LIBRARY VK COPYRIGHT, 1879, BY LEE AND SHEPARD. COPYRIGHT, 1907, BY MAE D. Frazar. All rights reserved. PRACTICAL BOAT-SAILING. Norwood Press : Replace Engin PREFACE. THIS little work is not written to teach any thing new to those who know how to sail boats well and safely, but only for the purpose of enabling any person, after a perusal of its pages, to feel confident of handling a boat so as to be perfectly safe, and to have some knowledge of the rules which should govern its movements under all conditions that might naturally arise. This sport is far less dangerous than is sup posed; and it may even be asserted that no kind of amusement is safer during the summer months in these latitudes, —many not as safe. Some one has truly said "that the boat is always under the perfect control, and subject to the will, of its master; whilst in driving, for instance, one is dependent for life and limb upon the forbearance, good-temper, and training of a brute whose strength is greater than one's own, and whose over-vaunted intelligence is often exceeded by his obstinacy." It is simply wonderful what stress of wind and sea a small boat will sustain with perfect safety when properly managed. It is hoped that the following pages will be suffi cient to post all tyros in the technique of the science, and enable them to execute all the manoeuvres that are needful, and to know the names and uses of all the important ropes, sails, &c.; so that they will not have to ask anybody any questions, and be able to "paddle their own canoe." If the author has succeeded in making himself understood, so that the student will feel competent to take charge of his own boat or yacht with confidence, he will be amply repaid. There is no doubt but what there may be a difference of opinion amongst yachtsmen and boatmen as to the best manner of executing many sea-evolutions. The author has chosen those which have stood the test of time, and are comparatively simple, and easy of execution, fitted for small craft, and perfectly safe. Several useful hints have been gathered by an inspection of Bowditch's "Epitome" and Brady's "Kedge-Anchor." MOTHER GOOSE (slightly altered). "Three wise men of Gotham Went to sea in a bowl : If their wits had been stronger, My song had been longer." CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. The Model, Rig, and Names of the Sails and Ropes in Com- - Warping by Means of 17 Getting the Anchor, and Casting. — Anchoring for Fish- an Anchor. To make a Running Moor CHAPTER III. The Helm and Rudder. - Sheets. - The Topping-Lift. Running free. Before the Wind, or Scudding. - - To ex- CHAPTER IV. Tacking. Beating to Windward.-A. Long and a Short Leg. - How to put a Yacht about. - How to distinguish Mainsail, and furl it. To reef a Jib, or take off a Bonnet. - To clap one Reef in a Mainsail. - To cast out a Reef. 50 - 5 - CHAPTER V. - Signal-Lights. The United-States Regulations for Steering - -Anchor Watch. - - Method and System versus Disorder. 64 CHAPTER VI. - the Wind. - Cross-Bearings. - Two Examples. - Table of Proportional - - -- • 76 A Short Cruise with a Sloop-Yacht, illustrating the Common |