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Court.
Common Pleas,
Criminal Court, 3,000 Wm. F. Ferguson,

These are local tribunals, exercising jurisdiction only in their counties, except the Recorder's Court, whose jurisdiction is confined to small offences and within the limits of the city. From the Court of Common Pleas, Criminal Court, and Land Courts, an appeal lies to the Supreme Court; and the judges of the Common Pleas are appointed like the circuit judges, with like tenures. The probate judge is elected by the people of the county for six years, and the Recorder by the people of the city of St. Louis, for two years.

County Courts.-The jurisdiction of these courts is limited to matters of probate and local county affairs, as roads, &c. A County Court sits in each county, and is composed of three justices, who are elected by the people, and hold their offices for four years. Some are paid $3 and some $2 a day while in session. An appeal lies to the Circuit Court.

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Receipts into the treasury from all sources for the two years ending Oct. 1, 1860, 3,454,778.44 Total means,

Expenditures on all accounts during the same two years,

Balance in the Treasury, Oct. 1, 1860, .

$3,842,841.76

2,137,669.67 $1,705,172.09

The balance in the Treasury is nearly absorbed in payments of coupons on bonds issued to railroads.

The receipts for the two years were chiefly from taxes and licenses. The amount of licenses for merchants, money-brokers, billiards, dram-shops, ferries, &c., for the two years, was $258,317.65. The taxes upon polls and upon real and personal property for the two years, were over $ 1,500,000. The items for 1860 were as follows: polls 160,375, tax $ 60,296; acres of land, 29,696,987, valuation $ 232,821,716, tax $457,773; town lots, valuation $17,972,356, tax $35,944; slaves 111,940, valuation $44,181,912, tax $88,389; personal property, valuation $40,924,776, tax $81,848; tax on money, bonds and notes, $68,347. There were also received, $382,238, proceeds of 400 revenue bonds of $1000 each, sold in 1859 to pay interest on railroad bonds, and $19,227.21, from the General Government to reimburse expenses incurred in difficulties with the Osage Indians. The chief items of expenditure were,Civil Officers,

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General Assembly and contingencies,
General contingent Fund,
Printing, &c. Laws and Journals,

Decisions of Supreme Court,
Militia Officers,

Volunteer Militia,

Penitentiary,

$204,806 Lunatic Asylum and enlargement,

283,221 Institution for the Blind,

$92,462

26,500

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Upon which the annual interest (payable semiannually, 1st of January and July, except of $100,000 payable 30th of April and October), is $35,805. The State has lent its credit to several of its railroads to a large amount. The earlier loans to the roads were thus made. When the directors report that $50,000 are subscribed bonâ fide by individuals, the State issues its bonds for a similar amount; and so for each similar subscription of $50,000, until the appropriation is exhausted. To secure the State, the entire franchise of the roads, their lands, buildings, furniture, and equipment, are mortgaged to the State, and the interest must be paid as it accumulates. The later loans of the State credit were made to the railroads, as follows: for every $1,000 reported as subscribed bonâ fide by individuals, the State issues its bonds for double the amount, payable in thirty years, with six per cent interest. The State takes the roads, their franchises, lands, buildings, furniture, equipments, &c., as security, with the right to take possession and sell in default of payment of the principal or interest of the loan. The condition of the loan Jan. 1, 1861, was as follows:

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To this amount ($ 22,901,000) of bonds issued to the roads, should be added $400,000, being 400 bonds of $1,000 each, sold in 1859 to meet the interest falling due on railraod bonds. This makes the amount $ 23,301,000. These bonds (400) are due June 1, 1861.

The Pacific, North Missouri, St. Louis and Iron Mountain, and Cairo and Fulton roads do not meet the payment of the semiannual interest due on the bonds severally issued to them, and it is paid by the State. The State, January 1, 1861, held stocks for the Seminary Fund, the State School Fund, the Sinking Fund, and State stock in bank, to the amount of $1,103,300.

Banks.ante, p. 231. Common Schools. The interest of the Common School Fund is distributed semiannually among the different counties of the State, according to the number of children reported between the ages of 5 and 20, and is disbursed among the teachers therein; and one fourth part of the revenue of the State is appropriated for the support of common schools. Every county of the State has a common school organization. The amount of the school fund, Jan. 1, 1859, was $595,663; Jan. 1, 1861, it was $678,967.96. The amount apportioned in 1857, was $212,801; in 1858, $248,207. In 1854 there were 1,546 school-houses belonging to the common school system; in 1856, 2,673; and in 1857, 3,382. In 1854 there were 1,780 teachers; in 1856, 2,889; and in 1858, 4,397; 3,545 males, and 852 females. Number of children between 5 and 20 in 1854, 202,658; in 1857, 341,121. Number attending school in 1854, 67,924; in 1855, 74,048; in 1856, 97,907; in 1857, 141,328. The superintendent of schools estimates that there were as many more attending private schools in 1857. The amount of money raised to build and repair school-houses in 1855 was $30,487.05; in 1857, $130,236.85. Amount paid to teachers in 1854, $212,138; in 1857, $497,810.

