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of votes cast for any individual candidate on the State ticket was for the Democratic nominee of Secretary of State, 124,010, giving him a majority of 15,096 over his Republican competitor.

From the official count of the votes on presidential electors, it appears that the average majority cast for the Democratic nominees over the Republican was something above 16,000; the average number of votes cast for the former having been 122,354; for the latter, 106,248.

With regard to the election of members of the State Legislature, the strength of the two parties in either House is as follows: SenateDemocrats 39, Republicans 10; House of Representatives-Democrats 82, Republicans 33.

All of the proposed amendments to the State constitution submitted to the people were ratified. They will begin to go into practical operation on January 1, 1877.

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This class embraces the following issues: Wil-
mington, Charlotte & Rutherford Railroad,
issued during the war, under acts passed be-
fore the war, and renewed by acts of 1862
and 1866..

Registered certificates of Board of Education..

Chatham Railroad, ordinances oonvention..
Williamston & Tarboro Railroad...
Penitentiary.....

Total, principal and interest..

Bonds issued under funding acts of 1866-68,
as follows:

As to the election of Congressman in the fourth district, the Republican candidate, Isaac J. Young, was successful by a majority of 77 votes over Joseph J. Davies, the Democratic nominee the former having received 4,407 votes, the latter 4,330. In that district in 1872 the Republican majority for Governor was 525. The members of the new General Assembly met for the regular session at Raleigh on November 20, 1876. In the Senate, James L. Robinson, of Mason, Democrat, was elected President, he having received 35 votes, and George Green, of Craven, his Republican competitor, 6. Mr. Robinson presides in the Senate till the beginning of January, 1877, when, in Funding act of 1868... accordance with the new constitution, Thomas J. Jarvis, the new Lieutenant-Governor-elect, will be qualified, and assume the presidency of that body ex officio.

In the House of Representatives, Charles Price, of Davie, Democrat, was elected Speaker by a vote of 66 against 27 cast for Daniel L. Russell, of Brunswick, Republican.

The financial condition of the State, in regard to revenue and expenditure for the year ending September 30, 1876, was as follows:

Balance in hands of State Treasurer, October

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Funding act of 1866...
Interest unpaid on same...

Total, principal and interest..

Interest unpaid on same...

Total, principal and interest..

Total for funding..

Bonds issued during the war, under acts passed
before the war, for internal improvement
purposes, including $245,000 for Chatham
Railroad, issued under ordinance of conven-
tion, January 30, 1862.
Interest unpaid on same..

Total, principal and interest...
Special tax bonds..

Interest unpaid on same..

Total, principal and interest..

Total debt. including interest, exclusive of
special tax.

Total debt, with interest, including "special-
tax" bonds......

$8.872.000.00 4,003,777 50 $12,976,677 50

$1,781.000 00 807,180.00

$2,588,180 00

$2,015,045 00 921,127 95

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An act was passed by the Legislature of 1874-75 proposing a compromise of the State debt, and specifying the manner in which it should be effected; but its provisions have not been carried into execution, as only a few among the creditors signified their willingness to accept the proposed compromise, and the bonds held by them represent so small a portion of the debt that it was deemed unadvis able to incur the expense of issuing new bonds, and laying a special tax on all the taxable property in the State for the purpose of paying the interest on such a small amount.

The Governor urged on the Legislature the

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not hope to advance rapidly in intelligence and wealth.

The education of youth is commendably cared for in the State, without discrimination between whites and blacks, the children of either race receiving instruction in separate schools, but in the same manner and on the same conditions. The following statement exhibits the number of children of school age, as well as the number of teachers, school-houses, and academies for white and colored children in North Carolina in November, 1876:

Male white children of school age...
Female white children of school age..

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128,580

119,980

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STATE SEAL OF NORTH CAROLINA.

