Academy, military, 338; naval, 341. Adams, John, Vice-President, 314; Presi- dent, 319.
Adams, John Quincy, President, 320. Agriculture, department of, 348. Alabama, secession of, 242; reconstruction of, 245; admission of, 299.
Alloy of gold and silver coins, 102. Ambassadors, etc., 324. Amendments to the Constitution, clause regarding, 247; nineteen proposed, fifteen ratified, 248, 263; three limita- tions, 249; difficulties in the way of, 250; approval of President not nec- essary, 250; publication of, 252; can a State withdraw her ratification of, 252; dates of, 254; first, 264; second, third, 265; fourth, fifth, sixth, 266; seventh, eighth, 267; eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, 271; fourteenth, 273; fifteenth, 280.
Amnesty, action of Congress as to, 178; proclamations of, 278. Annapolis, Convention of 1786, 40; recom-
mended a convention to revise Arti- cles of Confederation, 41. Appellate jurisdiction of U. S. Courts, 206, 207; two views of, 208. Appointments, by the President, 179, 187; power of Congress over, 179; by heads of departments, 179. Apportionment of Representatives, 50-55. Appropriations, 152.
Area of the United States, 313. Arizona Territory, 306, 313. Arkansas, secession of, 212; action of, 244; reconstruction of, 245; admission of, 301.
Armies, power of Congress as to, 128. Army regular, 129; list of officers in, 131;
rules for the government of, 131, 132; pay of officers, 33s. Articles of Confederation, adopted by Con- gress 1777, ratified by the States March 1, 1781, 36; failure of, 36-39; provisions as to States, 154-159; amendment of, 248, 259; Appendix, v. Assessor of Internal Revenue, 334. Attorney-General, duties of, 199; office of established, 352; salary of, 353; list of, 353; assistants, 353, 355. Auditors of the treasury, 330, 331.
Bank currency, 108-110. Bankrupt, allowance to, 98; discharge of, 98; influence of creditors, 98; moral obligations of, 99. Bankruptcies, 91; limited to traders orig- inally, 96; power formerly in the States, 97; three acts passed, 97; voluntary and involuntary, 97. Bill of attainder, 149; case ex parte Gar- land, 150; forbidden to States, 154. Bill of rights, not in original constitution, 264; in first eight amendments, 264; the constitution a, 268.
Bills, how passed in Congress, 77. Bills of credit, treasury notes, 106; States can not emit, 154; defined, 156; emit- ted by Congress, 157.
Blount, Wm., expelled, 70; impeached, 192. Bonds of U. S., 86; not taxable, 87.
Breckenridge, J. C., Vice-President, 315. Bright, Jesse D., expelled from Senate, 70. British Parliament, cabinet officers mem- bers of, 76; power of, 210; may amend constitution, 249. Buchanan, James, President, 321. Bureaus, in the departments, 322; names of in Treasury Department, 329. Burr, Aaron, tried for treason, 222; Vice- President, 315.
Cabinet Officers, 321; salaries of, 322,359. Cadet-midshipmen and engineers, 342. Calhoun, Johu C., Vice-President, 315. California, admission of, 306. Capitation tax, clause as to, 150. Carriers, for free delivery of letters, 117. Census, 50; Superintendent of, 348. Cession of territory by various States, 233. Chargé d'Affaires, 326.
Charter governments (colonial), 25-27. Chase, Samuel, impeached, 193, 194. Circuit Courts established, 196. Citizens, defined, 91, 226, 227, 273; Judge Taney in Dred Scott case, 228; not necessarily voters, 276; right to vote, 280; free negroes citizens, in 1781, 228. Citizenship, privileges of, 226, 227. Civil Rights Bill, 227, 274. Civil Service Reform, 187. Clerk of House of Representatives, 55, 56. Clerks, in departments, 355. Clinton, George, Vice-President, 315. Coast survey, 334; superintendents, 335. Coinage, 100; an attribute of sovereignty, 100; international, 110. Coining of money forbidden to States, 154. Coins, 101; of 1873, 103; foreign, 105. Colfax, Schuyler, Vice-President, 315. Collector, of Internal Revenue, 334; of Customs,335.
