great interest in this cause which is extended daily, the women's associations which are spreading; in short, the cheering signs of progress all over the field. We have great reason for encouragement, and I thank you all for coming here, and I hope you will come again, and as long as there is any necessity for dealing with this Indian problem. We are going to fight it out on this line. I hope we shall have a larger conference each year till Senator Dawes's bill passes and every Indian becomes a self-supporting citizen of the United States.

The resolution was uuanimously adopted, and after singing the following verse—

the conference adjourned.

Let every kindred, every tribe,

On this terrestrial ball

To Him all majesty ascribe,
And crown Him Lord of all-

LIST OF MEMBERS.

Austin Abbott and wife, 16 East Sixty-fourth street, New York.

Rev. Dr. Myron Adams, pastor Plymouth Congregational Church, Rochester, N. Y. Walter Allen and wife, of Indian Citizenship Association, Boston.

Hon. A. C. Barstow and wife, Providence.

Miss Mary L. Bonney, principal Ogontz Seminary, Ogontz, Pa.

*Hon. Erastus Brooks and daughter, West New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y.

Mrs. E. Bullard, president Massachusetts Indian Association, Boston.

John Burroughs and wife, West Park, Esopus, N. Y.

Hon. James H. Campbell and wife, ex-United States minister to Stockholm, Philadelphia, Pa.

Hon. John Charlton and wife, Nyack, N. Y.

Rev Dr. T. S. Childs, Washington, D. C.

Mrs. John Bellanger Coxe, The Lincoln Indian School, Philadelphia, Pa.

Mrs. W. W. Crannell, secretary East New York Branch Women's National Indian Association, Albany, N. Y.

Senator H. L. Dawes, wife, and daughter, Pittsfield, Mass.

Joshua W. Davis and wife, Indian Citizenship Association, Boston.

Mrs. Eugene DuBois, Staten Island, N. Y.

Rev. Dr. F. F. Ellinwood and wife, 23 Center street, New York, N. Y.

Rev. Dr. John M. Ferris and wife, the Christian Intelligencer, New York.

General Clinton B. Fisk and wife, Seabright, N. J.

Miss Cora M. Folsom, the Normal and Agricultural Institute, Hampton, Va.

Rev. H. B. Frissell and wife, vice principal the Normal and Agricultural Institute, Hampton, Va.

Philip C. Garrett, commissioner public charities, State of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Rev. Dr. Merrell E. Gates, president Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N. J.

Dr. D. C. Gilman and wife, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.

Elaine Goodale, Redding, Conn.

Dr. Henry Hartshorn, Germantown, Pa.

Mrs. O. J. Hiles, post-office drawer 12, Milwaukee, Wis.

H. O. Houghton and wife, of Indian Citizenship Association, Boston.

Rev. Dr. George A. Howard and wife, Catskill, N. Y.

Mrs. D. R. James, 282 Throop avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y.

J. C. Kinney, Hartford, Conn.

Mrs. J. C. Kinney, president Connecticut Indian Association, Hartford, Conn.

Rev. Dr. Henry Kendall, Presbyterian Board of Missions, 23 Center street, N. Y. Dr. H. O. Ladd and wife, president university of New Mexico, Santa Fé, N. Mex. Miss Lewis, Philadelphia, Pa.

Susan Longstreth, Philadelphia, Pa.

Miss H. W. Ludlow, the Normal Agricultural Institute, Hampton, Va.

Hon. Wm. H. Lyon and wife, 170 New York avenue, Brooklyn.

Rev. Dr. H. W. Mabie and wife, the Christian Union, N. Y.

Edward H. Magill and wife, President Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pa.
General J. F. B. Marshall, Boston.

Prof. Thomas J. Morgan and wife, principal State Normal School, Providence.
Mrs. G. W. Owen, Ypsilanti, Mich.

Prof. C. C. Painter and wife, Great Barrington, Mass.

*Died November 25, 1886.;

Mrs. Mary F. Park, 175 West Fifty-eigthth street, New York.

Hon. Edward L. Pierce and wife, Milton, Mass.

Moses Pierce and wife, Norwich, Conn.

Hon. O. B. Potter and wife, not here, 26 Lafayette Place, New York.

Capt. R. H. Pratt, not here, Carlisle, Pa.

Mrs. A. S. Quinton, secretary missionary work, Woman's National Indian Association, Philadelphia, Pa.

