 counties, 3,847; poor children in 74 counties and I town, 56,743; poor children sent to school in 125 counties and 3 towns, 54,232. Expended for tuition of poor children at the common schools, including all their school expenses, in 131 counties and 3 towns, $160,530.42; average attendance of each poor child at school, nearly 59 days, 12 scholastic weeks; average cost per annum of each poor child sent to school, $2.96. The Governor, Treasurer, Auditors, and Registers are, ex officio, the Board of the Literary Fund. The available capital of the literary fund, October 1, 1859, was $ 1,833,420.17. Taxation in 1859. The items of taxation and amount of taxes thereon were lots, improved and unimproved, $238,255; lands, do., $ 1,262,436; other property, exclusive of slaves, $493,239. The rate of taxation on the foregoing was 40 cents on each $100. 207,195 white males, at 80 cents, $ 165,756; 9,334 free negroes, between 21 and 55 years, at $1 each, $9,334; 273,170 slaves, of and over 12 years of age, at $1.20 each, $327,804; fees of office, $5,594; income, $31,028; interest or profits, $56,430; dividends, $10,454; toll-bridges and ferries, $3,515; collateral inheritance tax, $3,224; licenses, $509,647 ; total taxation, $3,120,922. Of which it is estimated that $2,778,332 were applicable to the ordinary expenses of government. In 1858 the amount so applicable was $2,740,970; in 1857, $2,790,613. Eastern Lunatic Asylum, Williamsburg. The number of patients in the asylum, October 1, 1857, was 257, 147 males and 110 females; admitted during the two years ending September 30, 1859, 167, 26 males and 71 females. Discharged, 62, 39 males and 23 females. Died, 59, 31 males and 28 females. Escaped 2. Leaving in the Asylum, October 1, 1859, 300, 174 males and 126 females. Receipts for the two years, $133,037. Expenses, $110,916. Western Lunatic Asylum, Staunton. — Patients in the Asylum, October 1, 1857, 389, 228 males and 161 females; admitted during the two years ending September 30, 1859, 102. 52 males and 50 females; discharged, 119, 61 males and 58 females; leaving, October 1, 1859, 372, 219 males and 153 females. Of the 119 discharged, 62 were recovered, 6 much improved, 3 improved, 6 unimproved, 2 eloped, and 40 died. Another Asylum has been established west of the Alleghany Mountains. It is opposite the town of Weston, on the west side of the west fork of the Monongahela River. 269 acres of land have been purchased for $9,809.12, and buildings for the Asylum are in the process of erection, after approved plans. Instilution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind, Staunton. — The number of pupils in the institution, September 30, 1859, was 125, being 83 deaf mutes, 47 boys and 36 girls; and 42 blind pupils, 29 boys and 13 girls. The expenses for the "support account" for 1859, were $28,032.05. Penitentiary, Richmond. — October 1, 1858, there were in the prison, 351, 250 white males, 4 white females, 90 colored males, and 7 colored females. Admitted during the year, 121; 91 white men and 4 white women, 22 colored men and 4 colored women. Discharged, 131; by expiration of sentence, 80; by pardon, 61; and 6 died. Remaining September 30, 1859, 349; 243 white males and white females; 84 colored males and 8 colored females. Of these, 241, 153 white and 88 colored, were natives of Virginia, and 31 were foreigners. Since the year 1800, there have been received 3,578 prisoners; 2,657 white males, 48 white females; 775 colored males, 98 colored females. 562 were pardoned; 17 escaped; and 596 died. Births, Marriages, and Deaths. In 1858 there were reported 6,359 marriages; 37,249 births, 18,741 males and 18,508 females; 24,097 whites, 500 free colored, 12,652 slaves; and deaths, 14,792, 7,172 males and 7,620 females; 8,252 whites, 313 free colored, 6,227 slaves. The report is prepared by the Auditor of Public Accounts. Capital, Madison. Area, 53,924 sq. m. Population, 1860, 768,485. ALEX. W. RANDALL, of Milwaukee, Governor, Butler G. Noble, Louis P. Harvey, Salary. Term expires. Dec. 31, 1861, $1,250 $5 per of Whitewater, Lieut.-Gov. & Pres. Sen. " of Shopiere, Samuel D. Hastings, of Trempeleau, James H. Howe, J. L. Pickard, G. Van Steenwyk, of Kilbourn City, Bank Comptroller, Dec. 31, 1861, 2,000 All the above named officers, except the Librarian and Governor's private secretary, are elected by the people by a plurality vote for two years. Senators, 30 in number are elected for two years. Members of Assembly, 97 in number, are elected annually. The Legislature meets each year on the second Wednesday in January. A new apportionment of members of the Legislature will be made at the session of 1861. Lafayette Kellogg, Circuit. Judge. 1. David Noggle, 2. Arthur McArthur, 3. John M. Mann, 4. David Taylor, of Milwaukee, Reporter, Sale of Reports, & 1,000 The judicial power of the State, as to matters both of law and equity, is vested in a Supreme Court, in Circuit Courts, in County Courts with probate powers and jurisdiction, and in justices of the peace. The Supreme Court, except the power of issuing writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, and the like, has appellate jurisdiction only, and in no case holds jury trials. It consists of one chief justice and two associate justices, who are elected by the people, and whose term of office is six years. At present, two terms of the court are held annually, at the seat of government. The State is divided into ten judicial circuits. The judges are elected by the voters of each circuit respectively, and hold their office for six years. The salary of the judges of the Supreme and Circuit Courts was raised to $2,500, in March, 1857, to apply to all judges elected after that date. The Circuit Courts have original jurisdiction in all matters civil and criminal within the State (except in a few specified cases), and an appellate jurisdiction from all inferior courts. They have also power to issue writs of habeas corpus, quo warranto, and the like. Terms of the Circuit Courts are held at least twice in each year in every county. A clerk of the Circuit Court is elected by the people in each county. The District Attorneys, elected by the people in each county, are the prosecuting officers in the Circuit Courts held in their respective counties. The County Court, except as a Probate Court, is abolished in all the counties but Milwaukee, La Crosse, St. Croix, Douglass, and La Pointe, where it has concurrent civil jurisdiction in law-cases with the Circuit Court, to the amount of $5,000. Justices of the peace are elected in the several towns, hold office for two years, and have jurisdiction throughout their counties in civil matters when the debt or damages claimed do not exceed $ 100. FINANCES. Total receipts into the Treasury for the year ending October, 1860, Balance in the Treasury, October, 1860, . |