Panama Gunrunning: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on the Panama Canal and the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, House of Representatives, Ninety-sixth Congress, First Session ... June 6, 7, and July 10, 1979

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Halaman 237 - Our Constitution declares a treaty to be the law of the land. It is consequently to be regarded in courts of justice as equivalent to an act of the legislature whenever it operates of itself without the aid of any legislative provision. But when the terms of the stipulation import a contract, when either of the parties engages to perform a particular act, the treaty addresses itself to the political, not to the judicial, department, and the legislature must execute the contract before it can become...
Halaman 240 - Building, at the hour of 10 am, then and there to testify touching matters of inquiry committed to said committee; and he is not to depart without leave of said committee. Herein fail not, and make return of this summons, "Witness my hand and the seal of the House of Representatives of the United States, at the city of Washington, this 23d day of January 1947. "J. PABNELL THOMAS, Chairman. "Attest: "JOHN ANDREWS, Clerk.
Halaman 243 - No State or group of States has the right to intervene, directly or indirectly, for any reason whatever, in the internal or external affairs of any other State. The foregoing principle prohibits not only armed force but also any other form of interference or attempted threat against the personality of the State or against its political, economic and cultural elements.
Halaman 243 - It has for some time been obvious that those who profit by the Monroe Doctrine must accept certain responsibilities along with the rights which it confers; and that the same statement applies to those who uphold the doctrine.
Halaman 209 - ... persons trained in Communist countries for political action of the kind that took place, assaulted the Zone on a wide perimeter, setting fire to buildings inside the Zone and attacking with incendiary bombs.. .It will show that the Government of Panama, instead of attempting to restore order, was, through a controlled press, television and radio, inciting the people to attack and to violence.
Halaman 243 - December 26, 1933, solemnly affirmed the fundamental principle that 'no State has the right to intervene in the internal or external affairs of another', Have resolved to reaffirm this principle through the negotiation of the following Additional Protocol . . Article 1.
Halaman 219 - Panama declares the neutrality of the Canal in order that both in time of peace and in time of war it shall remain secure and open to peaceful transit by the vessels of all nations on terms of entire equality...
Halaman 246 - take joint and separate action in cooperation with the organization for the achievement" of a number of purposes, including "universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion.
Halaman 244 - Article 41 that all persons enjoying diplomatic privileges and immunities "have a duty not to interfere in the internal affairs" of the host state. This is different from a prohibition against state intervention, and the remedy for Article 41 violations is the declaration of a diplomat as persona non grata and his consequent withdrawal from the host country. The 1970 Declaration on Friendly Relations provides inter alia that: No state or group...
Halaman 219 - ... peace and in time of war it shall remain secure and open to peaceful transit by the vessels of all nations on terms of entire equality, so that there will be no discrimination against any nation, or its citizens or subjects, concerning the conditions or charges of transit, or for any other reason, and so that the Canal, and therefore the Isthmus of Panama, shall not be the target of reprisals in any armed conflict between other nations of the world.

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