Colonies, the thirteen, 24; three forms of government of, 25; colonial Union of 1643, 27; meeting at Albany, 27; at New York, 1765, 28, Colorado Territory, 306; bill to admit as a State, vetoed, 312.
Commerce, power of Congress to regulate, 88; formerly in the States, 88. Commissioner, term not now applied to
diplomatic representatives, 326; of Customs, 332; of Internal Revenne, 333, 334; of Patents, 121, 345; of Pen- sions, 345; of Land Office, 346; of In- dian Affairs, 348. Committees of Congress, 317. Committee of the Whole, 318. Compensation of Congressmen, 72; none in British Parliament, 72; various rates in Congress, 73, 359. Comptroller of the Currency, 333. Comptroller of the Treasury, 330. Confederation, see Articles of. Congress, of two Houses, 48; new one ev-
ery two years, 61; annual sessions, 67; instances of three sessions, 68, 189; each House the judge as to its own members, 69; a majority a quo- rum, 69; members privileged from arrest, 72; members can hold no other office, 75; powers of, 80; or- ganization of the first, 292. Connecticut, no constitution but its colo- nial charter till 1818, 26; ratification (xxxiv)
Expenditures must be published, 152. Exports, value of, for 1872, 91; duties on, forbidden, 151, 159.
of the Constitution by, 288; first | Expatriation, act of 1868, 93; treaties in constitution, 362. Constitution the, the work of the nation, 16; of the nation distinguished froni that of the government, 17; unwrit- ten, 17; reception of, 287; ratification of, 288; Appendix. xix. Consul-General, 327. Consuis, 327.
Contempt, power of Congress to punish, 70. Continental Congress, First, 30; Second, 31; action of, as to the Constitution, 286, 291.
Contracts, States can not pass laws im- pairing obligation of, 154; United States as to, 158; include grants, case of Dartmouth College, 158. Convention of 1787, 41, 259, 260, 283; resolu- tions of, 284; secret proceedings, 287. Copyrights, Congress may issue, 119;
formerly issued by the States, 120; term of, 120; mode of obtaining, 120; international, 121. Corruption of blood in treason, 222; mis- interpreted, 223, 224.
Counterfeiting, 112; laws in force, 113. Court of claims, 198.
Courts of Gt. Britain, sphere of, 209. Courts of U. S., three classes of, 196, 198;
officers of, 199; not open to citizens of Dist.of Columbia and the Territo- ries, 205; powers, 210. Currency, Bureau of, 333. Customs, Commi sioner of, 332; Collector of, other officers, 335.
Dakota Territory, 312.
Dallas, George M., Vice-President, 315. Debt, public, of U. S., 87; validity of, 279. Declaration of Independence, App., i. Delaware, ratification of the Constitu- tion, 288; first Constitution, 362. Delegated powers, 268-270. Democracy defined, 18. Departments, three, 48; Legislative, 48-
161, 314; Executive, 161-195, 319; Ju- dicial, 195-225, 356.
Designs, patents for, 123.
Direct taxes, 82; laid by U.S. but five times, 82; act of 1861, $3; clause as to, 150. Director of the Mint, 334. Disabilities, removal of, 278. District Courts established, 196. District of Columbia, clause regarding,
135; history of, 135, 136; Congress has power over, 136, 137; slavery in, abolished 1862, 138; territorial gov- ernment in, 129. Dollar, Spanish milled, 101; weight in 1792, in 1853, 101; trade-dollar, 104. Duties, power of Congress to lay, 81; act of 1789, 83; for protection of manu- factures, 83; must be uniform, 81; on exports forbidden, 151; forbidden to the States, 159.
Education, office of, 348; Commissioner of, 348.
Elections for Congressmen, 66. Electors of President and Vice-President, 164, 171.
Eleventh Amendment. 271. Emancipation, proclamations of, 145, 146. Embargo act of 1807, 90.
Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary, 325.
Excises, power of Congress to lay, 81; meaning of, 4; act of 1791, 84. Executive Council in certain States, 367. Executive Department, 161-195; 319.
Ex post facto law forbidden, 149; case ex parte Garland, 150; forbidden to States, 154.
Expulsion, 70; cases in Senate, 70. Extradition, 230.