With a view greatly to increase the material prosperity of the State, and also to retain within her borders the vast sums of money now constantly sent abroad for the purchase of almost all kinds of manufactured goods, Governor Bragden recommended that, without abating the protection and favor due to all branches of agriculture, the chief source of all wealth, the General Assembly should hold out suitable inducements to encourage the establishment of other industries both to supply the raw material required and to work it out for use, more especially as North Carolina is endowed by Nature with almost inexhaustible resources for the raising of such raw materials in great variety and abundance. He says:

We ought to manufacture and supply ourselves with a large proportion of our woolen clothes of all kinds, especially of the coarser and more substantial

kind.

We ought to spin and weave at least one-half of our cotton-crop, which cannot be less than 200,000 bales per annum.

We ought to manufacture our own iron from the vast beds of ore which we have in various parts of the State, some of which are not excelled for quality elsewhere in the earth.

We ought to get out and use more of our timber, and send more of it than we do to the markets of the world. We ought to direct very much more of our attention and energies to the great work of building up a home market for our people, and of thus living more within ourselves.

A policy of this kind would benefit every interest, and would especially redound to the advantage and prosperity of the farmers, by creating a demand here at home for their products.

It would also save millions of dollars per annum to the State, which are now expended outside our borders, and which constitute a constant drain upon

our wealth.

It would also diversify labor and give employment to all classes of our people, without which we canVOL. XVI.-89 A

2,702

Colored-school districts..

1,372

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Graded schools, so called, have been opened in several places, and are conferring signal benefits on the communities in which they exist. The object and extent of the instruction given in these schools are "to begin with the rudiments for little children, and gradually to ascend, until the larger and older scholars are thoroughly instructed in the higher branches of ness of life without further instruction, or prelearning, thus fitting them for the active busiparing them for college, where they may make still further and higher progress in learning and knowledge."

The State University at Chapel Hill was opened for the reception of students on the 10th of September, 1875, and is now in successful operation.

An act was passed by the last General Assembly directing the State Treasurer to issue to the trustees of the said university a certificate of indebtedness for $125,000, bearing interest at six per cent., payable in two semiannual installments, to be used by the said trustees in support of the university. The sum of $7,500 is annually paid from the public Treasury on that account.

In the State Asylum for the Insane there 264 patients under treatment. were, at the beginning of November, 1876, The whole number of patients admitted into this institution since the day of its first opening, Febru

ary 23, 1856, is 1,173, of whom 302 have been discharged cured, 114 improved, 180 unimproved, and 313 have died.

An act was also passed at the preceding session " to provide another asylum for the insane of North Carolina," its building to be located within three miles of Morganton, and to be called "The Western Insane Asylum." The act appointed five commissioners to purchase in behalf of the State a suitable tract of land for that purpose, and to superintend the erection of the building. To meet the necessary expenses, the act appropriated the sum of $50,000 for 1875, and of $25,000 for 1876, besides empowering the commissioners to employ in the construction of this asylum as many convicts as the authorities of the State-prison could furnish for it. The whole amount appropriated has been drawn from the public Treasury, and a number of convicts put at work in the asylum building, which is now in the course of erection.

An act was also passed by the last General Assembly "to provide for the colored insane of North Carolina," appropriating the annual sum of $10,000, to be paid to the directors of the Marine Hospital at Wilmington, for the support and treatment of the colored insane, as a branch of that hospital. The provisions of this act have remained without effect, as the commission appointed to carry them out has been unsuccessful in coming to an agreement with the directors of the Marine Hospital, who showed themselves unwilling to connect the treatment of colored insane with the institution under their charge.

As the colored race constitutes a large proportion of the population of North Carolina, the establishment of an asylum for colored insane under the same rules, regulations, and treatment, as are used in the State for white patients, is earnestly recommended by the Gov

ernor.

In the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind, the whole number of pupils enrolled within the last two years has been 221, namely: deaf-mutes 128, of whom 63 were males, and 65 females; blind 93-males 51, females 42.

