The Panama Canal Treaty--constitutional and legal aspects of the ratification process: hearing before the Subcommittee on Separation of Powers of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Ninety-eighth Congress, first session, on the Panama Canal Treaty, constitutional and legal aspects of the ratification process, June 28, 1983

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Halaman 24 - Our constitution declares a treaty to be the law of the land. It is, consequently, to be regarded in courts of justice as equivalent to an act of the legislature, whenever it operates of itself without the aid of any legislative provision. But when the terms of the stipulation import a contract — when either of the parties engages to perform a particular act — the treaty addresses itself to the political, not the judicial department ; and the legislature must execute the contract before it can...
Halaman 140 - Treaty Concerning the Permanent Neutrality and Operation of the Panama Canal, signed this date, are exchanged.
Halaman 58 - States' obligations under the international agreements made with those countries. The obvious and decisive answer to this, of course, is that no agreement with a foreign nation can confer power on the Congress, or on any other branch of Government, which is free from the restraints of the Constitution.
Halaman 106 - The United States of America, To all to whom these Presents shall come, Greeting: Whereas Isaac Gullett of Butler County, Ohio has deposited in the General Land Office of the United States...
Halaman 70 - ... 1. Confirms the inalienable rights of the African countries over the fishery resources of the continental shelf surrounding Africa, in conformity with the spirit and principle of the Charter of the United Nations and the Charter of the Organization of African Unity; 2.
Halaman 147 - The correct interpretation of this principle is that each of the two countries shall in accordance with their respective constitutional processes, defend the canal against any threat to the regime of neutrality, and consequently shall have the right to act against any aggression or threat directed against the canal or against the peaceful transit of vessels through the canal.
Halaman 12 - ... reservation" means a unilateral statement, however phrased or named, made by a state when signing, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to a treaty or when making a notification of succession to a treaty, whereby it purports to exclude or to modify the legal effect of certain provisions of the treaty in their application to that state...
Halaman 105 - United States and Panama will be entitled to transit the Canal expeditiously. This is intended, and it shall so be interpreted, to assure the transit of such vessels through the Canal as quickly as possible, without any impediment, with expedited treatment, and in case of need or emergency, to go to the head of the line of vessels in order to transit the Canal rapidly.
Halaman 330 - State to be bound by a treaty, or for accomplishing any other act with respect to a treaty; (d) "reservation" means a unilateral statement, however phrased or named, made by a State, when signing, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to a treaty, whereby it purports to exclude or to modify the legal effect of certain provisions of the treaty in their application to that State...
Halaman 129 - When it appears from the limited number of the negotiating states and the object and purpose of the treaty that the application of the treaty in its entirety between all the parties is an essential condition of the consent of each one to be bound by the treaty, a reservation requires acceptance by all the parties.

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