Faith and credit to be given to the public acts, 225; mode of doing it, 226. Fifteenth Amendment, 280, 281. Fillmore, Millard, Vice-President, 315; President, 315, 321.
Fines, excessive, forbidden, 267. Florida, purchase of, 234; secession of, 242; reconstruction of, 245; admit- ted into the Union, 302. Fourteenth Amendment, 273, 274. Franking privilege, 117; abolished, 118. Freedom of speech and press, 264, 265. Fugitives from justice given up, 229; law
of 1793, 230; from another nation,
230. Fugitives from labor to be given up, 231; laws of 1793 and 1850 repealed, 231.
Gallatin, Albert, as Senator, 62. General, office of, 129; pay of, 338. Georgia, but one legislative House in 1787, 48; secession of, 242; reconstruction of, 245; ratification of the Constitu- tion by, 288; first constitution, 362. Gerry, Elbridge, Vice-President, 315. Gold, used for money, 100; reduction of coins in 1834, 101; a legal tender, 102; ratio to silver, 102; the only stand- ard in England, 103; coinage of 1873, 103.
Government, civil, 9; object of, 10; not merely repressive, 11; not a neces- sary evil, 11; forms of, 18. Government of United States, 20-22. Governor, term of office, 367. Grand jury, 215, 266.
Grant, Ulysses S., President, 321. Great Britain. Government of, 18, 19; im- peachment in, 64, 65; cabinet officers in Parliament, 76; legislative sphere in, 210. Guaranty of republican form of govern- ment to the States, 239-247.
Habeas Corpus, the writ of, 146-149. Hamlin, Hannibal, Vice-President, 315. Harrison, William H., President, 320. Heads of departments, 175, 179. Home Department, 344. Humphries, West H., impeached, 193, 194. I
Idaho Territory, 312. Illinois, admission of, 299; constitution of 1870, provisions of, 362-367. Impeachment, power of, in House of
Representatives, 55; method of, 56; power of trial in Senate, 64; if Presi- dent is tried, Chief Justice presides, 64; six cases, 65; punishment for, 65; officers liable to, 191; cases of, 192, 193; two convictions for, 194. Implied powers of Congress, 139; views of Madison, Hamilton, Marshall, Story, 140, 141; reasons for, 142, 143; in- stances of, 143, 144.
Imports, value of, for 1872, 91. Imposts, power of Congress to lay, 81.
Income tax, first levied in 1861, 85. Independence, resolution for and declara- tion of, 34; Declaration of, App., i. Indian Affairs, Commissioner of, 348. Indian country, 313.
Indiana, admission of, 298.
Indians, in the United States, 91. Indictment, 215, 216; or presentment nec- essary for trial, 215, 266.
Indirect taxation, 82. Inspection laws, 159.
Interior, Department of, 344-349; salary of Secretary of, 344, 359.
Internal Revenue, system begun in 1791, 84; act of 1862, 86; Bureau of, 333; amount of, in 1866, 333. Invasion, protection from, 239. Iowa, admission of, 304.
Jackson, Andrew, President, 320.
Jefferson, Thomas, Vice-President, 314; Johnson, Andrew, impeached, 193, 195; Vice-President, 315; President, 321. Johnson, Rich'd M., Vice-President, 315. Journal of proceedings, 71. Judge-Advocate General, 338. Judges, term of office, 195, 197; compen-
sation of, 195, 199; two classes of, 196; in 1869, three classes, 197; resig- nation of, 199; in different States, 365. Judicial circuits, 358.
Judicial power, where vested, 195; its ex- tent, 200.
Judiciary, act of 1789, 196, 199, 204, 211, 214. Jurisdiction, 206, 207; two views, 208. Jury, grand and petit, 215. Jury trial, 213, 219; in criminal prosecu tions, 266; in other cases, 257. Justice, Department of, 352-355; salaries of officers of, 355, 359.
Madison, James, President, 320. Magna Charta, quoted, 213.
Maine, admission of, 299.
Male citizens, right of, to vote, 276. Marque, letters of, 126; signification of, 127; forbidden to States, 154. Maryland, ratification of the Constitution by, 288; first Constitution, 362. Massachusetts, ratification of the Con-
stitution by, 258; first Constitution of, 362.