Miss Alice M. Robertson, Muskogee, Ind. T.

Elliott F. Shepard and wife, 501 Fifth avenue, New York City.

Rev. Dr. M. E. Strieby, corresponding secretary American Missionary Association, New York City.

Augustus Taber and wife, 714 Water street, New York City.

Rev. Dr. James M. Taylor and wife, president Vassar College, Poughkeepsie.

Rev. J. G. Van Slyke, pastor First Dutch Church, Kingston, N. Y.

Hon. W. H. Waldby, member Board Indian Commissioners, Adrian, Mich.

Herbert Welsh, secretary Indian Rights Association, Philadelphia.

Mrs. H. A. Whitman, of Connecticut Indian Association, Hartford, Conn.

General E. Whittlesey and wife, secretary Board of Indian Commissioners, Washington, D. C.

Oliver Williams and wife, Catasaugua, Pa.

Frank Wood and wife, Boston.

E.

JOURNAL OF THE SIXTEENTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE WITH REPRESENTATIVES OF MISSIONARY BOARDS AND INDIAN RIGHTS ASSOCIATIONS.

The annual meeting of the Board of Indian Commissioners and conference with missionary boards was held in the parlor of the Riggs House on Thursday, January 6, 1887. There were present Gen. Clinton B. Fisk, chairman, and Gen. E. Whittlesey, secretary of the Board; Messrs. Albert K. Smiley, Merrill E. Gates, William McMichael, John Charlton, William H. Waldby, and William H. Morgan, members of the Board; Rev. William S. Langford, D. D., secretary of the Protestant-Episcopal Missionary Society; Miss Sybil Carter, special agent Episcopal Church; Levi K. Brown, Goshen, Pa., secretary of Friends' Society; Aaron M. Powell, Phebe C. Wright, and Mrs. Sarah T. Miller, of the Philanthropic Union of Friends' Society; Mrs. A. S. Quinton, vice-president of the Woman's National Indian Association; J. F. B. Marshall, American Unitarian Association; Rev. H. Kendall, D. D., secretary Presbyterian Home Mission Board; Rev. M. E. Strieby, D. D., secretary American Missionary Association; Rev. I. G. John, secretary Southern Methodist Board or Missions; Miss Kate Foote, president of the Washington, Woman's Indian Association; Dr. James E. Rhoads, C. C. Painter, and Phillip C. Garrett, of the Indian Rights Association; Edward H. Magill president of Swarthmore College, Pennsylvania; Justice Strong, Hon. H. L. Dawes and Miss Dawes, Rev. N. A. Bartlett, D. D., Rev. B. Sunderland, D. D., Dr. T. A. Bland, Rev. J. G. Butler, D. D., Rev. Alex. Kent, Rev. Joseph T. Kelley, Rev. J. Owen Dorsey, Rev. Edward G. Andrews, D. D., Rev. and Mrs. T. S. Childs and daughters, Mrs. J. G. Craighead, Miss Alice C. Fletcher, Hon. and Mrs. Darwin R. James, Mrs. C. H. Dall, Col. Samuel F. Tappan, S. M. Brosius, Mrs. E. P. Smiley, Mrs. E. Whittlesey, Miss Whittlesey, Miss M. C. Cook, Mrs. M. Tulloch, George W. Manypenny, Henry E. Pellew, and Mrs. Mary T. Jackson, of Washington, D. C.; Mr. and Mrs. James H. Lee and Miss Lee, of Buffalo, N. Y.; H. O. Houghton, Mr. and Mrs. Joshua W. Davis, of the Boston Indian Citizenship Association; G. W. Grayson, Pleasant Porter, C. J. Harris, H. T. Landrum, C. E. Nelson, Indian Territory; Frank S. Gauthier, Shawano, Wis.; Joshua H. Given (Kiowa), Lincoln University, Pennsylvania; Cyrus Blackburn, Baltimore, Md.; Mrs. E. John Ellis and Julia Chamberlain, New Orleans, La.; Miss A. Parsons, Hazleton, Pa.; and many others.

The meeting was called to order by the president of the Board, Hon. Clinton B. Fisk, when prayer was offered by Dr. M. E. Strieby.

