522

A LIST of the COUNTRIES or STATES with which TREATIES of RECIPROCITY, CONVENTIONS, and COMMERCIAL AGREEMENTS have been concluded, with their respective Dates; and the Dates of the ORDERS of the BRITISH GOVERNMENT in relation thereto.

Such of the above Orders as are marked thus (*) being to regulate the Trade of BRITISH POSSESSIONS ABROAD, will be found in Chap. IX. post.

A complete Collection of the Treaties and Conventions at present subsisting between Great Britain and Foreign Powers has been published by Lewis Hertslet, Esq. of the Foreign Office, from authentic documents.-Butterworth, 1827.

CONVENTION of COMMERCE between GREAT BRITAIN and the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

ARTICLE 1.-There shall be, between all the territories of his Britannic Majesty in Europe, and the territories of the United States, a reciprocal liberty of commerce. The inhabitants of the two countries, respectively, shall have liberty freely and securely to come, with their ships and cargoes, to all such places, ports, and rivers, in the territories aforesaid, to which other foreigners are permitted to come, to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in any parts of the said territories respectively; also to hire and occupy houses and warehouses for the purposes of their commerce; and generally, the merchants and traders of each nation, respectively, shall enjoy the most complete protection and security for their commerce; but subject always to the laws and statutes of the two countries respectively.

2.-No other or higher duties shall be imposed on the importation into the territories of his Britannic Majesty in Europe, of any articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States; and no other or higher duties shall be imposed on the importation into the United States, of any articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of his Britannic Majesty's territories in Europe, than are or shall be payable on the like articles, being the growth, produce, or manufactures of any other foreign country; nor shall any other or higher duties or charges be imposed in either of the two countries, on the exportation of any articles to his Britannic Majesty's territories in Europe, or to the United States respectively, than such as are payable on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed upon the exportation or importation of any articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States, or of his Britannic Majesty's territories in Europe, to or from the said territories of his Britannic Majesty in Europe, or to or from the said United States, which shall not equally extend to all other nations.

No higher or other duties or charges shall be imposed in any of the ports of the United States on British vessels, than those payable in the same ports by vessels of the United States; nor in the ports of any of his Britannic Majesty's territories in Europe, on the vessels of the United States, than shall be payable in the same ports on British vessels.

The same duties shall be payable on the importation into the United States of any articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of his Britannic Majesty's territories in Europe, whether such importation shall be in vessels of the United States or in British vessels; and the same duties shall be paid on the importation into the ports of any of his Britannic Majesty's territories in Europe, of any articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States, whether such importation shall be in British vessels, or in vessels of the United States.

The same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties allowed on the exportation of any articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of his Britannic Majesty's territories in Europe to the United States, whether such exportation shall be in vessels of the United States, or in British vessels; and the same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties allowed on the exportation of any article, the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States, to his Britannic Majesty's territories in Europe, whether such exportation shall be in British vessels, or in vessels of the United States.

It is further agreed, that in all cases where drawbacks are or may be allowed upon the re-exportation of any goods, the growth, produce, or manufacture of either country respectively, the amount of the said drawbacks shall be the same, whether the said goods shall have been originally imported in a British or American vessel; but, when such re-exportation shall take place from the United States in a British vessel, or from the territories of his Britannic Majesty in Europe in an American vessel, to any other foreign nation, the two contracting parties reserve to themselves respectively, the right of regulating or diminishing, in such case, the amount of the said drawback.

The intercourse between the United States and his Britannic Majesty's possessions in the West Indies, and on the continent of North America, shall not be affected by any of the provisions of this article; but each party shall remain in the complete possession of its rights, with respect to such an intercourse.

3.-His Britannic Majesty agrees that the vessels of the United States of America shall be admitted and hospitably received at the principal settlements of the British dominions in the East Indies; viz. Calcutta, Madras, Bombay, and Prince of Wales' Island, and that the citizens of the said United States may freely carry on trade between the said principal settlements and the said United States, in all articles of which the importation and exportation respectively, to and from the said territories, shall not be entirely prohibited: provided only, that it shall not be lawful for them, in

any time of war between the British government and any state or power whatever, to export from the said territories, without the special permission of the British govern ment, any military stores or naval stores, or rice. The citizens of the United States shall pay for their vessels, when admitted, no higher or other duty or charge than shall be payable on the vessels of the most favoured European nation, and they shall pay no higher or other duties or charges on the importation or exportation of the cargoes of the said vessels, than shall be payable on the same articles when imported or exported in the vessels of the most favoured European nations.

But it is expressly agreed that the vessels of the United States shall not carry any articles from the said principal settlements to any port or place, except to some port or place in the United States of America, where the same shall be unladen.

