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medical lectures and graduated at the University of Vermont at Burlington in 1827. He located at Lyndon, where he built up a large practice. He became a convert to Homœopathy in 1846 and located in St. Johnsbury, where he continued in practice till his death, October 4, 1867. He joined the Institute in 1854. In 1851 he had, with a few colleagues, organized the Caledonia County Homœopathic Medical Society, one of the earliest county societies in New England.

ERASTUS ROMIG SCHOLL, M.D.

The son of Robert and Mary, was born at Fleetwood, Berks County, Pa., July 21, 1834. He graduated from the Jefferson Medical College in 1856. He adopted the Homoeopathic practice in 1865, since which time he continued to take an active interest in everything affecting its extension, and particularly the organization of the hospital and dispensary at Reading, where he lived. He had served as surgeon in the army, and for several years was a member of the pension examining board. He joined the Institute in 1891. He married Emma Keeley, of Reading, March 5, 1859. He died at Reading, October 13, 1892.

JOHN SCHUE, M.D.

Was a native of Germany, born in 1815. He came to New York in 1839 and entered the office of Drs. Bull and Gray to get a knowledge of the English language and familiarize himself with Homœopathic practice. He graduated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, in 1842, and practiced in New York till 1844, when he removed to Hartford and formed a partnership with Dr. Gustavus M. Taft, which continued till Dr. Taft went to New Orleans. Dr. Schue joined the Institute in 1846. The death of his wife in 1855 caused great depression of spirits, and when sick with dysentery, he refused all medical aid, declaring death was desirable. He died September 25, 1856.

GEORGE ELIAS SHIPMAN, M.D.

Was born in the City of New York, March 4, 1820. His early schooling was obtained at one of the ward schools in that city. He

graduated from the University of New York in 1839. He studied medicine with Dr. Alfred C, Post, and received the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, in 1843.

Dr. Federal Vanderburgh was the family physician of the Shipmans, and the young graduate acquired a knowledge of the German. language that he might study Homœopathy in the language of the discoverer. For the reason that many have made their home in the West, Dr. Shipman's health failing, he removed to Illinois and began to practice Homœopathy in Peoria, but in 1844 removed to Andover, to look after a large tract of land his father had purchased there. In 1846 he settled in Chicago, where he has lived to the time of his death.

In October, 1848, he published the first number of the NorthWestern Journal of Homoeopathy, an octavo of 16 pages, monthly. It was continued four years, completing four volumes. During the cholera epidemic of 1853 his success in the treatment of this disease led to his appointment as a member of the Staff of the City Hospital of Chicago when it was erected in 1857, which, of course, aroused the violent opposition of the Old School.

In 1855 he opened a Homœopathic pharmacy, associated with his nephew, Mr. C. S. Halsey, and when Mr. Halsey was the publisher of the Medical Investigator, Dr. Shipman was a frequent contributor to it. He has written several pamphlets, and, at the request of the author, translated Von Grauvogl's Text-Book of Homœopathy, which was published by subscription in 1870. In 1878 he translated Panelli's Treatise on Typhoid Fever. The following year he translated Grauvogl's Law of Similarity. In October, 1865, the first number of the United States Medical and Surgical Journal (quarterly) was published under his editorial care, which was continued for five years, when it passed into the control of Drs. Small, Ludlam and Danforth. In January, 1871, he opened the Foundlings' Home, in which he continued as director for over twenty years, or up to the time of his death.

He joined the Institute in 1857, and while not a frequent attendant at the meetings, he contributed to its TRANSACTIONS, In 1875, at the request of the Senior members, Dr. Dunham offered a resolution, which was adopted: "That in consideration of the valuable services rendered by George E. Shipman, M.D., of Chicago,

to Homœopathy and to the American Institute of Homœopathy, he be constituted a member of the Corps of Seniors. Signed, A. E. Small, President, David Thayer, Secretary." The resolution was unanimously adopted. As this action was subsequently found not to be in accordance with the by-laws, his dues were remitted and his name placed on the list of Seniors as of 1857, at the meeting held at Waukesha, in 1890. In October, 1860, he undertook the editing of the American Journal of Materia Medica, to be published quarterly, having for its object "the expurgation of the false symptoms of the materia medica." Four numbers were published. In 1855 he was one of the trustees of the Hahnemann Medical College of Chicago, and filled the chair of Materia Medica and Therapeutics for eleven years, from the first session in 1860. He was afterward professor in the Chicago Homoeopathic Medical College.

He married in April, 1845, Miss Fannie E. Boardman (sister of Dr. H. K. Boardman, of Chicago), of Northfield, Conn., who with eight children and twenty-three grandchildren, survives him. Dr. Shipman died January 20, 1893.