Michigan, admission of, 302. Military,Academy at West Point, 338; Jus-
Militia, Congress may call forth, etc.; laws, 133; called out three times, 134; number in war of the rebellion, 135; necessary, 265.
Ministers Plenipotentiary, salaries of, 325. Ministers Resident, 325; salaries of, 326. Minnesota, admitted, 307.
Minority representation in Illinois, 363. Mint, established, 100; branches, 100; a bureau, 334.
Mississippi, secession of, 242; reconstruc- tion of, 245; admission of, 299. Missouri in 1861, 243; admission of, 300. Missouri Compromise, 301, 303, 308, 309. Monarchy, 18.
Money, Congress has power to borrow, 86, 87; has power to coin and regulate,
Monroe, James, President, 320. Montana Territory, 312.
National Banks, established in 1863, 109; amount of circulation, 110; advau- Naturalization, power in Congress, 91; tages of, 110; number of, 333. under Confederation, States had the power of, 92; laws of, 92; present inode, 93; case of soldiers, 93; re- stricted, 94; suffrage without, 94; in districts, 95; law of 1870, 96. Naval stations, 340.
Navy, Congress has power to provide a, 130; number of ships and men in 1871, 130; officers in, 131; government of, 131, 132; department of, 339-344; sal- ary of secretary, 340, 359.
Navy Yards, 340.
Nebraska, admission of, 311. Nevada, admission of, 311.
New Hampshire, ratification of the Con- stitution by, 289; temporary govern- ment in 1776, 361.
New Jersey, ratification of the Constitu- tion by, 288: temporary government in 1776, 361.
New Mexico Territory, 306, 313. New States, 232; no general provision for admitting in Articles of Confedera- tion, 232; twenty-four admitted, 232; mode of admitting, 238.
New York, ratification of the Constitu- tion by, 290; first Constitution, 362. Nobility, no title of, shall be granted, 153. North Carolina, secession of, 242; recon- struction of, 245; ratification of the Constitution by, 290; ceded her ter- ritory, 296; first Constitution, 362. North-west Territory, 297; divided, 297. Ordinance for, Appendix, xiii. Nullification of South Carolina, 256.
reck, James H., impeached, 193, 194. Pennsylvania, its legislature in 1787, 48; ratification of the Constitution, by, 288; first Constitution, 362.
People, right of to assemble, 264, 265; the source of power, 270, 370. Pickering, John, impeached, 193, 194. Pierce, Franklin, President, 321. Piracy, clause concerning, 125. Political powers, 210, 235.
Polk, James K., President, 321. Postage, 115; letter, 116.
Postal, cards, 116; money-order system, 117; telegraph, 119. Postmasters, 115.
Postmasters-General, salary of, 350, 359; list of, 351; Assistants, 351. Post-office, Congress power to establish,
114; number of in 1790, and 1872, 114; Department established, 349. Postroads, Congress power establish, 114; internal improvements, 118. Pound Sterling, value of, 103. Powers not delegated, 268; none delegated by the States, 270.
Presentment, 215, 216, 266. Presents from foreign powers, 153; pro- posed amendment, 153, 282. President of United States has veto power, 77; term of office, 161; seven re-elections, 163; mode of electing, 164-171; amendment in regard to electing, 166; chosen by House of Representatives twice, 168, 169; qualifications of, 171: case of re- meval of, 172-174; compensation of, 174; oath of office, 175; commander- in-chief of the army and navy, 175; power to reprieve or pardon, 175; power as to treaties, 179: power as to appointments, 179; power to fill vacancies in recess of Senate, 187; annual message, 188, 189; may call special sessions, Iss; may adjourn Congress, 188; shall receive ambas- sadors, 18s; shall see that laws are executed, 188; list of, 319.
President pro tempore of Senate, 63; com- pensation of, 73.
Press, freedom of, 264, 265. Proprietary governments, 25, 27. Provincial, or royal governments, 25, 27. Public Debt, of U. S., amount of, 87; va-
lidity of, 279; incurred in aid of re- bellion declared void, 279. Punishments, cruel and unusual, 267.