The inmates of this institution are well cared for and most kindly treated. Its financial condition seems to be very satisfactory. Its income during the two years ending October 31, 1876, amounted to $101,355.41, made up by $90,000 from the regular yearly appropriation of $45,000; $3,000 special appropriation; $80 interest; $2,020.25 from the shoe-shop connected with the institution; $718.15 froin miscellaneous sources; and $5,997.01 surplus in the treasurer's hands on November 1, 1874. The whole expenditure for the said two years was $89,931.41; leaving in the Treasury a balance, on November 1, 1876, of $15,361.41.

The number of convicts in the State-prison is quite large. They are usefully employed within and without the inclosure, either on

public works or farmed out to contractors, on conditions generally advantageous to the State. The directors have furnished certain numbers of convicts to be kept out at work in different places, as follows: 332 to the Western North Carolina Railroad, where they have built three sets of quarters, the probable value of the work already done by them on it being estimated at $100,000; 50 to the Insane Asylum at Raleigh, where they have manufactured the bricks used in the construction of the new kitchen and store-room for that institution; 50 to the new Insane Asylum near Morganton, for making bricks and grading the grounds; 30 to the North Carolina & Georgia Railroad Company, which line will form a part of the western division of the Western North Carolina Railroad leading from Asheville to Murphy in Cherokee County, the residents of this county having agreed to defray the expense of transporting, feeding, clothing, and furnishing medical attendance to the convicts for their labor; 30 to the lessees of the New Hanover Workhouse for the remainder of their term, upen the same agreement as with the residents of Cherokee County; 200 to the Spartanburg & Asheville Railroad Company for two years. This company has agreed, besides clothing, feeding, guarding, and furnishing the prisoners with medical attendance, to pay into the treasury of the prison a yearly sum of $31.20 for each prisoner. These conditions have been punctually fulfilled by the company.

A considerable number of convicts is kept at work within the penitentiary inclosure. there being connected with it a foundery and machine-shop, a blacksmith-shop to manufacture tools for quarrying stones and other pur poses, and a shoe-shop in which are made all the shoes worn by the convicts retained within the prison and those sent out of it to be kept at work elsewhere in the State. The work in these shops is performed by convicts, and, it is stated, in a very satisfactory manner.

During the last two years a strong cell-building, containing sixty-four cells, has been erected within the penitentiary inclosure, and was ready for use in November, 1876. The building is of brick, with iron doors and frames. The making of the bricks and the cutting of all the stone-work used in the structure have been done by convicts. They have also made the iron doors aud frames, at less than one-half of the original contract price.

The management of the State-prison for the two years ending October 31, 1876, has been most satisfactory on the part of its several officers, and the conduct of the convicts in regard to discipline apparently commendable.

Owing to the increase in the number of convicts, of their guards and overseers, there is shown in the financial account of the prison a deficiency of $21,678.97, to cover which and supply the wants of the prison the directors asked of the Legislature an immediate appropriation.

Among the prisoners now confined in the penitentiary of North Carolina there are "a white man sent thither for a term of ten years, for stealing a Bible while drunk; a youth for a term of three years for stealing one goose, valued at ten cents; another for a term of three years for receiving a stolen chicken!"

Under the law, as it now stands, according to the decision of the Supreme Court, assault and battery, even an assault with a deadly weapon and with intent to murder, is not a penitentiary crime!

As the Western North Carolina Railroad was to be sold under a decree of the Circuit Court of the United States, the General Assembly of 1874-75 passed an act to purchase the said road for the State at a price not exceeding $890,000. It appointed the Governor and two other citizens a commission to make the purchase, and pay for it by issuing bonds in the name of the Western North Carolina Railroad Company, and in the usual form of mortgagebonds, the principal to be paid at fifteen years from the date of issue, and in the mean time bearing interest at the rate of seven per cent. per annum, payable semi-annually. The act empowered the Governor, after the purchase, to appoint three commissioners to manage the affairs of the road during the pleasure of the General Assembly, and to build and complete its unfinished portion to its termini at Paint Rock and the Georgia or Tennessee line, near Ducktown, according to the charter granted to the railroad company. For the execution of this work the act authorized the last-named commissioners to use the labor of convicts from the State penitentiary, and also the net earnings of the road, as they might deem proper. The judicial sale of the road, with all its property and franchises, including road-bed, superstructure, equipment, and all its real and personal estate, took place on the 22d of June, 1876, when the above-named commission, with the Governor at its head, bought it for the State, to whom a perfect title was conveyed in due time. The Governor then appointed the three commissioners. A considerable amount of work has since been done on this road.