EZRA P. K. SMITH, M.D.

Was born April 9, 1817, at Moravia, Cayuga County, N. Y. In 1836, he removed to Auburn, where he remained in practice till his death, December 27, 1874. He joined the Institute in 1869.

GUSTAVUS M. TAFT, M.D.

Was born in Dedham, Mass., December 7, 1820. He read medicine with Dr. Josiah F. Flagg, of Boston, and afterward with Drs. Hull and Gray in New York. He graduated at the University of New York in 1842, and began practice at Hartford, Conn., being the second practitioner of Homœopathy in the State. His health failing, he went South in November 1845, and entered upon the practice of Homoeopathy in New Orleans, being the first one of the New School there also. His success in treating yellow fever brought him many cases, so that worn down with over-work he was attacked with the disease, and unwilling to abandon several critical cases and take necessary rest, he was obliged to succumb. He began to treat

himself, and with success, declaring that the fever would subside the following day, but delirium set in, and as there was no other Homoeopathic physician in the city, a physician of another school was called, the treatment changed, and his death took place August 10, 1847. He was one of the original members of the Institute, and was a member of the "Correspondence Committee" for 1844.

CHARLES WALKER, M.D.

Was born in Belchertown, Mass., in 1800, studied medicine in the office of Dr. Hunt, of Northampton, attended lectures and graduated at an Old-School medical college in Philadelphia in 1827. He settled in Northampton and practiced about one and a half years, when he went to Hudson, N. Y., and studied Homoeopathy under Dr. George W. Cook. He returned to Northampton and practiced Homœopathy until his death, January 17, 1855. He joined the Institute in 1848.

NOAH HULL WARNER, M.D.

Was born in Plymouth, Conn., January 21, 1808. He graduated from the Medical Department of Yale College in 1831, and began the practice of medicine at Van Dusenville, Mass., where he continued until 1836, when he removed to Buffalo, where he remained during his life. He was a man accustomed to think for himself, a habit that was not approved of by many of his associates in the Medical Society of Erie County, and in 1843 he was arraigned before it and expelled on the charge of irregularity. In his diary, under date of February 6, 1844, he wrote: "This day I have made my first purely Homœopathic prescription." At this period there were only one or two Homoeopathic physicians in Western New York, and the advocates of the school had to meet and combat the most bitter opposition. During the prevalence of cholera in 1849 the superiority of the Homoeopathic system was so thoroughly demonstrated that the attention of the community was called to it. The care of his large practice and consequent exposure brought on an affection of the lungs from which he suffered for several years. On the re-appearance of cholera in 1853, his health again failed, and he started on a voyage to the Mediterranean, but was called home

before sailing. He joined the Institute in 1853. He died of diabetes at Swamscott, Mass., June 24, 1869.

JOSHUA FOLSOM WHITTLE, M.D.

The son of Thomas and Mary Folsom, was born in Deering, N. H., August 5, 1820. He attended the Francestown Academy and taught there. He studied medicine with his uncle, Dr. James Peterson, of Weare, attended lectures at Castleton Medical College, and graduated in 1843. After practicing a short time at Francestown, he removed to Nashua, where he continued in practice till his death, August 17, 1888. Dr. Whittle was twice married. September 5, 1858, he married Miss Amanda Roby, and January 6, 1872, he was married to Mrs. Sarah C. Wallace. He was a veteran of the Institute, having been a member since 1847.

ADALINE WILLIAMS, M.D.

Was the youngest of five children (four daughters) of Marcus and Nancy Hall Williams, and was born in Mansfield, Bristol County, Mass., September 26, 1834. Her early education was at the public schools. Later, she was a pupil at the North Bridgewater Academy, and afterward she entered the literary course at Oberlin College. She entered the senior class at Antioch College, Ohio, but was called home on account of sickness in her family, and did not graduate. During the Rebellion she was a teacher at Hilton Head. Four of her father's children were Homœopathic physicians. She attended two courses of medical lectures at the New England Medical College at Boston, and a third at the New York Medical College for Women, where she graduated in March, 1865. She began practice in Mansfield. During 1873 and 1874 she spent a year in England and Scotland. She practiced for a time at St. Charles, Minn., and in the spring of 1880 returned to the east and settled in Worcester, where she continued in practice until within a few months of her death, which took place at Augusta, Me., December 21, 1889. She joined the Institute in 1876.

WILLIAM GROSVENOR WOLCOTT, M.D.

Was born in Shoreham, Vt., September 28, 1818. He studied medicine with Dr. W. A. Hitchcock of that town, and graduated at

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