The PRESIDENT. Ladies and gentlement: It affords me great pleasure on behalf of the Board of Indian Commissioners to welcome so many of you to this annual convocation. As has been the custom ever since the establishment of the Indian Commission, at their annual meetings, they have invited representatives of our different religious bodies and all organizations who are working in behalf of the Indians to meet with them. The meetings held during the last seventeen years of our history have been of great interest, and especially to the Board of Indian Commissioners. We are very glad to see the circle at this meeting somewhat widened. For the first time in several years we have with us the representatives of the Episcopal Board of Missions, and, I think for the first time in our history, the secretary of the Board of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, the Rev. I. G. John, D. D., of Nashville, Tenn.

Dr. Langford, general secretary of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and Miss Sybil Carter, special agent of the Episcopal Church, and who is associated with Dr. Langford, are also present.

Our different Indian organizations are well represented here, and we have present also a committee of the Friends.

We have never convened when we have had such cause for gratitude as just now, when we could set our work upon such ground of joy and satisfaction as at the present condition of progress in the Indian matters.

The passage of the Dawes bill through the House we hail with great pleasure. Although in order to become a law it has yet to be decided by a committee of conference, and subsequently by Congress itself, yet it is believed that its best features will be retained.

94

And we are promised the further special legislation this session that we have asked for touching the work of Indian nations in California.

This great progress in Indian matters we owe to the agitation which has arisen from various sources in regard to the question. The Christian churches of the land have done very much toward this progress. The Board of Indian Commissioners from its very origin has advocated these great measures. We owe much also to the Woman's National Indian Association, especially for their persistent letter writing to different members of Congress. I asked a member of Congress the other day how he came at last to vote for a certain measure we had advocated. He said that he had been influenced by letters that had been addressed to him by different ladies; that it seemed as if every good woman in his district had been writing him about it, and he could not longer resist their appeals. [Laughter.]

The National Indian Rights Association, with headquarters at Philadelphia, of course, has from the very beginning been right at the front, on the skirmish line, fighting for progress.

The Indian Defense Association of this city has also had our matters in mind. Taking all things together, therefore, we are making good progress. If you will study the progress which has been made in the direction in which we have been working for the last twenty years you cannot help being greatly rejoiced this morning. At this time nearly 220 schools are tossing their smoke in the air with the smoke of the wigwam. Our large schools, our great industrial schools are all making progress, and their reports show much to encourage us.

If we keep on pushing in the direction in which we are moving, standing shoulder to shoulder with the best efforts and the best thoughts of the Christian churches, and all these other organizations moving in one way, we shall very soon solve this Indian problem; be able to close the doors of this great national poor-house; make the Indian a selfsupporting citizen; give him all he needs and take care of it for him. If we steadily pursue the course that we have adopted, in the not far distant future we shall have no occasion to convene in this way in behalf of the Indians, or if we convene it will be only to come together for the purpose of a general thanksgiving for what has been accomplished. [Applause.]

During the morning hour of the first day of our conference we have usually invited the representatives of the different religious bodies who have schools and missions in the Indian tribes to make reports to us of the progress along their lines of work, and unless objection be made, or some other suggestion offered, we will follow that plan this morning. Afterwards we will determine as to the best mode of proceeding and what other meetings it will be desirable to hold during the day. Probably the afternoon session will be devoted to reports from committees, while in the evening we will have a general public meeting, at which we shall hope to hear the best thought that can be uttered in regard to the progress of our labors.

Who will you have, ladies and gentlemen, as secretary of the meeting?

Gen. WHITTLESEY. I nominate Philip C. Garrett, of Philadelphia, as secretary.
Mr. Garrett was unanimously elected.

The PRESIDENT. I would be pleased to receive any suggestions from any of the members of the conference touching the order of exercises, for it is your conference, and not that of the Board of Indian Commissioners. Will you provide for any committees during this early hour of the session?

Prof. C. C. PAINTER. Mr. President, it is usual for us to have a business committee appointed about the first thing. I would suggest that that course be pursued on the present occasion.

The PRESIDENT. Consisting of how many members?

Mr. PAINTER. Three have usually constituted the committee. I suggest that they be appointed by the Chair.

The PRESIDENT. Unless there be objection, I will appoint such committee, and request Professor Painter, Dr. Bland, and President Gates to serve on the same.

If there be no other suggestions we will proceed at once to take up reports from our visiting friends. Last year our conference opened with a report from the representative of the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions, Dr. Ellinwood. Is he present?

Dr. H. KENDALL. He is not able to be present to-day. Dr. Mitchell, his associate, was expected to be here, but I do not see him.

