contained in the said recited Acts or any of them in relation to the conveyance and endowment of sites for such schools as are contemplated by the provisions of the said Acts respectively, shall apply to and be construed to be applicable to the cases of such schools as are herein-after specified; (that is to say,) schools or colleges for the religious or educational training of the sons of yeomen or tradesmen or others, or for the theological training of candidates for holy orders, which are erected or maintained in part by charitable aid, and which in part are self-supporting, in the same or the like manner as if such schools or colleges as last aforesaid had been expressly specified in the School Sites Act, 1841, and the said subsequent Acts, and the same or the like powers had been thereby given for or in relation to the conveyance and endowments of sites for such schools or colleges, and for the residences of schoolmasters, or otherwise in connexion therewith, as are by the said Acts given for or in reference to the conveyance and endowment of sites for schools falling within the provisions of those Acts: Provided always, that no ecclesiastical corporation, sole or aggregate, shall be authorized to grant any site under this Act, except for schools or colleges which shall be conducted upon the principles of and be in union with the Church of England and Ireland as by law established; and that no ecclesiastical corporation, aggregate or sole, shall grant, by way of gift, and without a valuable consideration, for any of the purposes of this Act, any greater quantity of land in the whole than two acres; and that no other person or persons or corporation not coming within the class or description of persons empowered by the second section of the School Sites Act, 1841, to convey land for sites as therein mentioned, shall grant, by way of sale for a valuable consideration, for any of the purposes of this Act, any greater quantity of land in the whole than two acres, or shall grant any land whatever for any of the purposes of this Act by way of gift and without a valuable consideration, anything in the said recited Acts or herein-before contained to the contrary notwithstanding.

CHAPTER LVI.

THE PHARMACY ACT, 1852 (Short Titles Act, 1896).

AN ACT for regulating the Qualifications of Pharmaceutical Chemists.

[30th June 1852.]

Whereas it is expedient for the safety of the public that persons exercising the business or calling of pharmaceutical chemists in Great Britain should possess a competent practical knowledge of pharmaceutical and general chemistry and other branches of useful knowledge: And whereas certain persons desirous of advancing chemistry and pharmacy, and of promoting an uniform system of educating those who should practise the same, formed themselves into a society, called "The Pharmaceutical Society of "Great Britain," which said society was on the eighteenth day of February one thousand eight hundred and forty-three incorporated by royal charter, whereby it was provided that the said society should consist of members who should be chemists and druggists who were or had been established on their own account at the date of the said charter, or who should have been examined in such manner as the council of the said society should deem proper, or who should have been certified to be duly qualified for admission, or who should be persons elected as superintendents by the council of the said society: And whereas it is expedient to prevent ignorant and incompetent persons from assuming the title of or pretending to be pharmaceutical chemists or pharmaceutists in Great Britain, or members of the said Pharmaceutical Society; and to that end it is desirable that all persons before assuming such title should be duly examined as to their skill and knowledge by competent persons, and that a register should be kept by some legally authorized officer of all such persons: And whereas for the purposes aforesaid, and for extending the benefits which have already resulted from the said charter of incorporation, it is desirable that additional powers should be granted for regulating the qualifications of persons who may carry on the business of pharmaceutical chemists:

1. CHARTER, DATED 18TH FEB. 1843, CONFIRMED SAVE AS HEREBY ALTERED.-The said charter of incorporation granted to the said society on the eighteenth day of

February one thousand eight hundred and forty-three, save and except such part or parts thereof as are hereby altered, varied, or repealed, shall be and the same is hereby confirmed and declared to be in full force and virtue, and shall be as good and effectual to all intents and purposes as if this Act had not been passed.

2. COUNCIL MAY ALTER BYELAWS, SUBJECT TO THE APPROVAL OF GENERAL MEETING AND OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE.-The council of the said Pharmaceutical Society shall be and the same are hereby authorized and empowered to alter and amend the byelaws of the said society made and established under or in pursuance of the said charter of incorporation, and to make and establish such new or additional byelaws as they shall deem proper and necessary for the purposes contemplated by the said charter or by this Act: Provided always, that all such original byelaws, and all altered, amended, or additional byelaws, shall be confirmed and approved by a special general meeting of the members of the said Pharmaceutical Society, and by one of her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State :

S. 2 in part rep. 38 & 39 Vict. c. 66 (S.L.R.).

[S. 3 rep. 38 & 39 Vict. c. 66 (S.L.R.).]

