ARTICLE VI-DUTIES OF OFFICERS.

The duties of the officers of this association shall be such as usually devolve upon like officers in parliamentary bodies.

ARTICLE VII-DUTIES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

The duties of the executive committee shall be such as may be from time to time imposed upon it by law.

ARTICLE VIII-AMENDMENTS.

This constitution may be amended at any annual meeting, by a majority vote upon amendments which have been suggested at a previous annual meeting thereof.

BY-LAWS.

ARTICLE I-MEETINGS.

Section 1. Regular Meetings. This association shall meet at least once in each year, at such time and place as shall be designated for that purpose by the executive committee.

Section 2. Special Meetings. Whenever the exigency presents itself, the president of this association may, and on request, of any three members in writing, shall call a special meeting of the association, at a time and place to be designated by him.

Section 3. Notice of Meetings. The secretary shall send notices of the time and place so selected, to each member, by mail, at last ten days before the date of the meeting.

ARTICLE II-ANNUAL DUES.

Each member shall pay $5 annually, as dues, and when in default thereof for six months shall be dropped from the roll.

ARTICLE III-DUTIES OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

The executive committee shall make all necessary arrangements for the meetings of the association and provide in their discretion for its entertainment, prepare programs of its proceedings, audit all bills against the association, and perform such other duties as may be required of the association.

ARTICLE IV-DUTIES OF TREASURER.

The treasurer shall receive all monevs due the association and pay out the same on the order of the president and secretary, authorized by the executive committee, and shall give a surety company's bond for the sum of one thousand dollars, the expense of the same to to be paid by the association.

ARTICLE V-SALARY OF SECRETARY.

The secretary of this association shall receive an annual salary of $400.00.

ARTICLE VI-DUTIES OF COMMITTEE ON JURISPRUDENCE AND LAW

REFORM.

The committee upon jurisprudence and law reform shall receive and consider from any member of the bar of the state, at any time proposed amendments to the code, and shall at each meeting of the association report what changes, if any, have been made by the legislature since the last meeting, and any modifications of the rules of practice that shall have been made by the supreme court, and in addition to such reports shall recommend such changes in the code and in the practice as shall seem to said committee to be proper and advantageous to the end of securing a proper reform of the laws. Three weeks prior to the date of any annual meeting it shall file with the secretary of this association, a statement of the matters upon which it will recommend legislative action, such statement to embody all proposed amendments to existing laws and all new laws recommended by such committee, and that upon filing such statement the secretary shall cause the same to be printed or typewritten, and that he forthwith mail a copy thereof to each member of this association. (1908 Amendment.)

ARTICLE VII-DUTIES OF COMMITTEE ON LEGAL EDUCATION AND ADMISSION TO THE BAR.

The committee on legal education and admission to the bar shall confer with and recommend to the faculty of the University of Law a suitable course of study to be pursued as a qualification for admission to the bar, and shall also confer with and recommend to the supreme court a standard of education and qualification to be adhered to as a prerequisite to admission to the bar, and shall report in regard to such matters at each meeting of the bar association.

ARTICLE VIII-DUTIES OF DISBARMENT COMMITTEE.

There shall be appointed by the president a committee of attorneys, consisting of three attorneys, which committee shall be permanent and which shall have the supervision of all complaints made to the association against members of the bar of the state. No such complaint shall be investigated unless substantiated by at least two positive affidavits of the facts constituting the conduct complained of, or one affidavit and documentary evidence to support the facts charg ed. Any person desiring to make or file any charges for the purpose of disbarment of an attorney may deliver such affidavits or other evidence to the secretary or president of the association, whose duty it shall be thereupon to deliver the same to the disbarment

committee. The committee shall then fix a day for the hearing of such proofs as may be produced, and it shall give the accused at least ten days' notice of such hearing and permit him to appear and produce before the committee any evidence he shall desire to submit. The investigation shall be made secretly and without any publicity whatever, except such as is necessary to procure any necessary evidence, and if the committee find no prosecution should be commenced, they shall dismiss the matter and return the affidavits to the person from whom they received the same, who shall thereupon return them to the party making the charges without publicity. In case the committee find from their investigation that further investigation in court should be made, it shall be their duty to prepare and file in the office of the clerk of the supreme court an accusation in accordance with section 507 of revised codes, with all acts amendatory thereof.

ARTICLE IX-AMENDMENTS.