Quorum, a majority, in Congress, 69; in Illinois, 363.
Ratification, of an Amendment to the Constitution, can a State withdraw her, 252; by disloyal States, 253; of the Constitution, by conventions, 259, 260; case of Rhode Island and North Carolina, 261.
Rebellion, disabilities from, 277. Reconstruction of States, 242-245; West Virginia and Missouri, 243. Register of the Treasury, duties of, 332. Registration of letters, 116. Religion, law respecting, 264; free exer- cise of, guarantied, 261. Religious test for office prohibited, 257; action of South Carolina, 259. Removal from office, 183-187. Reporters of the Supreme Court, 200. Representation, 50-55; basis of, 53; ratios the successive decades, 54.
Representatives, term of office, 48; how chosen. 48; qualifications, 49; ap- portioned among the States, 50; number in First Congress, 50; num- bers in successive decades, 54; va- cancies, how filled, 55, choose their speaker, 55; have power to impeach, 55; number of, reduced if the right to vote be denied, 275; number of, 281; compensation of, 282, 359; in State legislatures, 368.
Reprieves, power to grant, 175-177. Reprisal, letters of marque and, 126; sig- fication of, 127, forbidden to States, 154.
Republican form of government guaran- tied to the States, 239; defined, 240. Retired officers, of the army, pay of, 338; of the navy, 343.
Revenue, bills originate in House of Rep- resentatives, 76; Commissioner of Internal, 85.
Rhode Island, no constitution till 1842, 26; the Dorr rebellion, 240; ratifi- cation of the Constitution by, 291; first constitution, 362.
Rights, enumeration of, 268; difference between political and civil, 276. Rules of proceedings, 70.
Searches and seizures, 266. Science, clause for promoting, 119. Secession, of eleven States, 242; doctrine of, discussed, 245. Secretaries of State, list of, 323; six be- came Presidents, 324. Secretaries of the Interior, list of, 345. Secretaries of the Navy, list of, 339. Secretaries of War, list of, 336. Secretaries of the Treasury, list of 328. Seignorage, 104. Secretary of Legation, 326.
Senate, how composed, 56; differences in convention as to, 57: a permanent body. 60: vacancies, how filled, 61; Vice-President the President of, 62; President pro tempore, 63; power to try impeachments, 64.
Senators, how elected, 59; divided into three classes, 59; doctrine of "in- struction, 61; qualifications, 62; in State legislatures, 368. Sessions of Congress, annual, 67; eleven instances of three, by same Con- gress, 68. Signal office, 337. Silver, reduction of, in coins, in 1853, 101; legal tender for small sums since 1853, 102; ratio to gold, 102; coins of 1873, 103; trade-dollar, 104. Slavery, abolished in U. S., 146,271; word first used, 271; proposed amendment to perpetuate, 282. Slaves, importation of, clause regarding, 144; prohibited in 1808, 145; sum- mary as to slavery and the slave- trade, 145; payments for emanci- pation of, forbidden, 279. "Social Compact," meaning of, 12; not the source of civil authority, 13; the fallacy of the theory, 13. Society, the natural state of man, 12; its authority, 13; of divine origin, 14. Soldiers not to be quartered in houses without consent, 265.
Solicitor General, 354.
South Carolina, secession of. 212; recon- struction of, 245; ratification of the constitution by, 288; temporary gov- ernment in 1776, 361.
Sovereignty in the nation, 15, 370. Speakers of House of Representatives, 55; salary of, 73, 359; list of, 316. Special sessions of Congress, 189. Speech, freedom of, 264, 265. Spirit ration abolished in Navy, 344. Stamp duties, 84-86.
State Department, 322-328; duties of, 323; salary of the Secretary, 323, 359. States, their relation to the nation, 21; prohibitions on, 154-161, 273; have not exercised powers of sovereignty, 154; out of the Union, not supposable, 238; not compelled to remain such, 238; guaranty to, of a republican form of government, 239; duties on, enjoined by the Constitution, 241; may not be sued by citizens of other, 271; origin of, 294, 312. Statistics, Bureau of, 331. Suffrage, in Continental Congress, 51; in
House of Representatives, 51; by those not naturalized, 95; in some States, 95; of women, 276; in differ- ent States, 369. Superintendent of the Census, 348. Supremacy of the Constitution and Laws of the U. S., 255.