One of the first matters acted upon by the members of the Legislature after the opening of the session on November 20th was their own-pay, as the amendments to the constitution adopted reduce its present amount some

OBITUARIES, AMERICAN. AMERMAN, JOHN, Jr., was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., April 2, 1809; died there, January 6, 1876. He was the oldest employing printer in New York, having followed that occupation for half a century. In 1834 he established with P. T. Barnum the Herald of Freedom, a weekly journal, at Norwalk, Conn. The paper soon passed in

what. A joint resolution to fix the pay for the time previous to January 1, 1877, at the reduced rate prescribed by the constitutional amendments for the time thereafter-namely, mileage, at 10 cents per diem, of members, at $4; of President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives, at $6; and of the chief clerks of the two Houses, at $5-was introduced in the Senate on November 21st, and adopted on the 22d. The resolution, as adopted, being sent to the Lower House for concurrence, was passed-yeas 97, nays 11.

Matthew W. Ransom was elected to the United States Senate for six years from March 4, 1877.

Both Houses agreed to adjourn on December 13th, and reassemble on the 30th, the last working day of the month in 1876, which agreement was carried into execution.

During the twenty days of session before the recess, a considerable amount of work was done by the Legislature, but chiefly of a local nature.

66

A joint resolution was introduced into the Lower House by a colored member, requesting the Representatives of North Carolina in Congress to procure such legislation from that body as will assign to the negroes of the South two or three Territories west of the Missouri, for their exclusive use." The resolution was taken up at the sitting of December 11th, when, as some among his colleagues seemed inclined to ridicule his proposition by moving to refer it to the Committee on Military Affairs, and to the Committee on the Insane Asylum, he declared to the House that from facts and reflections he had come to the conclusion that the two races could not live together in the South in that hermony which was necessary and desirable; adding that this sentiment and belief were entertained by a large portion of his He then moved to postpone the further consideration of his resolution to January 10, 1877. A motion to table the whole matter was rejected by a vote of 50 nays to 37 yeas; and the motion to postpone to January 10th adopted.

race.

On December 30th the members of the Legislature met again to resume the work of the session. On January 1, 1877, in accordance with the amended constitution, Zebulon B. Vance, the new Governor-elect, was formally installed in office.

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to other hands, and Mr. Amerman returned to New York, and formed a partnership with the late James Van Norden, making the printing of legal matters a specialty.

ANTHONY, JAMES, born in Franklin County, Pa.; died at San Francisco, January 3d, in the 52d year of his age. He emigrated to California in 1849; in 1851 he became part

proprietor and sole directing spirit of the Sacramento Union, in which position he continued till 1874, wielding an important influence for good in the affairs and politics of the Pacific coast and the nation.

ARNOLD, AARON, born in the Isle of Wight, in 1794; died in New York, March 18th. He came to the United States in 1823, and in 1827, with his nephew, George A. Hearn, established in New York City a wholesale and retail drygoods store, under the firm-name of Arnold & Hearn. In 1842 Mr. Hearn was succeeded by Mr. Arnold's son-in-law, James M. Constable, and the name of the firm was changed to Aaron Arnold & Co. In 1853 Mr. Arnold's son Richard, and J. P. Baker, were admitted to the firm, which then became known by its present title, Arnold, Constable & Co. In 1869 Mr. Aaron Arnold left to his partners the active management of the business, which had now become one of the largest in the city.

ASPINWALL, Colonel THOMAS; died in Brookline, Mass., August 11th, aged 90 years. He was the oldest survivor of the War of 1812, and his services were memorable as major of the Ninth United States Infantry. From 1815 to 1853 he was United States consul at London. BABCOCK, GEORGE R.; died September 22d, in Dannemora, N. Y. He took a prominent part in State politics, and was elected State Senator in 1850. In 1875 his name was brought forward for Controller, but he declined to be a candidate. He was subsequently appointed a member of the State-prison Commission.