4. COUNCIL TO APPOINT A REGISTRAR, &c.-The council of the said Pharmaceutical Society shall appoint a fit and proper person as a registrar under this Act; and the council of the said society shall have the power to remove any registrar to be appointed under this Act, from the said office, and from time to time to appoint a new registrar in the room of any registrar who may die, or retire, or be removed from office as aforesaid, and also to appoint and remove from time to time a deputy registrar, and such clerks and other subordinate officers as may be requisite for carrying out the purposes of this Act, and also to pay suitable salaries to the said registrar, deputy registrar, clerks, and officers.

5. REGISTER OF MEMBERS, BOOKS, &c.-The registrar to be appointed under or by virtue of this Act shall from time to time make out and maintain a complete register of all persons being members of the said society, and also of all persons being associates and apprentices or students respectively, according to the terms of the charter of incorporation, and shall keep a proper index of the register, and all such other registers and books as may be required by the council of the said society, and may be necessary for giving effect to the byelaws of the said society and to the provisions of this Act.

[S. 6 is local and personal.]

7. CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRAR AS TO MEMBERSHIP, &c.—The registrar to be appointed under or by virtue of this Act shall be bound, on the application of any person paying one shilling, to certify under his hand whether or no any person whose name and address shall be furnished to him appears in the said register or is a member of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain or not; and the certificate of such registrar, signed by the said registrar, and countersigned by the president or two members of the council of the said society, shall, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, be sufficient evidence of the facts therein stated up to the date of the said certificate.

8. EXAMINATIONS BY APPOINTED EXAMINERS.-All such persons as shall from time to time be appointed under or in pursuance of the said charter of incorporation or the byelaws thereof, or under this Act, shall be and the same are hereby declared to be fit and proper persons to conduct all such examinations as are provided for or contemplated by this Act, and shall respectively have full power and authority and are hereby authorized and empowered to examine all persons who shall present themselves for examination under the provisions of this Act in their knowledge of the Latin language, in botany, in materia medica, and in pharmaceutical and general chemistry, and such other subjects as may from time to time be determined by any byelaw; provided always, that such examination shall not include the theory and practice of medicine, surgery, or midwifery; and the said examiners are hereby empowered to grant or refuse to such persons, as in their discretion may seem fit, certificates of competent skill and knowledge and qualification to exercise the business or calling of pharmaceutical chemists, or, as the case may require, to be engaged or employed as students, apprentices, or assistants respectively.

9. EXAMINATIONS IN SCOTLAND.

It shall be lawful for the council of the

society, and they are hereby required, to appoint such fit and proper persons in Scotland, to meet in Edinburgh or Glasgow, or such other place or places as the council may think desirable, and to conduct there all such examinations as are provided for and contemplated by this Act, with such and the like powers and authorities in respect thereof as are herein conferred, and to grant to the persons to be so examined such and the like certificates as are herein-before specified and referred to, or to refuse the same; and all the provisions of this Act shall be equally applicable to the examiners, examinations, and parties examined in Scotland, as to the examiners, examinations, and parties examined in England.

S. 9 in part rep. 55 & 56 Vict. c. 19 (S. L. R.).

10. PERSONS OBTAINING CERTIFICATES TO BE ENTITLED TO BE REGISTERED; AND ELIGIBLE AS MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY, &c.-Every such person who shall have been examined by the persons appointed as aforesaid, and shall have obtained a certificate of qualification from them, shall be entitled to be registered by the registrar according to the provisions of this Act, upon payment of such fee or fees as shall be fixed by the byelaws; and every such person duly registered as a pharmaceutical chemist shall be eligible to be elected as a member of the said society; and every such person duly registered as a student or apprentice to a pharmaceutical chemist shall be eligible for admission into the said society; according to the byelaws thereof.

S. 10 in part rep. 61 & 62 Vict. c. 25.

11. CERTAIN PERSONS NOT ENTITLEd to be registerED UNDER THIS ACT.-No person who is a member of the medical profession, or who is practising under any right of a degree of any university, or under a diploma or licence of a medical or surgical corporate body, shall be entitled to be registered under this Act; and if any registered pharmaceutical chemist shall obtain such diploma or licence, his name shall not be retained on the said register during the time that he is engaged in practice as aforesaid.

