west. The total section of the chalk, chalky marl and marl there is 135 feet and is as follows:* 1. "Massive creamy white chalk, in beds from one to ten feet thick, separated by thin partitions of very slightly laminated chalk *** 2. "Massive, dull bluish, white siliceous chalk, slightly harder than the pure chalk of 1. This chalk is practically without indication of bedding, and because of its hardness projects in a steep bench overhanging the less chalky and friable beds below ** 3. "Massive, very siliceous, dull blue argillaceous chalk marl *** .60 feet .35 feet 8 feet 4. "Bluish sandy chalky marl containing great numbers of fossil shells *** 7 feet 5. "Bluish sandy chalky marl gradually increasing in sandiness from the top downward to the level of the river. This bed contains fossils, but not so abundant as in 4....35 feet" The following is a series of analyses of the White Cliffs chalk according to Krippendorf-Tuttle White Cliffs Products Company: The analyses, in order shown, represent the various strata of rock present in the quarry running upwards, with the exception of the analysis of No. 8, which covers a deposit of almost white rock about half way up one of the hills: *J. H. Taff, "Chalk of Southwestern Arkansas."-Twenty-second Annual Report of the U. S. Geological Survey, Part III. Composite Samples Nos. 11, 12, 13 and 14 (60-foot vertical section) 0.00% 11.50% 5.14% 1.69% 79.11% 1.48% Moisture Free 0.00% 3.02% 2.54% 0.89% 92.47% 1.09% 2.000 1.966 Apparent specific gravity of chalk sample No. 3 It is estimated that the quantity of true chalk available in this area is approximately 120,000,000 tons. The Saline Landing area covers an area of about 1,100 acres in Sections 14, 23, 22, 21, 28, 29, 30, in Township 11 south, Range 27 west, and in Sections 25, 36 and 35 to the Saline River in Township 11 south, Range 28 west. The thickness of the true chalk has not been definitely determined in this area, although the chalky beds are probably between 110 and 140 feet thick, and it is probable that the true chalk in this area is less than sixty feet. The following are five analyses of the Saline Landing chalk :* Production. No Federal or State figures are available concerning the output of chalk products from any of the chalk areas of the State. A brief history of the development at White Cliffs is as follows: In 1895 a company from Holland, managed by Dutch people, attempted the development of a Portland cement industry at White Cliffs. This company operated about five years, when litigation held up the operations. No detailed history of this enterprise is immediately available. In 1901 a reorganization of the company took place and operations were resumed under the name of the Southwestern Portland Cement Company. This company's operations were not successful. Their failure has been attributed, in part at least, to the use of silty clays from the river instead of a more suitable clay that could readily be shipped from Tertiary areas a short distance south of White Cliffs. Some years later the Krippendorf-Tuttle Company of Cincinnati, Ohio, again started the development of the chalk for the manufacture of whiting, asphalt filler and agricultural lime. This company constructed a large plant and entailed heavy overhead expenses, and returns from the project were not sufficient to enable the operators to continue. In October, 1925, the White Cliffs Corporation and the Arkansas Cement Corporation took over the KrippenTuttle holdings, including 900 acres of land. These firms were succeeded in 1926 by the Lime Products Corporation, which is operating the property at present. The present plant does no calcining, but turns out ground and dried chalk for the rubber trade and agricultural purposes. The capactiy of the plant is about 250 tons per day. The product for the rubber trade is worth $18.00 to $27.00 per ton and other grades from $5.00 to $25.00 per ton. Producers. Lime Products Corporation, White Cliffs, Ark. H. D. Shields, manager. *J. H. Taff, "Chalk of Southwestern Arkansas."-Twenty-second Annual Report of the U. S. Geological Survey, Part III. Carbonate of Lime, Carbonate of Mag nesia, MgCO3 1. 2. 3. 4. Bibliography of Chalk 1888 Hill, Robert T., "The Neozoic Geology of Southwestern Arkansas."Annual Report of the Arkansas Geological Survey for 1888, Vol. II. Now out of print, but may be consulted in public or scientific libraries. 1890 Hopkins, T. C., "Marbles and Other Limestones."-Annual Report of the Arkansas Geological Survey for 1890, Vol. IV. Now out of print, but may be consulted in public or scientific libraries. 1902 Taff, Joseph A., "Chalk in Southwestern Arkansas."-Twenty-second Annual Report of the U. S. Geological Survey, Part III, pp. 687-742. Now out of print, but may be consulted in public or scientific libraries. Taff, Joseph A., "Notice of Report on Chalk, Etc."-Arkansas Democrat, Semi-Weekly, May 7, 1902. Obtainable from Arkansas Democrat, Little Rock, Ark. 1905 5. Eckel, E. C., "Portland Cement Materials and Industry in the United States."-U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 243, 395 pp., 15 pls. Now out of print, but may be consulted in public libraries. 1913 6. Eckel, E. C., "Portland Cement Materials and Industry in the United States."-U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 522, 401 pp., 19 pls.-Now out of print, but may be consulted in public libraries. 1924 7. Drake, N. F., "Mineral Fertilizers in Arkansas."-Obtainable from Bureau of Mines, Manufactures and Agriculture, State Capitol Building, Little Rock, Ark. The clays of Arkansas constitute one of her great natural assets. These are widely distributed and are found in great abundance and variety. Since the distribution of clays is related immediately to the distribution of geologic formations, a description of the clays is best understood by a description of the geology of the State. From the standpoint of those interested in clay, the State may be divided into five major provinces: (1) The Coastal Plain area (areas 1, 2, 3 and 4 above); (2) The Carboniferous area, which lies between the Boston Mountains and the Ouachita Mountains, and also between the Ouachita Mountains and the Coastal Plain (area 5 above); (3) The Ozark Plateau area (area 6 above); (4) The Ouachita Mountain area (area 7 above) (5) The Igneous area, in which altered syenite is located (area 8). Since the character of the clay deposits is directly dependent upon the geologic formations from which they are derived, the ac |