For the condition of the Bank of Missouri and branches, January, 1860, see

State Lunatic Asylum, Fulton. The number of patients in the asylum Nov. 24, 1856, 135; 71 males, 64 females; admitted since, 122; 73 males, 49 females. Whole number in the two years, 257; discharged in the same time 86; 47 males, 39 females; of whom 45, 25 males, 20 females, were recovered; 12, 6 males and 6 females, were much improved; 5 were stationary; 2 eloped; and 22, 12 males and 10 females, died, leaving Nov. 29, 1858, 171; 97 males, 74 females. Whole number admitted since the opening of the hospital, 426; 240 males, 186 females. Of the 426, 211 were old, and 215 recent cases. Of the 426, some of the probable causes of insanity were, miasmatic fevers, 62; religious anxiety, 22; domestic unhappiness, 16; grief, 25; loss of property, 16; intemperance, 15; puerperal, 29. The disbursements for the two years were $77,841.

Deaf and Dumb Asylum, Fulton. The grounds of this institution contain 18.12 acres, and the new buildings were completed in the fall of 1854. Pupils are received between the ages of 10 and 30. The charge for pay patients is $100 per annum. The term of study is for three years only. The first pupil was received November 5, 1851. It receives liberal support from the Legislature.

Asylum for the Blind, St. Louis. - Established in 1851. This institution has been built and supported partly by appropriations from the State, and partly by private con. tributions.

State Prison, Jefferson City. - Prior to February 23, 1853, the prison and the labor of the convicts were let out. Since that time it has been under State management, with a marked improvement in the cleanliness, health, and comfort of the prisoners. Large improvements have been made in the prison building during the two years 1857 and 1858. The number of convicts, Dec. 1, 1856, was 259; received to Dec. 6, 1858, 310; in all 599. There were discharged during the two years by pardon, 72; by expiration of sentence, 106; by escape, 19; by death, 14; leaving in prison Dec. 6, 1858, 388. Of those pardoned, the terms of the greater number had nearly expired, and the pardon was granted to restore rights of citizenship. Of the 388 in confinement, 46 were committed for murder or for assault with intent to kill; 8 for manslaughter; 225 for grand larceny; 34 for burglary and larceny; 12 for robbery; 18 for forgery; 10 for rape; 6 for decoying slaves; robbing United States mail, 3. 229 were Americans, 155 foreigners, and the nativity of 4 was unknown. None were sentenced for less than 2 years. 147 were sentenced for 5 years and upward. The prison had a library of 603 volumes in Dec. 1858. The number of prisoners Dec. 1856 was 259, Dec. 1857, 344. The cost of feeding each prisoner in 1857 was $35.13 per annum, or 9 cents per day. Of clothing, medicine, &c., $11.514, or 35 cents per day. The expenses for 1858 were somewhat greater.

XX. NEW HAMPSHIRE.

Capital, Concord. Area, 9,280 sq. m. Population, 1860, 326,072.

Government for the Year ending on the 1st Wednesday of June, 1861.

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Councillors.

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Fees.

Fees.

1st District, Rockingham and part Reed P. Clark, of Londonderry.

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of Merrimack,

Strafford, Belknap, and Daniel Sawyer, of Alton.

Carroll,

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3d District.

4th 66 5th 66

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{Hillsborough and part Moody Currier, of Manchester.

Cheshire and Sullivan, Robert Elwell, of Langdon.
Grafton and Coos, Dennison R. Burnham, of Plymouth.

JUDICIARY.

The Legislature, at the June session, 1859, abolished the Court of Common Pleas and added one to the number of the Justices of the Supreme Judicial Court, which now consists of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices, and is the only State Court, except Justices' and Police Courts. It has jurisdiction in all civil and criminal cases (except those in which justices of the peace and of police courts have jurisdiction) and of appeals, civil and criminal, from justices of the peace and police courts. It has also a limited equity jurisdiction. One or more justices of the Supreme Court hold a trial term twice annually in each county, and in some counties three times annually. Capital cases must be tried by two or more justices. For hearing and deciding law questions, the State is divided into four judicial districts, in each of which two terms are held annually. Four justices constitute a quorum to hold law terms, and the concurrence of three is necessary to the decision of any law question. All legal questions submitted to the court must be decided before the close of the term next succeeding the submission, unless a reargument is ordered; and each justice must, within six months from the time of such decision, prepare for the press and furnish the State Reporter correct reports of such cases only as establish some new, or settle some doubtful point, which has not been adjudicated and reported among the decisions of the State, or of such as are otherwise deemed important to be published.

