ALGIERS. 1795. TREATY OF PEACE AND AMITY. Concluded September 5, 1795; ratification advised by the Senate March 2, 1796. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 1.) This treaty of twenty-two articles provided for peace, commercial intercourse, and friendly treatment of the citizens and shipping of the United States in consideration of an annual payment to the Dey of Algiers. It was superseded by the treaty of 1815. 1815. TREATY OF AMITY AND PEACE. Concluded June 30, 1815; ratification advised by the Senate December 21, 1815; ratified by the President December 26, 1815; proclaimed December 26, 1815. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 6.) This treaty of twenty-two articles was signed by Commodore Decatur and William Shaler, and provided for the abolition of the annual payment, for the restitution of captives and property, for commercial intercourse, etc. 1816. TREATY OF PEACE AND AMITY. Concluded December 22 and 23, 1816; ratification advised by the Senate February 1, 1822; ratified by the President February 11, 1822; proclaimed February 11, 1822. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 10.) By this treaty of twenty-two articles the same privileges included in the treaty of 1815 were renewed, with an additional article annulling the special rights accorded to United States vessels in case of war. Algiers having become a province of France in 1830, the treaty became obsolete. 1 ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. (ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION.) 1853. TREATY FOR THE FREE NAVIGATION OF THE RIVERS PARANÁ AND URUGUAY. Concluded July 10, 1853; ratification advised by the Senate June 13, 1854; ratified by the President July 5, 1854; ratifications exchanged December 20, 1854; proclaimed April 9, 1855. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 16.) ARTICLES. I. Free navigation of Paraná and II. Loading and unloading vessels. IV. Collection of customs and other dues. V. Possession of Martin Garcia Island. VI. Free navigation in time of war. VII. Accession of other South American governments. VIII. Most favored nation clause. The President of the United States and His Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, being desirous of strengthening the bonds of friendship which so happily subsist between their respective States and Countries, and convinced that the surest means of arriving at this result is to take in concert all the measures requisite for facilitating and developing commercial relations, have resolved to determine by treaty the conditions of the free navigation of the Rivers Paraná and Uruguay, and thus to remove the obstacles which have hitherto impeded this navigation. With this object they have named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States, Robert C. Schenek, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to Brazil, and John S. Pendleton, Chargé d'Affaires of the United States to the Argentine Confederation; And his Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, Doctor Don Salvador Maria del Carril, and Doctor Don José Benjamin Gorostiaga; Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. The Argentine Confederation, in the exercise of her sovereign rights, concedes the free navigation of the Rivers Paraná and Uruguay, wherever they may belong to her, to the merchant vessels of all nations, subject only to the conditions which this treaty establishes, and to the regulations sanctioned, or which may hereafter be sanctioned, by the National Authority of the Confederation. ARTICLE II. Consequently the said vessels shall be admitted to remain, load and unload in the places and ports of the Argentine Confederation which are open for that purpose. ARTICLE III. The Government of the Argentine Confederation, being desirous to provide every facility for interior navigation, agrees to maintain beacons and marks pointing out the channels. ARTICLE IV. A uniform system shall be established by the competent authorities of the Confederation, for the collection of the custom-house duties, harbor, lights, police and pilotage dues, along the whole course of the waters which belong to the Confederation. ARTICLE V. The High Contracting Parties, considering that the Island of Martin Garcia may, from its position, embarrass and impede the free navigation of the Confluents of the River Plate, agree to use their influence to prevent the possession of the said Island from being retained or held by any State of the River Plate, or its Confluents which shall not have given its adhesion to the principle of their free navigation. ARTICLE VI. If it should happen (which God forbid) that war should break out between any of the States, Republics or Provinces of the River Plate or its Confluents, the navigation of the Rivers Paraná and Uruguay shall remain free to the merchant-flag of all nations, excepting in what may relate to munitions of war, such as arms of all kinds, gunpowder, lead and cannon balls. ARTICLE VII. Power is expressly reserved to His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, and the Governments of Bolivia, Paraguay and the Oriental State of Uruguay, to become parties to the present Treaty, in case they should be disposed to apply its principles to the parts of the Rivers Paraná, Paraguay and Uruguay over which they may respectively possess fluvial rights. ARTICLE VIII. The principal objects for which the Rivers