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PIN MAKING,

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J. Shury Seulp.

London, Published by Thomas Tegg 73, Cheapside, October 11828.

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Having thus disposed the wire, the machinery is to be put in motion, either by turning a winch, or by gear connected to the shaft e. At one end of this shaft a fly-wheel is attached to regulate the motion, and at the reverse a beveled toothedwheel, which takes into another beveled toothedwheel on the end of the main shaft, f,f,f. Upon this main shaft a series of cams are fixed, which, as the shaft revolves, respectively press against certain bars and levers, and thereby give motion to all the operative parts of the engine.

scale; its holding part is a pair of pincers, the
upper chap being a firm piece of metal fixed to
its stent, the lower chap attached by a spring,
which presses them together. The opening of
the chaps is exactly in the line of the die d, so
that, when the carrier by the sliding of the bar
is brought opposite to the die, the pin slips side-
ways in between the chaps, and is there held by
the spring in a small groove: the lever of the
cutting die rising at the same time, as before ex-
plained, releases it.

The lateral movement of the bar 7, by which the pin is carried from the cutting die to be pointed, is effected by the rotation of the eccentric cam 6, upon the main shaft f, which cam as it revolves occasionally presses down the lever m, and by means of a cord attached to the end of this lever, and passed over the pulley 7, to the shackle at the end of the bar 7, that bar with the carriers is drawn forward.

The movements of the machine first bring forward the end of the wire, which is held between the pincers; this is done by the cam 1, as the shaft revolves, working against the friction roller at the end of the slider g, by which that slider is pushed forward. The effect of projecting the slider is, in the first place, to move the small cross lever h, when a tappet under that lever presses out against an inclined plane on one of the legs of the pincers, which therefore closes the chaps, and causes the wire to be held securely; the fur-k ther progress of the slider brings the projecting piece 2 against the end of a screw on the side of the pincers'-carriage, by which means the pincers holding the end of the wire are advanced a certain distance. This distance is regulated by the adjustment of the screws, and by that means the machine is enabled to make the pins longer or shorter, as may be required. A length of wire sufficient for one pin having been thus brought forward, on the retiring of the cam 1, a worm spring carries the slider back to its former position; and in doing this the small lever h, by quitting the inclined plane, enables the chaps of the pincers to open, and then the projecting piece 2, striking against the other screw, forces the pincers'-carriage back with it, the wire being at that time held fast by the pins on the straightening plate, and thereby prevented from returning. Thus so much of the wire as will be required to form one pin is made to advance at every revolution of the cam 1.

Supposing a sufficient length of wire for making one pin to have been passed through the die d, it is now to be cut off. The manner of doing this will be best seen by reference to the detached figure 4, which is a section of the die upon an enlarged scale; 3 is a roller at the end of the arm i, seen affixed to the slider g, in fig. 3. When the slider g returns, after driving the wire forward, the roller 3 presses against the inclined plane on the under side of the lever 4, and, by raising it, depresses the reverse end of the lever, and thereby presses down the cutter 5, which has a sharp edge at the apex of its conical recess, and thereby cuts off the length of the wire for one pin. The advance of the slider g, at a second operation, sends forwards the roller 3, and the lever 4 descends, by which the pin is released, and is taken thence by the carrier about to be described. These carriers are seen at k, k, k, k, in figs. 2 and 3, affixed to the bar 1, 1, by sockets and screws, which bar slides laterally to and fro with the carriers for the purpose of taking the pins from one operation to the next. The construction of the carriers will be best understood by reference to the detached fig. 5, which exhibits a side and end view, upon an enlarged VOL. XVII.

The pin has now been brought by the carrier to the first pointing wheel n, and is there received by the first holder o. This piece of mechanism, called the holder, is shown detached at fig. 6. It is of a cylindrical form, with a mouth and moving chap 9. The end of the pin is brought by the carrier into the mouth of the holder, and is there held until the chaps close and confine it, which is done by the following contrivance :-As the main shaft f revolves, the cam 10 recedes from the friction wheel at the end of the sliding bar p, and enables a powerful spring beneath to draw backward the bar p, which carries with it the yoke q, and the collars r, that are embraced by the yoke; which collars slide upon the cylindrical holders o, as seen in fig. 6. At the hinder part of the lever which moves the chap 9 (see fig. 6), there is an inclined plane, which is raised by a notch in the collarr as it recedes, and by that means the chap is closed and the pin held fast, the part intended for the point standing over the pointing wheel n. The lever m now rising, the bar with the carriers will be drawn back into their former situation by the force of the spring 8, and remain there ready to take hold of and carry forward succeeding pieces of wire.

The pointing of the wire is effected by the rapid revolution of the bevel-wheel n, which is cut on its edge, like a file. This bevel-wheel is actuated by a band, extending from a series of multiplying wheels in connexion with the revolution of the fly-wheel on the axle of the shaft e. From this fly-wheel a band is conducted down to the rigger r, as seen in figs. 1 and 2; upon the shaft of which rigger there is a large wheels, from whence a band passes to the rigger t, and upon the shaft of this rigger t there are the large wheels u, u, from whence bands pass upwards to the pointing wheels n. Thus, as the shaft e turns, the pointing wheels n revolve with a multiplied velocity, equal to about 4000 times that of the fly-wheel. In order to bring the end of the pin down upon the pointing wheel, n, the holder o must be tilted; this is provided for by mounting the holder-carriage upon axles, which allow it to vibrate, the tilting being effected by the cam 12, on the shaft f. As this shaft rovolves, the periphery of the cam 12 runs against the upper side

2 D

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