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Cheshire,

Larkin Baker,

Conway, 150 Daniel G. Beede,
Westmorl'd, 225 Silas Hardy,

Sandwich,

200

Keene,

300

Coos,

Grafton,

TurnerStephenson, Lancaster, 110 John M. Whipple, Lancaster, Nath. S. Berry, Hebron, 300 Nath. W. Westgate, Haverhill, 400 Hillsborough, David Cross, Manchester, 425 Josiah G. Dearborn, Merrimack, H. E. Perkins, Concord, 300 Isaac A. Hill, Rockingham, Wm. W. Stickney, Exeter, 412 Saml. D. Wingate, Strafford, Daniel G. Rollins, Somersw'th, 225 Asa Freeman, Sullivan, Alvah Smith, Lempster, 175 Edward Wyman,

135

Weare,

575

Concord,

400

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* Judge Fowler has resigned; his resignation to take effect in February, 1861.

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State tax for 1859, and previous years, 70,875.48 Balance in treasury, June 1, 1859, 27,802.60

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300.00 Total means,

Principal Items of Expenditure.

23,618 30 Interest on debt and loan,

$206,890.39

Salaries, Executive, Judiciary, &c. $ 24,846.02 Railroad tax div'ds paid to towns, $25,280,20

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5,320.69 Temporary loan repaid,

954.20 Notes payable,

7,516.21 Legislative resolves,
3,000.00

Total expenditures for the year ending June 1, 1860,
Total means for the same period,

Balance in the Treasury, June 1, 1860,

State of the Treasury, June 1, 1860.

Total indebtedness, June 1, 1860, all floating,

Deduct available funds, viz. cash in treasury and taxes outstanding,

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8,187.92

30,000.00

45,300.00

7,119.13

$184,445.77

206.890.39 $22,444.62

$82,147.76

32.060.61

$50,087.15

Amount of indebtedness above available funds, There were besides $ 15,592.03 of Trust Funds in the Treasury, which are included in the above indebtedness.

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Banks.-The condition of the banks, on the first Monday in June, 1860, was as follows:Number of banks, 51; capital stock, $4,941,000; deposits, $1,211,552; circulation, $3,117,444; loans, $ 8,330,919; deposits in other banks to redeem bills, $941,199.47; bills of other banks, and checks, $156,397; specie, $253,496; real estate, $75,726; total means, $9,779.933. Savings Banks. - There were twenty-six savings-banks; deposits, $4,860,025. Bank Commissioners. — Daniel P. Wheeler, Orford; Cyrus K. Sanborn, Rochester; George W. Pinkerton, Manchester.

Insurance Companies. — The reports of the insurance commissioners do not present the returns of the insurance companies in such a form as to give the aggregates of risks, or premiums, or losses. Insurance Commissioners. - Otis F. R. Waite, Claremont; Benjamin M. Colby, Sanbornton; Oliver C. Fisher, Henniker.

Common Schools. — A School Commissioner is appointed by the Executive for one year for each county, and the several Commissioners constitute the Board of Education, electing one of their number Chairman, and another, Secretary. The Commissioners for the year ending July 15, 1861, are as follows:Rockingham.- Wm. S. Abbott, of Raymond. Strafford.- - Wm. D. Knapp, of Somersworth. Belknap.-William N. Blair, of Laconia. Carroll. Samuel D. Quarles, of Ossipee. Merrimack. Horatio Merrill, of Salisbury.

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The school returns for the year ending May, 1859, give the following statistics: Number of districts, 2,362; number of different scholars 4 years of age and upwards attending public schools not less than two weeks, 86,708; average attendance for the year, 55,606; number between 4 and 14 not attending school anywhere, 1,212; average monthly wages of teachers, males $25.30, females $ 14.15; number of male teachers employed during the year, 1,104; of female, 3,134. Of the teachers employed 2,556 have attended teachers' institutes. Average length of winter schools, weeks, 10.7; of summer schools, 10.3. Volumes in school district, social, and town libraries, 37,308. Estimated value of schoolhouses and appurtenances, $704,904; of maps, charts, &c., and school apparatus, $8,743;

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