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IRITORY

TERRITORIAL EXPANSION.

There have been sixteen additions to the original territory of the Union, including Alaska, the Hawaiian, Philippine and Samoan Islands and Guam, in the Pacific, and Porto Rico, in the West Indies; and the Panama strip; and the total area of the United States, including the noncontiguous territory,

is now fully five times that of the original thirteen colonies.

The additions to the territory of the United States subsequent to the peace treaty with Great Britain of 1783, are shown by the following table, prepared by the General Land Office of the Interior Department:

ADDITIONS TO THE TERRITORY OF THE UNITED STATES
FROM 1800 TO 1904.

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*Includes interest payment.

Of which $3,250,000 was in payment of claims of American citizens against Mexico. Area purchased from Texas amounting to 123,784 square miles is not included in the column of area added, because it became a part of the area of the United States with the admission of Texas.

AREA AND POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES.

The following table, published by the United States Census Office, shows the gross area and population of the

United States at each of the decennial censuses from 1790 to 1900, exclusive of all noncontiguous territory.

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CHAPTER VII.

EDUCATION, LIBRARIES, PRINTING AND PUBLISHING.

THE VALUE OF AN EDUCATION.

In the annual report of the United States Commissioner of Education appears a sheet of statistics showing to what extent higher education affects success in life. Particularly it shows the pre-eminence of the A.B. degree man among the successful, and the inconspicuousness of the self-educated.

The standard of success to which the educational statistics are applied is that which constitutes eligibility to the ranks of the 10,000 or so persons included in "Who's Who in America" -that is, according to the editors, "the most notable in all departments of usefulness and reputable endeavor." These men have all reported the scope and method of their education.

The United States Bureau of Education divides the 14,794,403 males over 30 years old in the United States according to the last census into four educational classes, as follows: Class I. Without education 1,757,023 Class II. With only com

mon school training or
trained outside of organ-
ized schools

Class III. With regular high school training added

.12,054,335

657,432 325,613

Class IV. With college or higher education added.. Omitting those few who are under 30 years old, says this report, the statements from 10,704 notables show that they include: Without education, none: self-taught, 24; home taught, 278; with common school training only, 1,066; with high school

Professor Ramsay, of University College, London, in a letter to the "Times," points out the remarkable part which Technical Education plays in German trade.

"A German company employs no fewer than 70 chemists; it is one which manufactures no product of which it sells less than one hundred tons a year.

training, 1,627; with college training, 7,709, of whom 6,129 were graduates. That is:

From 1800 to 1870 the uneducated boy in the United States failed en-. tirely to become so notable in any department of usefulness and reputable endeavor as to attract the attention of the "Who's Who" editors, and that only 24 self-taught men succeeded.

A boy with only a common school education had, in round numbers, one chance in 9,000.

A high school training increased this chance nearly twenty-two times.

College education added gave the young man about ten times the chance of a high school boy and 200 times the chance of the boy whose training stopped with the common school.

The A.B. graduate was pre-eminently successful, and the self-educated man was inconspicuous.

"From the nature of the case," concludes the compiler, "it cannot be claimed that these classifications are exact, but they are based upon the fullest statistics ever obtained, and the necessary estimates have been made by government experts. It is also doubtless true that other circumstances contributed to the success of these trained men, but after all reasonable allowances are made the figures force the conclusion that the more school training the American boy of that period had, the greater were his chances of distinction.

"It is unnecessary to extend this inquiry to woman," he says, in conclusion. "Education is practically her only door to eminence.'

Of the seventy chemists required, 20 are employed in analyzing the raw materials and intermediate and finished products; 25 are engaged in superintending the processes of manufacture, and the remaining 25 are exclusively employed in scientific work to improve the present processes of manufacture." -Daily Mail Year Book.

NUMBER OF PUPILS AND

STUDENTS OF ALL GRADES IN BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES, 1901-2.

NOTE. The classification of States made use of in the following table is the same as that adopted by the United States census, and is as fol-
lows: North Atlantic Division: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, and Penn-
sylvania. South Atlantic Division Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,
and Florida. South Central Division: Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Indian Territory.
North Central Division: Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, and
Western Division: Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, and California.
Kansas.

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36,620 270 17,898 18,168 17,242 1,268 18,510 22,982 50,316 15,839 1,392 6,803 8,195 4,083 1,558 15,035 1,326 5,918 7,244 5,261 2,277 42,882 6,826 18,492 25,318 18,907 10,485 9,120 912 1,662 77 2,574 3,910

19,490

19,458

52,258

4,925

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