[References are to sections]

DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN SERVICES-continued
rates must be relatively reasonable, 1377.
argument for competitive rates, 1379.
loss of business detrimental, 1378.
competitive rate slightly remunerative, 1378.
must not carry at a loss, 1378.

competitive rates must not be ruinous, 1380.
equalization of economic advantage, 1383.
law against commercial equalization, 1384.
no obligation to make preferential rates, 1385.
due consideration of true differences, 1386.
4. Discrimination Between Different Services
disproportionate rates for different services, 1387.
comparison of relative costs, 1386.
volume of the business, 1386.

speed necessary in transportation, 1386.
whether special equipment requisite, 1386.

care required in handling, 1386.

manner of packing as a factor, 1390.

bulk as a factor, 1390.

density as a factor, 1390.

distance as a factor, 1390.
form as a factor, 1390.
risk as a factor, 1390.
volume as a factor, 1390.

weight as a factor, 1390.

charging what the traffic will bear, 1388.

rates influenced by values, 1387.

railroad not a tax gatherer, 1387.

5. Making of Distance Rates

various systems in distance rates, 1374.

(1) mileage rates, 1374.

(2) group rates, 1374.

(3) basing points, 1374.

(4) competitive rates, 1374.

reconsignment arrangements, 1381.

back freights, 1382.

long and short haul, 1375.

special dispensation from the commission, 1375.

the similar circumstance proviso, 1376.

competition as a justification for disproportion, 1377.

[References are to sections]

DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN SERVICES—continued

water competition, 1376.

rail competition, 1376.

potential competition, 1376.

6. Requirement of Proportionate Rate

propriety of proportionate rates, 1340.

extent of the rule against discrimination, 1341.
difference in rate between freight classes, 1389.
steam coal and domestic coal, 1337.

supply under different conditions, 1338.

water service devoted to a different use, 1338.

difference in use of gas, 1338.

differences should not be grossly disproportionate, 1390.
comparison with charges for other commodities, 1388.
bulk and weight as factors, 1388.

value and risk as factors, 1388.

comparison the basis of the differentials, 1391.

relation of car-load rates to less than car-load rates, 1390.
double first class against valuable products, 1388.

difference in commodity rates, 1392.

low grade commodities at rates relatively very low, 1389.
high grade commodities at relatively very high rates, 1389.
improper to equalize values, 1394.

rates on raw material, 1391.

rates vary with values, 1393.

policy against such discrimination, 1395.

no law yet against disproportion as such, 1395.
discrimination inconsistent with public duty, 1396.
true proportion of the total cost, 1395.

[References are to sections]

DISPATCH COMPANIES

are common carriers, 180.

DIVIDENDS

See COMMON CARRIERS

commercial conditions affecting dividends, 1141.

dividends upon stock protected, 1132.

dividends must be out of net income, 1157.
determining the net income, 1157.

DUE PROCESS OF LAW

imposition of absolute liability, 1433.
requiring service outside employment, 1434.
police power unusually extensive, 1435.
running a road with a single track, 1435.

supervision of the track, 1435.

tending switches, 1435.

ultimate regulation of all monopoly, 1439.

state control not socialism, 1440.

ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS

economic conditions at the present time, 35.

prevalence of monopolistic conditions, 33.

advantage of combination seen, 33.

laissez faire, 27.

economic limitations create public employment, 120.

consideration of economic point of view, 1333.

commissions not precluded from the consideration of economic con-

ditions, 1382.

EGGS

[References are to sections]

classification of, 1237.

EJECTION

may exclude those who violate regulations, 866.

proper time and place, 866.

proper method and manner, 866.

excessive force or wanton indignity, 866.
may eject with undesirable property, 880.
ELECTRIC LIGHTING

1. Character of the Employment

plainly a public service, 113.
public and private service, 243.
effect of accepting franchise, 215.
exclusive franchise for, 51.

eminent domain for plants, 56.
use of highway, 71.

2. Extent of Public Duty

district which must be covered, 273.

profession confined to respective territories, 693.

duty owed to occupiers, 373.

application for electric supply, 411.

refusal to make connections, 622.

lighting house used for illegal business, 606.

favoring its wiring department, 536.

3. Liability of Electric Companies

liability for negligence only, 282.

limitation of liability, 1013.

defective connection, 418.

electric shock in turning, 983.

company cannot give orders as to the fittings, 826.
transformer is involved in the service proposed, 825.

4. Rates of Electric Companies

may demand minimum amount per month, 1242.
customer at first can be required to sign for a year, 1252.
supply to separate tenements, 380.

no discrimination is permitted, 1288, 1300.

reasonable conditions of service, 396.

payment of arrears demanded, 450.

ELECTRIC POWER

provision of electric energy, 654.