12. PENALTY FOR UNLAWFULLY ASSUMING TITLE OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMIST, &c.— It shall not be lawful for any person, not being duly registered as a pharmaceutical chemist according to the provisions of this Act, to assume or use the title of pharmaceutical chemist or pharmaceutist in any part of Great Britain, or to assume, use, or exhibit any name, title, or sign implying that he is registered under this Act, or that he is a member of the said society; and if any person, not being duly registered under this Act, shall assume or use the title of pharmaceutical chemist or pharmaceutist, or shall use, assume, or exhibit any name, title, or sign implying that he is a person registered under this Act, or that he is a member of the said society, every such person shall be liable to a penalty of five pounds; and such penalty may be recovered by the registrar to be appointed under this Act, in the name and by the authority of the council of the said society, in manner following; (that is to say,)

In England or Wales, by plaint under the provisions of any Act in force for the more easy recovery of small debts and demands:

In Scotland, by action before the court of session in ordinary form, or by summary action before the sheriff of the county, or in the royal burghs before the magistrates of the burghs where the offence may be committed or the offender resides, who, upon proof of the offence or offences either by confession of the party offending or by the oath or affirmation of one or more credible witnesses, shall convict the offender, and find him liable in the penalty or penalties aforesaid, as also in expences; and it shall be lawful for the sheriff or magistrate, in pronouncing such judgment for the penalty or penalties and costs, to insert in such judgment a warrant, in the event of such penalty or penalties and costs not being paid, to levy and recover the amount of the same by poinding:

Provided always, that it shall be lawful to the sheriff or magistrate, in the event of his dismissing the action and assoilzieing the defender, to find the complainer liable in expences; and any judgment so to be pronounced by the sheriff or magistrate in such summary application shall be final and conclusive, and not subject to review, by advocation, suspension, reduction, or otherwise.

13. LIMITATION OF ACTIONS FOR RECOVERY OF PENALTIES, &c.-Provided always, that no action or other proceeding for any offence under this Act shall be brought after the expiration of six months from the commission of such offence; and in every such action

S.S. R. III. 25

385

or proceeding the party who shall prevail shall recover his full costs of suit or of such other proceedings.

14. APPLICATION OF PENALTIES.-All and every sum and sums of money which shall arise from any conviction and recovery of penalties for offences incurred under this Act shall be paid as the Treasury shall direct.

15. FALSIFYING REGISTER, &C.-If any registrar under this Act shall wilfully make or cause to be made any falsification in any matters relating to any register or certificate aforesaid, every such offender shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor.

16. PROCURING FALSE CERTIFICATE, &c.-If any person shall wilfully procure by any false or fraudulent means a certificate purporting to be a certificate of registration under this Act, or shall fraudulently exhibit a certificate purporting to be a certificate of membership of the Pharmaceutical Society, every such person so offending shall be adjudged guilty of a misdemeanor.

CHAPTER LVII.

THE ELECTION COMMISSIONERS ACT, 1852 (Short Titles Act, 1896).

AN ACT to provide for more effectual Inquiry into the Existence of Corrupt Practices at Elections for Members to serve in Parliament.

[Preamble.]

[30th June 1852.]