Paraná and Uruguay are declared free to the commerce of the world, being to extend the mercantile relations of the countries which border them, and to promote immigration, it is hereby agreed that no favor or immunity shall be granted to the flag or trade of any other nation which shall not equally extend to those of the United States. ARTICLE IX The present treaty shall be ratified on the part of the Government of the United States within fifteen months from its date, and within two days by His Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, who shall present it to the first Legislative Congress of the Confederation for their approbation. The ratifications shall be exchanged at the seat of Government of the Argentine Confederation within the term of eighteen months. In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty and affixed thereto their seals. Done at San José de Flores on the tenth day of July in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty three. Concluded July 27, 1853; ratification advised by the Senate June 13, 1854; ratified by the President June 29, 1854: ratifications exchanged December 20, 1854; proclaimed April 9, 1855. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 18.) Commercial intercourse having been for some time established between the United States and the Argentine Confederation, it seems good for the security as well as the encouragement of such commercial intercourse and for the maintenance of good understanding between the two Governments, that the relations now subsisting between them should be regularly acknowledged and Confirmed by the signing of a Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation. For this purpose they have nominated their Respective Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States, Robert C. Schenck, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to Brazil, and John S. Pendleton, Chargé d'Affaires of the United States to the Argentine Confederation; And His Excellency the Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation, Doctor Don Salvador Maria del Carril and Doctor Don José Benjamin Gorostiaga; Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be perpetual amity between the United States and their citizens on the one part, and the Argentine Confederation and its citizens on the other part. ARTICLE II. There shall be between all the territories of the United States and all the territories of the Argentine Confederation a reciprocal freedom of Commerce. The citizens of the two countries respectively shall have liberty, freely and securely, to come with their ships and cargoes to all places, ports and rivers, in the territories of either, to which other foreigners, or the ships or cargoes of any other foreign nation or state are or may be permitted to come; to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in any part thereof, respectively; to hire and occupy houses and warehouses for the purposes of their residence and commerce; to trade in all kinds of produce, manufactures and merchandise of lawful commerce; and generally to enjoy in all their business the most complete protection and security, subject to the general laws and usages of the two countries respectively. In like manner the respective ships of war, and post-office or passenger packets of the two countries shall have liberty, freely and securely, to come to all harbors, rivers and places, to which other foreign ships of war and packets are or may be permitted to come; to enter into the same, to anchor and remain there and refit, subject always to the laws and usages of the two countries respectively. ARTICLE III. The two high contracting parties agree that any favor, exemption, privilege or immunity whatever, in matters of commerce or navigation, which either of them has actually granted, or may hereafter grant, to the citizens or subjects of any other government, nation or state, shall extend, in identity of cases and circumstances to the citizens of the other contracting party, gratuitously, if the concession in favor of that other government, nation or state shall have been gratuitous or, in return for an equivalent compensation, if the concession shall have been conditional. ARTICLE IV. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the territories of either of the two contracting parties, of any article, of the growth, produce or manufacture of the territories of the other contracting party, than are or shall be payable on the like article of any other foreign country; nor shall any other or higher duties or charges be imposed in the territories of either of the contracting parties on the exportation of any article to the territories of the other, than such as are or shall be payable on the exportation of the like article to any other foreign country; nor shall any prohibition be imposed upon the importation or exportation of any article of the growth, produce or manufacture of the territories of either of the contracting parties, to or from the territories of the other, which shall not equally extend to the like article of any other foreign country. ARTICLE V. No other or higher duties or charges on account of tonnage, light or harbor dues, pilotage, salvage in case of average or shipwreck, or any other local charges, shall be imposed, in the ports of the two contracting parties, on the vessels of the other, than those payable in the same ports on its own vessels. |