It is also understood, that the permission granted by this article is not to extend to allow the vessels of the United States to carry on any part of the coasting-trade of the said British territories, but the vessels of the United States, having, in the first instance, proceeded to one of the said principal settlements of the British dominions in the East Indies, and then going with their original cargoes, or any part thereof, from one of the said principal settlements to another, shall not be considered as carrying on the coasting trade. The vessels of the United States may also touch for refreshments, but not for commerce, in the course of their voyage to or from the British territories in India, or to or from the dominions of the Emperor of China, at the Cape of Good Hope, the Island of St. Helena, or such other places as may be in the possession of Great Britain, in the African or Indian Seas; it being well understood that, in all that regards this article, the citizens of the United States shall be subject in all respects to the laws and regulations of the British government, from time to time established.

4.-It shall be free for each of the two contracting parties respectively to appoint consuls for the protection of trade, to reside in the dominions and territories of the other party; but before any consul shall act as such, he shall, in the usual form, be approved and admitted by the government to which he is sent: and it is hereby declared, that, in case of illegal and improper conduct towards the laws or government of the country to which he is sent, such consul may either be punished according to law, if the laws will reach the case, or be sent back, the offended government assigning to the other the reasons for the same.

It is hereby declared, that either of the contracting parties may except from the residence of consuls such particular places as such party may judge fit to be so excepted. 5.-This convention, when the same shall have been duly ratified by his Britannic Majesty and by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of their senate, and the respective ratifications mutually exchanged, shall be binding and obligatory on his Majesty, and on the said United States, for four years* from the date of its signature; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in six months from this time, or sooner if possible.

Done at London, this third day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen.

FREDERICK J. ROBINSON.
HENRY GOULBURN.

WILLIAM ADAMS.

(Signed, &c.)

JOHN A. ADAMS.
H. CLAY.
ALBERT GALATIN.

CONVENTION of COMMERCE between GREAT BRITAIN and the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Signed at London, the 20th Oct. 1818.

ARTICLE 1-Whereas differences have arisen respecting the liberty claimed by the United States, for the inhabitants thereof to take, dry, and cure fish, on certain coasts. bays, harbours, and creeks of his Britannic Majesty's dominions in America, it is agreed between the high contracting parties, that the inhabitants of the said United States shall have, for ever, in common with the subjects of his Britannic Majesty, the liberty to take fish of every kind, on that part of the coast of Newfoundland, which extends from Cape Ray to the Rameau Islands, on the western and northern coasts of Newfoundland, from the said Cape Ray to the Quirpon Islands, on the shores of the Magdalen Islands, and also on the coasts, bays, harbours, and creeks, from Mount Joly, on the southern coast of Labrador, to and through the Straits of Belleisle, and thence northwardly indefinitely along the coast, without prejudice, however, to any of

The act of the 59 Geo. III. c. 54. for carrying this Treaty into execution will be found at page 514.

the exclusive rights of the Hudson Bay Company: and that the American fishermen shall also have liberty, for ever, to dry and cure fish in any of the unsettled bays, harbours, and creeks of the southern part of the coast of Newfoundland, here above described, and of the coast of Labrador; but so soon as the same, or any portion thereof, shall be settled, it shall not be lawful for the said fishermen to dry or cure fish, without previous agreement for such purpose, with the inhabitants, proprietors, or possessors of the ground. And the United States hereby renounce, for ever, any liberty heretofore enjoyed or claimed by the inhabitants thereof, to take, dry, or cure fish, on or within three marine miles of any of the coasts, bays, creeks, or harbours of his Britannic Majesty's dominions in America, not included within the above-mentioned limits; provided, however, that the American fishermen shall be admitted to enter such bays or harbours, for the purpose of shelter and of repairing damages therein, of purchasing wood, and of obtaining water, and for no other purpose whatever. But they shall be under such restrictions as may be necessary to prevent their taking, drying, or curing fish therein, or in any other manner whatever abusing the privileges hereby reserved to them.

2. It is agreed that a line drawn from the most north-western point of the Lake of the Woods, along the forty-ninth parallel of north latitude, or if the said point shall not be in the forty-ninth parallel of north latitude, then that a line drawn from the said point due north or south, as the case may be, until the said line shall intersect the said parallel of north latitude, and from the point of such intersection due west along and with the said parallel, shall be the line of demarcation between the territories of the United States and those of his Britannic Majesty, and that the said line shall form the northern boundary of the said territories of the United States, and the southern boundary of the territories of his Britannic Majesty, from the Lake of the Woods to the Stony Mountains.

3.-It is agreed, that any country that may be claimed by either party on the north-west coast of America, westward of the Stony Mountains, shall, together with its harbours, bays, and creeks, and the navigation of all rivers within the same, be free and open, for the term of ten years from the date of the signature of the present convention, to the vessels, citizens, and subjects of the two powers: it being well understood, that this agreement is not to be construed to the prejudice of any claim which either of the two high contracting parties may have to any part of the said country, nor shall it be taken to affect the claims of any other power or state to any part of the said country, the only object of the high contracting parties, in that respect, being to prevent disputes and differences among themselves.

