The ordinary expenditures for the year were: For salaries of officers, $19,698.19; for wages and labor, $7,322.34; for provisions, $12,426.24; for household stores, $2,211.17; for clothing, $2,691.39; for fuel and light, $8,237.23; for hospital and medical supplies, $333.62; for transportation and traveling expenses, $1,646.81; for shop, farm and garden supplies, $1,712.63; for ordinary repairs, $407.41; for expenses of managers, $384.75; returned to State Treasurer, $236.20; for all other ordinary expenses, $4,330.43; total, $61,638.41.

The extraordinary expenditures were reported as $11,246.63, making the total expenditures for the year $72,885.04. The cash balance October 1, 1901, the only asset, was $1,080.58, and the outstanding indebtedness was $137.26 for bills unpaid.

Of the ordinary expenditures during the year, 44 per cent. was for salaries, wages and labor; 20.2 per cent. for provisions; 3.6 per cent. for household stores; 4.4 per cent. for clothing; 13.4 per cent. for fuel and light; .5 of 1 per cent. for hospital and medical supplies; 2.7 per cent. for transportation and traveling expenses; 2.8 per cent. for shop, farm and garden supplies; .7 of 1 per cent. for ordinary repairs; .6 of 1 per cent. for expenses of managers; and 7.1 per cent. for all other ordinary expenses.

Chapter 644, Laws of 1901 (appropriation bill), appropriated for the compensation of officers and employes, for the maintenance of the institution and for the transportation of the convicts, $66,000.

Chapter 324, Laws of 1901 (special act), appropriated for covering steam pipes, $1,000; repairs to cottages, $2,000; metal ceilings, $2,000; general repairs, $2,000; gymnasium equipment, $500; and for repairs to the steam plant, $5,000.

The sum of $400 appropriated by chapter 294, Laws of 1900, for

a carriage shed near gate-house was reappropriated as an additional appropriation for building guard-house for confinement of refractory inmates authorized by chapter 294, Laws of 1900.

Of certain appropriations made by chapter 569, Laws of 1899, there were reappropriated as additional appropriations for building guard-house for confinement of refractory inmates authorized by chapter 294, Laws of 1900, the following unexpended balances: The sum of $444.54, an unexpended balance of an appropriation for flooring in cottages; the sum of $90, an unexpended balance of an appropriation for tile drain at boiler house; the sum of $27.80, an unexpended balance of an appropriation for fencing yard behind prison, leveling and graveling.

Of an appropriation of $13,500 made by chapter 294, Laws of 1900, for plumbing in cottages and administration building, $1,000 was reappropriated for plumbing and steam piping and connections of the guard-house for confinement of refractory women as authorized by chapter 294, Laws of 1900; and the remainder of said appropriation, namely, $12,500, was reappropriated for plumbing in cottages and administration building.

The special new appropriations amounted to $12,500, and the total appropriations available were $92,962.34.

When the present Board of Managers assumed charge of this institution the conditions which surrounded it were most disheartening. Through the intelligent and persistent efforts of the Managers, obstacles which at first interfered with the due and orderly progress of work in the institution have been largely overcome, and conditions now show great improvement. No important changes have been made to the buildings and grounds during the year, with one exception-a guard-house has been erected and is about ready for service. A number of repairs

have been made, but much remains to be done in the way of betterment.

The disappearance of embarrassing traditions handed down from former administrations indicates decided progress. The introduction of more modern methods of discipline and the change in the general atmosphere of the institution have assisted in the improvement of conditions. Efforts are made to encourage the inmates, and thus assist them to regain their lost standing in society. This new and hopeful influence has been observed by the Commissioners of the State Board of Charities in their visits, and has been mentioned in the reports of its inspectors.

In the report of the Board of Managers for the year ending September 30, 1900, these words occur:

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"In carrying out the work of reorganization of this institution, it has been necessary to make many changes in the staff of officers. More and more we feel that the success of the work in an institution of this kind depends upon the character of the officers directly in contact with the inmates. We have seen our prison under one officer become thoroughly demoralized in discipline, in housekeeping and in other respects a condition resulting finally in a riot; and we have seen the same prison under another officer quickly brought into the best of shape in all respects. We have seen a cottage considered the best on the grounds rapidly deteriorate under the control of an inefficient officer, and after her removal almost as rapidly come back to the highest standard of good influence and discipline. Another cottage that was in a turbulent and most unpromising condition was filled with many of the most disorderly and hardened inmates on the grounds and placed under

the charge of two promising officers. By hard work they have made it as satisfactory a cottage as we have in the institution. Other instances might be cited to show that the personality of the officer is an essential condition of success."

The introduction of a complete system of industrial training is a pressing need, for here as in similar institutions in the State the instruction of the inmates in methods of self-support is an essential feature of the reformatory process. The young women, during their period of custody, should be taught the obligation of self-support by honest and respectable methods, so that on leaving the institution they may not prey upon or otherwise become burdens to society.

No period of restraint unless it be accompanied by healthful discipline can reform character. The mind and heart must be reached, and they can be touched only through a training which is adapted to the special needs of the individual. This House of Refuge is an attempt on the part of society to reclaim those who have gone astray. Its purpose is beneficent and its discipline should prove effective.

Some improvements to the present buildings as well as additions to their number are considered desirable. Among these the construction of a hospital and the alteration of the present administration building are of prime importance. The building now used as a hospital is neither sanitary, commodious nor properly adapted for the care of the sick. One part of it has been arranged into isolation cells, and thus it combines the care of the patients suffering from acute diseases with the discipline of those inmates who seriously transgress the rules of the insti tution. The hospital should be separated as much as possible from the disciplinary feature, and be devoted solely to the care

of the sick. The building now used for a hospital can be converted into a gymnasium or into work rooms. A gymnasium is necessary, and the problem hitherto has been where to locate it. The construction of a hospital will thus serve two purposes.

The administration building is not adapted, in its present condition, for office purposes, as it combines under the same roof the general offices, dormitories for inmates and assembly rooms intended for general gatherings. It should be remodeled, and the reconstruction will necessarily prove expensive. The nursery building and some of the cottages are greatly dilapidated, making repairs necessary.

The Board recommends the following appropriations, or so much thereof as may be necessary, to this institution:

For renewing plumbing, and providing toilet rooms at the administration building, $2,500; for fire-escapes at administration building, $1,200; for fire-risers and hose for administration building, $600; for general repairs, making doorways in basement, and placing partition in superintendent's office, at the administration building, $1,000; for cleaning and painting interior cottage walls, $1,200; for repairs to coal shed and retaining wall, $300; for additional work at guard-house, $1,500; for hospital and equipment, $10,000; for gymnastic facilities in the industrial building, $1,000; for repairs and metal ceilings, cottages 5 and 6, and nursery, $4,000; for heating and plumbing for the reconstructed prison building, $2,500; for additional sewers, $3,000; making the special appropriations approved of, $28,800; also reappropriations of the sums of $9,000 for reconstructing the prison building, and $5,000 for sewage disposal plant, appropriated by chapter 294 of the Laws of 1900; maintenance ap