propriation, $66,000; making the total new appropriation,

$94,800.

WESTERN HOUSE OF REFUGE FOR WOMEN, ALBION, ORLEANS COUNTY.

[Established 1890.]

This institution has capacity for 150 inmates. The number of inmates present October 1, 1900, was 129, and 49 were admitted during the year, making the total number under care 178. During the year 60 were discharged, leaving 118 present October 1, 1901, of whom 6 were children under 2 years of age. The average number present during the year was 130, and the average weekly cost of support, including the value of home and farm products consumed, $4.98; excluding the value of home and farm products consumed, $4.78.

The receipts for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1901, were: From cash balance of the previous year, $2,288.56; from special appropriations, $9,725.36; from general appropriations, $32,730.61; from all other sources, home and farm products, $1,392.08; total, $46,136.61.

The ordinary expenditures during the year were: For salaries of officers, $14,119.45; for wages and labor, $1,177; for provisions, $5,811.37; for household stores, $1,044.79; for clothing, $1,026.04; for fuel and light, $4,896.37; for hospital and medical supplies, $258.43; for transportation and traveling expenses, $499.45; for shop, farm and garden supplies, $1,141.15; for ordinary repairs, $490; for expenses of managers, $480.34; returned to State Treasurer, $58.68, and for all other ordinary expenses, $2,688.69; total. $33.691.76.

The extraordinary expenditures for improvements and other extraordinary expenses amounted to $12,013.92, making the total

expenditures for the year $45,705.68, and leaving a cash balance of $430.93 at the close of the year. There was no outstanding indebtedness, and the only asset was the balance in cash.

Of the ordinary expenditures during the year, 45.5 per cent. was for salaries, wages and labor; 17.3 per cent. for provisions; 3.1 per cent. for household stores; 3 per cent. for clothing; 14.5 per cent. for fuel and light; .8 of 1 per cent. for hospital and medical supplies; 1.5 per cent. for transportation and traveling expenses; 3.4 per cent. for shop, farm and garden supplies; 1.5 per cent. for ordinary repairs; 1.4 per cent for expenses of managers, and 8 per cent. for all other ordinary expenses.

Chapter 644, Laws of 1901 (appropriation bill), appropriated for the compensation of officers and employes, for the maintenance of the institution and for the transportation of those committed thereto, $35,000.

Chapter 645, Laws of 1901 (supply bill), appropriated for deficiency on account of maintenance for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1901, $2,000.

These were the only appropriations made, as the special act carrying the appropriations for improvements and repairs failed to pass the Legislature.

No changes of importance have taken place during the year. Neatness, good order and discipline have been maintained, and the usual routine of reformatory methods has been followed.

With the exception of the main building, all the dormitories are of the cottage type, and afford opportunities for extensive classification. The life in the cottages approaches the family idea, and permits greater attention to the individual than is possible in larger buildings.

The daily routine includes instruction in household work as

well as in the ordinary studies of the public schools. To make these women self-respecting they must be taught to be selfsupporting, and be fitted to command honorable employment. The reformatory training should insist upon expert work, and should be sufficiently varied in character to provide for those of different degrees of ability and intelligence.

A house has been built for the coachman and a barn for the horses. Both are near enough to the administration building to be convenient, yet are outside the fences.

The hospital contains few inmates, as the general health has been excellent.

The Board wishes to take this occasion, very earnestly to call attention to the condition of the buildings of this institution, so far as possibilities of escape in the event of fire are concerned.

The staircases in all the dormitories are small; there is only one staircase from the second floor in each building, and all the windows are barred. There are no exits or fire-escapes of any description, and all the women in the so-called prison house are individually locked in their cells at night, and would consequently be almost entirely helpless should a fire break out.

Such a condition of affairs is, in the opinion of the Board, sufficiently serious to need very prompt and urgent consideration. The Board would recommend having the window gratings at the ends of the hallways on the second floors in each cottage on hinges, and fastened so that it would be possible to open them either from above or on the ground below, outside.

The Board would also recommend that, in case it is considered necessary or essential by the management of the institution to lock the women in cells at night in the prison-house, the system of locking be changed so that all the cells in each corridor can be unlocked by one lever.

No reformation of character will be lasting unless it is based upon sound principles. Many young mothers are sent heretheir infants with them. If the mother is separated from her child her sense of responsibility is deadened and the restraining influence of a child's appeal to its mother is lost. The administration of the Refuge may be made easier, but the tendency toward reformation is decidedly weakened. It is false economy to sacrifice an important permanent interest for a minor temporary gain; hence the Board of Managers strives to keep together mother and child while in the Refuge, and to induce the mothers to undertake the support of their children after discharge, for it is felt that the development and deepening of mother-love will be a source of moral power when temptations again assail them.

The Board recommends the following appropriations, or so much thereof as may be necessary, to this institution:

For fencing, $350; for changes in the Refuge or main building, $1,200; for conduit and manholes, $2,000; for finishing off second story of hospital building and dividing it into rooms, $1,800; for spray baths and additional bath rooms in hospital, $750; for improvement to the electrical plant, $2,000; for safe, $300; for installing watchman's clock system, $125; for cement walks, $300; for carriage, harness and equipment and exchange of the horses now in use, $800; for spray baths, $2,500; for changing heating system in four cottages, $1,200; for fire protection, $2,500; for cell doors and locking devices, $2,000; for improving economy of steam plant, $150; making the special appropriations approved of, $17,975; maintenance appropriation, $37,000, mak ing the total appropriation, $54,975.

NEW YORK STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN, BEDFORD,

WESTCHESTER COUNTY.

[Established 1892.]

This institution has capacity for 236 inmates. The institution was opened for inmates May 11, 1901, and 30 were admitted during the year. Three have been discharged, thus leaving 27 present October 1, 1901. The average number was 15, and the average weekly cost of support, including the value of home and farm products consumed, $25.77; excluding the value of home and farm. products consumed, $25.

The receipts for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1901, were: From cash balance of the previous year, $261.18; from special appropriations, $29,734.66; from unexpended appropriations of former years, $17,739.32; from general appropriations, $14,307.18; total, $62,042.34.

The ordinary expenditures during the year were: For salaries of officers, wages and labor, $8,259.85; for provisions, $827.05; for household stores, $272.52; for clothing, $552.25; for fuel and light, $2,308.90; for hospital and medical supplies, $109.13; for trans portation and traveling expenses, $68.02; for shop, farm and garden, supplies, $557.04; for ordinary repairs, $416.70; for expenses of managers, $538.89; and for all other ordinary expenses, $712.65; total ordinary expenditures, $14,623.

The extraordinary expenditures for buildings and improvements, for repairs and general equipment, amounted to $47,474.03, making the total ordinary and extraordinary expenditures $62,097.03, indicating a deficit of $54.69 at the close of the

year.

Of the ordinary expenditures during the year 56.5 per cent. was for salaries, wages and labor; 5.6 per cent. for provisions; 1.9