4.-All the provisions of the convention to "regulate the commerce between the territories of the United States and of his Britannic Majesty, concluded at London," on the 3d day of July, in the year of our Lord 1815, with the exception of the clause which limited its duration to four years and excepting, also, so far as the same was affected by the declaration of his Majesty respecting the island of St. Helena, are hereby extended and continued in force for the term of ten years from the date of the signature of the present convention, in the same manner as if all the provisions of the said convention were herein specially recited.

Done at London this 20th day of October, 1818.

FRED. JOHN ROBINSON.
HENRY GOULBURN.

ALBERT GALLATIN.
RICHARD RUSH.

CONVENTION of COMMERCE between His Majesty and the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Signed at London, August 6, 1827.

ARTICLE 1.-All the provisions of the convention concluded between his Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the United States of America, on the 3d of July, 1815, and further continued for the term of ten years by the fourth article of the Convention of the 20th of October, 1818, with the excep tion therein contained as to St. Helena, are hereby further indefinitely, and without the said exception, extended and continued in force, from the date of the expiration of the said ten years, in the same manner as if all the provisions of the said Convention of the 3d of July, 1815, were herein specifically recited.

2.-It shall le competent, however, to either of the contracting parties, in case either should think fit, at any time after the expiration of the said ten years, that is, after the 20th of October, 1828,-on giving due notice of twelve months to the other contracting party, to annul and abrogate this Convention; and it shall, in such case, be accordingly entirely annulled and abrogated, after the expiration of the said term of notice.

3-The present Convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in nine months, or sooner if possible.

In witness whereof, the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have affixed thereto the seals of their arms.

Done at London, the 6th day of August, în the year of our Lord 1827.

CHA. GRANT.

HENRY UNWIN ADDINGTON.

ALBERT GALLATIN.

TREATY of AMITY, COMMERCE, and NAVIGATION, between his Majesty and the STATE OF COLOMBIA, together with an additional Article thereunto annexed. Signed at Bogota, April 18, 1825.

ARTICLE 1.-There shall be perpetual, firm, and sincere amity between the dominions and subjects of his Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, his heirs and successors, and the state and people of Colombia.

2.-There shall be, between all the territories of his Britannic Majesty in Europe, and the territories of Colombia, a reciprocal freedom of commerce. The subjects and citizens of the two countries respectively shall have liberty freely and securely to come, with their ships and cargoes, to all such places, ports, and rivers, in the territories aforesaid, to which other foreigners are or may be permitted to come, to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in any part of the said territories respectively; also to hire and occupy houses and warehouses for the purposes of their commerce; and, generally, the merchants and traders of each nation respectively shall enjoy the most complete protection and security for their commerce, subject always to the laws and statutes of the two countries respectively.

3.-His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland engages further, that the citizens of Colombia shall have the like liberty of commerce and navigation stipulated for in the preceding article, in all his dominions situated out of Europe, to the full extent in which the same is permitted at present, or shall be permitted hereafter, to any other nation.

4-No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the territories of his Britannic Majesty of any articles of the growth, produce, or manufacture of Colombia, and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the territories of Colombia of any articles of the growth, produce, or manufacture of his Britannic Majesty's dominions, than are or shall be payable on the like articles, being the growth, produce, or manufacture of any other foreign country; nor shall any other or higher duties or charges be imposed, in the territories or dominions of either of the contracting parties, on the exportation of any articles to the territories or dominions of the other, than such as are or may be payable on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed upon the exportation or importation of any articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of his Britannie Majesty's dominions, or of the said territories of Colombia, to or from the said domninions of his Britannic Majesty, or to or from the said territories of Colombia, which shall not equally extend to all other nations.

5.-No higher or other duties or charges on account of tonnage, light, or harbour dues, pilotage, salvage in case of damage or shipwreck, or any other local charges, shall be imposed, in any of the ports of Colombia, on British vessels, than those payable in the same ports by Colombian vessels; nor in the ports of his Britannic Majesty's territories on Colombian vessels, than shall be payable in the same ports on British vessels.

6.-The same duties shall be paid on the importation into the territories of Colombia of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of his Britannic Majesty's dominions, whether such importation shall be in Colombian or in British vessels; and the same duties shall be paid on the importation into the dominions of his Britannic Majesty of any article of the growth, produce, or manufacture of Colombia, whether such importation shall be in British or Colombian vessels. The same duties shall be paid, and the same drawbacks and bounties allowed, on the exportation to Colombia of any articles of the growth, produce, or manufacture of his Britannic Majesty's dominions, whether such exportation shall be in Colombian or in British vessels; and the same duties shall be paid, and the same bounties and drawbacks allowed, on the exportation of any articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of Colombia to his Britannic Majesty's dominions, whether such exportation shall be in British or Colombian vessels.

7-In order to avoid any misunderstanding with respect to the regulations which may respectively constitute a British or a Colombian vessel, it is hereby agreed, that all