BACON, Rev. Dr. GEORGE, was born at New Haven, Conn., in 1836; died in Orange, N. J., September 15th. He was a son of Dr. Leonard Bacon, graduated at Yale College, and, after a voyage to China for his health, returned to this country and entered Andover Theological Seminary. At the age of twentyfour he received a call from the Orange Valley Congregational Church, where he continued to minister during his life.

BAGLEY, GEORGE R., resident engineer of the Eads jetties; died December 14th, aged 54

years.

BAGLEY, Colonel JAMES, a sachem of the Tammany Society, and an ex-Alderman of New York, was born in Ireland in 1822; died in New York, December 21st. He commanded the Sixty-ninth Regiment from 1862 to 1866.

BAKER, NATHANIEL B., born in Hillsborough (now Henniker), N. H., September 29, 1818; died in Des Moines, Iowa, September 11th. He graduated at Harvard College in 1839, and was admitted to the bar in 1842. For three years he was joint proprietor and editor of the New Hampshire Patriot. In 1845 he was appointed Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas, and in 1846 Clerk of the Superior Court of Judicature for Merrimac County. In 1851 he was elected to the Legislature, was chosen Speaker of the House, and served two terms. He was a presidential elector in 1852, and in 1854 was elected Governor of the

State on the Democratic ticket. His term expired in 1855, and in 1856 he removed to Clinton, Iowa, and engaged in the practice of law. He was elected to the Legislature in 1859, and acted with the Republicans in the session of 1860 and the extra session of 1861. In July, 1861, he was appointed Adjutant-General of Iowa, which office he held until the time of his death.

BALDWIN, Judge CALEB; died at Council Bluffs, Iowa, in December. He was one of the judges of the Court of Alabama Claims.

BALLOU, GEORGE C., an extensive cotton and woolen manufacturer in Woonsocket, R. I.; died March 26th.

BARLOW, SAMUEL BANCROFT, was born in Granville, Mass., in April, 1798; died in New York, February 28th. He was graduated from the Yale Medical School in 1821. In 1841 he removed to New York, and was for many years a professor in the Hahnemann (Homœopathic) College. He was well known as an antiquarian and philologist.

BARRETT, Rev. MYRON; died in Newton, N. J., May 8th. He was born in Dutchess County, N. Y., September 9, 1816, and graduated from Yale College in 1844. He completed his education at the Princeton Theological School in 1851, and became pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Newton in 1854.

BARRY, Commodore GARRET R., pay-director of the United States Navy; died in New York, February 26th, at the age of 81. He was in almost constant service in the navy from 1817 until his retirement in 1867.

BARTLETT, General WILLIAM F.; died at Pittsfield, Mass., December 17th, at the age of thirty-six years. He entered the army, in 1861, as a captain in the Twentieth Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers. He was engaged in the battle of Ball's Bluff, October 21, 1861, and made the official report of the engagement for his regiment. He lost a leg at the battle of Fair Oaks, Va., in May, 1862. He afterward became colonel of the Forty-ninth Massachusetts Regiment, which became a part of General Augur's division, in Louisiana, in 1868, and took part in several engagements. In the assault on Port Hudson, Colonel Bartlett was shot through the wrist and the heel. Returning to Massachusetts he organized the Fifty-seventh Regiment, and was again wounded in the battle of the Wilderness. In the summer of 1864 he was captured and confined in Libby Prison. Soon after he was exchanged he was brevetted major-general. He was an Independent Republican, and in 1875 declined the Democratic nomination for LieutenantGovernor of Massachusetts.

BARTLEY, Mrs., wife of Judge Bartley, and sister of General Sherman; died in Washington, January 10th.

BENSON, SAMUEL P.; died August 12th. He was a member of the Maine Legislature in 1884 and 1836, and Secretary of State in 1838 and 1841. He was elected to Congress in 1853,

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