Unfree Labor: American Slavery and Russian SerfdomHarvard University Press, 1 Mar 1990 - 534 halaman Two massive systems of unfree labor arose, a world apart from each other, in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. The American enslavement of blacks and the Russian subjection of serfs flourished in different ways and varying degrees until they were legally abolished in the mid-nineteenth century. Historian Peter Kolchin compares and contrasts the two systems over time in this magisterial book, which clarifies the organization, structure, and dynamics of both social entities, highlighting their basic similarities while pointing out important differences discernible only in comparative perspective. |
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... obrok serfs in four provinces 151 8. Peasant volneniia , 1796–1855 , by year 322 9. Stratification among serfs on two estates owned by M. G. Golovkin , Moscow province , 1746 342 10. Stratification among serfs on the Golitsyns ...
... Obrok Quitrent , dues paid in money or kind Obshchina Peasant commune Otkhodnik Departer , peasant with a pass temporarily working away from his estate Pomeshchik ( 1 ) Noble landowner , planter ; ( 2 ) conditional landholder ( pre ...
... obrok . ” Because these landholders , who were absent in military service much of the time , depended for their livelihoods on “ their ” peasants , the new system brought the labor question to the fore . The establishment and spread of ...
... obrok continued to make obrok payments but also found themselves burdened with tilling seigneurial ploughland as well as their " own . ” In selected parts of the Novgorod region , for example , the proportion of land under seigneurial ...
... obrok payments from them to compensate for the loss of those who fled . In many cases whole villages were entirely deserted . Estate inventories , surveys , and land grants typically described villages as either underpopulated or ...
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1 | |
47 | |
PART II The Bondsmen and Their Masters | 193 |
The Crisis of Unfree Labor | 359 |
Bibliographical Note | 377 |
Notes | 385 |
Index | 505 |