The PRESIDENT. Will Dr. Kendall then please report for the Home Missions of the Presbyterians.

Mr. KENDALL. As in other years, so this year, I find it convenient to put our work, which is both church work and school work together, and leave the clerk of the meeting, or the Commissson, to divide it up as may seem best.

I will say with regard to our work, that on the whole it has never been in so satisfactory a condition as now. We have had some troubles during the past year, but they seem

to be passing away; reports from every part of the field of our labor are favorable. The unfavorable features have been mainly with regard to New Mexico-Albuquerque, particularly. The Government has taken possession of their building which we occupied and which we partly constructed. A large school had been established at that point, and was in a flourishing condition, when, during the summer past, the Government, after due notice, and very proper notice, informed us that we must vacate. The question then arose as to what we should do.

I want to say one word in this connection, and I might as well say it now as at any other time, that all of this school work is in the hands of the women of our church; the women's executive committee and of the Board of Home Missions. Notwithstanding this notice to vacate, they resolved to continue the school at Albuquerque. In other words, they resolved to buy land, which they have done; to put up buildings, and go on with the school as we had patronage, friends, and pupils. I do not wish it to be understood that we have come in conflict with the Government at all; the Government goes on in its own way. We looked around, however, and concluded that the best place to have a school would be at Albuquerque, where we had a school before. We therefore established a school there, and are keeping the same superintendent and most of the teachers. The school is small at present, but it is increasing in numbers. We concluded that there was no better place, as far as we could see, for a school for the Indians of New Mexico than where we had it before, and we accordingly determined to establish this new one at the same place.

The Government at first proposed to take all the boys, and give us all the girls. Our people, however, did not think well of that, and then the Government yielded, and said we might have boys and girls both, and this plan was adopted, and we are starting ahead in that way.

We are about to start a new school on that line at Tucson. We have not really started the school as yet, but we have bought 40 acres of land close by Tucson as our agricultural plant. We have leased for ninety-nine years sufficient land for building purposes within the limits of the city, and with the opening of the spring which comes very early in that southern country-there being scarcely any winter at all-it is proposed to go on and put up buildings, and to start that school which will be wholly new. I will remark here that we have one school among the Sioux Indians in Dakota. We have nine teachers there, and fifty-five boarding scholars, at an expense of $9,934.81. It is a male and female school. We have among the Cherokees four schools; we have among the Creeks two schools; we have among the Choctaws two schools; we have about thirty-five churches within the same connection, and a thousand communicants. We have 190 pupils among the Cherokees, 104 among the Creeks, and 150 pupils among the Choctaws. Nearly all of these we are enlarging.

At the capital of the Cherokee country we are establishing a new school with an entirely new plant. So also among the Choctaws. Among the Creeks we have two schools, one presided over by the sister of Miss Alice Robertson, and the other by Miss Robertson herself, who ran down just a few days ago to spend Christmas with her girls. She is spending the winter in New York. While she was down spending Christmas with her girls, with 'the magical power which she seems to exercise she secured a check of $1,500 which she had gotten from some gentleman while she was taking lunch with him. She proposes to have another cottage school. We have two or three cottages now, and she proposes to have another.

The PRESIDENT. That is what the Presbyterians call a free lunch, I presume. [Laughter.]

Mr. KENDALL. Yes, sir; a very substantial free lunch.

Among the Pueblos we have five schools; 16 teachers, and 335 pupils, at an expense of $33,199.76. Among the Papagoes and Pimas we already have one school, which is a small one, about 30 pupils, at an expense of about $1,500. We have among the Puyallups, Nisquallys, and Chahalis of Washington Territory, quite remarkable church growth. We have church members there to the number of 312. The schools are really scarcely ours, except as our missionaries have to do with them. Our expenses are really for missionary work instead of school work, the schools being sustained by themselves and by the Government.

In Alaska, where matters were so stormy last year, and where five indictments were out against Sheldon Jackson, everything is moving along smoothly. I suppose, if you see fit, you can hear from Dr. Jackson himself, for he is present, although I have not had a chance to speak with him. He will tell you about his going out to the western islands with a Baptist association on board of a United States vessel. I do not know how many school buildings were taken along, but several school teachers. He came back by the way of Sitka, where these five indictments lay against him, with his colors flying. I do not know but what he had a feather in his cap. [Laughter.] He is here to-day to speak for himself if you will accord him the privilege.