Supreme Court of U. S,, constitutional
provision for, 195; organization of, left to Congress, 196; has pronounced void but three acts of Congress, 211; list of Chief Justices of, 356; list of Associate Justices of, 357; salaries of Justices, 359.
Supreme Court of Dist. of Columbia, 198; salaries of Justices of, 359. Surveyor, in the custom-house, 335. Surveyors General, of the land office, 346.
Taxation by States, 160. Taxes, power of Congress to lay, 81; di- rect and indirect, 82; direct laid but five times by U. S., 82.
Taylor, Zachary, President, 321. Tennessee, secession of, 242; reconstruc- tion of, 244; admission of, 295; pre- viously a territory, 296. Tenth Amendment, 268; often misquoted and perverted, 269; meaning of, 270. Territorial Courts, 359.
Territories, 312; government of, 313. Territory, of U. S., under control of Con-
gress, 232; Ordinance of 1787 prior to Constitution, 234; no provision in Constitution for acquisition of, 234; power to acquire incident to national sovereignty, 234; eignty of, vested in the nation, 236; relation of, to the Union, 237; differ- ence between a Statc and, 237. Texas, annexation of, 234; secession of, 242; reconstruction of, 245; admis- sion of, 303.
Thirteenth Amendment, 271; ratification of, 272..
Titles of nobility, proposed amendment touching, 282
Tompkins, Daniel D., Vice-President, 315. Trade-marks, patents for, 123. Treason, defined, 219; petit and high,
220; constructive, 220; Aaron Burr tried for, in 1807, 222; Congress to declare punishment for, 222; the act of 1790, that of 1862, 224; no treason against a State, 225. Treasurer, duties of, 331. Treasury Department, 328-335; salary of the Secretary, 328, 359.
Treasury notes, 88; various kinds, 105; made legal tender in 1862, 105; are "bills of credit," 106; decision of Supreme Court as to, 106; not real money, 107.
Treaties, powers of the President and Senate in making, 179: limitations of the power of, 180; case of payment of money, 180; how framed, 182. Treaty, etc., no State shall enter into any, 154; clause in Articles of Confedera- tion, 155.
Trial, by jury, 213; question of unani- mity, 214; by military commission, 218; in the State where the crime was committed, 266.
Tyler, John, Vice-President, 315; Presi- dent, 315, 320.
Unconstitutional, only three acts of Con- gress decided to be, 211. Union, relation of seceded States to the, 246; admission of new States into, 232-239, 294-312.
Useful Arts, clause for promoting, 119. Utah Territory, 306, 313.
Van Buren, Martin, Vice-President, 315; President, 320.
Vermont, admission of, 294; from New York, 295.
Veto, by the President, 77; use of, by different Presidents, 78; not appli- cable to Amendments to the Consti- tution, 80; of Civil Rights Bill, 227 bill passed over, how certified, 319. Vice-President, President of the Senate, 62; no Vice-President contemplated at first, 62; term of office, 161; mode of electing, 161-171; chosen by Sen- ate once, 169; list of, 314; salary of, 314, 359; no provision for filling va- cancy in office of, 315.
Virginia, secession of, 242; reconstruction of, 245; ratification of the Constitu- tion by, 289; temporary government in 1776, 361.
Vote, right to, 280. Voting, various modes in Congress, 71.
War, Congress has power to declare, 126; no formal declaration of, in the wars of the U. S., 126, 127. War Department, 335-339; established, 335; salary of the Secretary, 336, 359. Warrants for search must be special, 266. Washington, George, elected General, 32; President, 319. Washington Territory, 308, 312. Weights and measures, Congress has
power to regulate, 100, 110; the metric system authorized, 111. West Virginia, 243; admission of, 309. Wilson, Henry, Vice-President, 315. Wisconsin, admission of, 305. Witnesses, English practice as to, 218; rights of accused persons to, 217, 266. Wyoming Territory, 306, 312.
Yeas and nays, in Congress, 71; under Articles of Confederation, 71: used to delay proceedings, 71; in Illinois, 363.
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