Unfree Labor: American Slavery and Russian SerfdomHarvard University Press, 1 Mar 1990 - 534 halaman Two massive systems of unfree labor arose, a world apart from each other, in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. The American enslavement of blacks and the Russian subjection of serfs flourished in different ways and varying degrees until they were legally abolished in the mid-nineteenth century. Historian Peter Kolchin compares and contrasts the two systems over time in this magisterial book, which clarifies the organization, structure, and dynamics of both social entities, highlighting their basic similarities while pointing out important differences discernible only in comparative perspective. |
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... After complaining about the high price of blacks , New York planter - politician Cadwallader Colden noted that " our chief loss is from want of white hands ... The hopes of having land of their own & becoming 16 INTRODUCTION.
... staples played the key role in the growth of unfree labor . Of course , colonial cities — especially Philadelphia and New York — served as outlets for farmers in Table 1 Estimate of blacks as a percentage of the INTRODUCTION 19.
... York — slavery was an institution of some importance.37 In Russia , the spread of serfdom was less directly linked to commercial agriculture . Exports in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries consisted mostly of " precocities " such ...
... York county , Virginia , the ratio of servants to slaves plummeted from 1.90 in 1680–84 to 0.27 in 1685–89 to 0.07 in 1690-94 ; within a decade servants had virtually stopped coming to the county . By 1700 , when more than one - quarter ...
... York : as late as 1760 about one of every seven New Yorkers was a black slave . 45 Although both the Dutch , who ruled the colony as the New Netherlands until 1667 , and the British who came after them actively promoted the importation ...
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1 | |
47 | |
PART II The Bondsmen and Their Masters | 193 |
The Crisis of Unfree Labor | 359 |
Bibliographical Note | 377 |
Notes | 385 |
Index | 505 |