These bylaws may be amended at any time, by a majority vote of the members present and voting at any regular meeting of the association.

CODE OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS

1. DUTIES OF LAWYERS TO COURTS AND JUDICIAL OFFICERS. The law enjoins respect for courts and judicial officers, for the sake of the office and not for the sake of the individual who for the time being administers its functions. A bad opinion of the incumber“ of a judicial office, however well founded, cannot justify the withholding from him while actually engaged in the administration of the duties of the office, the deference due the office. Courts and judicial officers while engaged in the careful, earnest and proficient discharge of their duties, should always receive the respect, support and countenance of the bar; and are entitled to expect at all times, from the members of the bar, personal courtesy to a degree equivalent to that extended by the bench to the bar.

2. THE SELECTION OF JUDGES. It is the duty of the bar to exert its strongest influence to prevent political considerations from outweighing judicial fitness in the selection of judicial officers; and to use all its power and influence to place and keep upon the bench of the supreme and district courts of this state capable, experienced and upright lawyers, without regard to party affiliation. It should not hesitate to protest earnestly and actively at all proper and seasonable times against the appointment or election of those who are unsuitable for either the supreme or district bench. It should make a continual earnest endeavor to have elevated to those offices only those who are willing to forego other employment, whether of business, political or other character; and to devote their time and attention to the free and fair consideration of questions before them for decision. In the selection of lawyers for judicial positions, the bar should be governed by an impartial estimate of their efficiency and fitness for the office and their ability to add honor thereto, rather than by any consideration of a personal or political nature.

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3. THE DUTIES OF ATTORNEYS IN JUDICIAL POSITIONS TO THE MEMBERS OF THE BAR. Those members of the bar who are elevated to judicial positions should while exercising judicial functions extend to their brethren engaged in the practice the same personal respect, courtesy and fair dealing that members of the bar expected and required to extend to each other. Owing to the prestige of the judicial position, it is incumbent upon those occupying it to take the initiative and set an example to the bar in matters of professional courtesy and personal conduct. In his intercourse with members of the bar and with persons generally having

business in his court, an attorney occupying a judicial station should studiously avoid even the appearance of unfair or partizan dealing or the suggestion that he has or may be subjected to improper personal influences. In the conduct of jury trials he should avoid the appearance of impatience with views expressed by counsel and the expression of any opinion or of any action that might indicate to the jury his state of mind with reference to the facts. A judge who willfully and knowingly violates canons of personal courtesy and rectitude when engaged in the duties of his office cannot expect the respect or support of his fellow members of the bar.

4. ATTEMPTS TO EXERT IMPROPER INFLUENCE ON THE COURT. Marked attention and unusual hospitality on the part of a lawyer to a judge or the offer of gifts or gratuities of any kind, uncalled for by the personal relations of the parties, subject both the judge and the lawyers to misconstruction of motives and should be avoided. A lawyer should not communicate or argue privately with a judge as to the merits of a pending case and he deserves rebuke and denunciation for any device or attempt to gain from a judge special personal consideration or favor. A self respecting independence in the discharge of professional and official duties with mutual respect, courtesy and consideration between the bench and bar, is the only proper foundation for cordial personal and official relations between them.

5. DEFENDING A CLIENT WHOM ATTORNEY BELIEVES TO BE GUILTY. A lawyer may undertake, with propriety, the defense of a person accused of crime although he knows or believes him guilty; and having undertaken it, he is bound by all fair and honorable. means to present such defenses as under the constitution and laws of this state the defendant is entitled to, to the end that no person may be deprived of life or liberty except by due process of law.

6. DUTIES OF ATTORNEYS TO THEIR CLIENTS. It is the duty of a lawyer at the time of accepting a retainer to disclose to the client employing him, all the circumstances of his relations to all parties to the action; and any interest in or connection with the controversv which might to any extent whatever influence the client in the selection of counsel.

It is unprofessional to represent conflicting interests in the same suit or transaction. Within the meaning of this section, a lawyer. represents conflicting interests, when, in behalf of one client, it is his duty to contend for that which duty to another client requires him to oppose.

The obligation to represent the client with undivided fidelity. and not to divulge his secrets or confidences, forbids also the subsequent acceptance of retainers or employment from others in matters adversely affecting any interest of the client with respect to which confidence has been reposed. In the observance of this obligation a retainer from the opposite party to a pending action in