1. APPOINTMENT OF COMMISSIONERS TO INQUIRE INTO CORRUPT PRACTICES AT ELECTIONS. -Where by a joint address of both Houses of Parliament it shall be represented to her Majesty that a committee of the House of Commons appointed to try an election petition, or a committee of that House appointed to inquire into the existence of corrupt practices in any election or elections of a member or members to serve in Parliament, have reported to the House that corrupt practices have, or that there is reason to believe that corrupt practices have, extensively prevailed in any county, division of a county, city, borough, university, or place in the United Kingdom electing or sharing in the election of a member or members to serve in Parliament, at any election or elections of such members or member, and the said Houses shall thereupon pray her Majesty to cause inquiry to be made under this Act, by persons named in such address, such persons being (where the inquiry to be made relates to a place in England or Ireland) barristers-at-law of not less than seven years standing, or (where such inquiry relates to a place in Scotland) advocates of not less than seven years standing, and not being members of Parliament, or holding any office or place of profit under the Crown, other than that of a recorder of any city or borough, it shall be lawful for her Majesty, by warrant under her Royal Sign Manual, to appoint the said persons to be commissioners for the purpose of making inquiry into the existence of such corrupt practices; and in case any of the commissioners so appointed die, resign, or become incapable to act, it shall be lawful for the surviving or continuing commissioners or commissioner to act in such inquiry as if they or he had been solely appointed to be commissioners or a sole commissioner for the purposes of such inquiry, and (as to such sole commissioner) as if this Act had authorized the appointment of a sole commissioner; and all the provisions of this Act concerning the commissioners appointed to make any such inquiry shall be taken to apply to such surviving or continuing commissioner or commissioners. 2. COMMISSIONERS TO BE SWORN.-Every commissioner appointed in pursuance of this Act shall, before beginning to act in the execution of this Act, take the following oath; (that is to say,)

"I A.B. do swear, that I will truly and faithfully execute the powers and trusts vested "in me by the Election Commissioners Act, 1852, according to the best of my "knowledge and judgment. So help me GOD."

And every such commissioner appointed in England or Ireland shall take such oath before a justice of the Court of Queen's Bench, or a baron of the Court of Exchequer,

in England or Ireland respectively; and every such commissioner appointed in Scotland. shall take such oath before a judge of the Court of Session in Scotland.

3. SECRETARY AND CLERKS TO BE APPOINTED.-It shall be lawful for any commissioners appointed under this Act to appoint, and at their pleasure to dismiss, a secretary, and so many clerks, messengers, and officers as shall be thought necessary by one of her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, for the purpose of conducting the inquiry to be made by them, and to pay to such secretary, clerks, messengers, and officers such salaries and allowances as shall be thought reasonable by the Treasury.

4. MEETINGS OF COMMISSIONERS.-The commissioners appointed under this Act to make inquiry as aforesaid in relation to any county, division of a county, city, borough, university, or place, shall, upon their appointment, or within a reasonable time afterwards, go to such county, division of a county, city, borough, university, or place, and shall from time to time hold meetings for the purposes of such inquiry at some convenient place within the same, or within ten miles thereof, and shall have power to adjourn such meetings from time to time, and from any one place to any other place within such county, division of a county, city, borough, university, or place, or within ten miles thereof, as to them may seem expedient; and such commissioners shall give notice of their appointment, and of the time and place of holding their first meeting, by publishing the same in some newspaper in general circulation in such county, division of a county, city, borough, university, or place, or the neighbourhood thereof: Provided always, that such commissioners shall not adjourn the inquiry for any period exceeding one week, without the consent and approbation of one of her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State.

5. MEETINGS IN LONDON AND Westminster.-Provided also, that it shall be lawful for the said commissioners, with such consent and approbation as aforesaid, to hold meetings of the said commissioners in the cities of London or Westminster, and to adjourn the same from time to time, as they may deem fit.

6. INQUIRY BY THE COMMISSIONERS.-Such commissioners shall, by all such lawful means as to them appear best, with a view to the discovery of the truth, inquire into the manner in which the election in relation to which such committee as aforesaid may have reported to the House of Commons, or, where the report of such committee has referred to two or more elections, the latest of such elections, has been conducted, and whether any corrupt practices have been committed at such election, and, if so, whether by way of the gift or loan or the promise of the gift or loan of any sum of money or other valuable consideration to any voter or voters, or to any other person or persons on his or their behalf, for the promise or the giving of his or their vote or votes, or for his or their refraining or promising to refrain from giving his or their vote or votes, at such election, or for his or their procuring or undertaking to procure the votes of other electors at such election, or whether by the payment of any sum of money or loan or other valuable consideration whatsoever to any voter, or to any other person on his behalf, before, during, or after the termination of such election, by way of head money, or in compliance with any usage or custom in the county, division of a county, city, borough, university, or place to which the inquiry relates, or how otherwise, or whether any sum of money or other valuable consideration whatsoever has been paid to any voter, or to any other person on his behalf, after the termination of such election, as a reward for giving or for having refrained from giving his vote at such election; and in case such commissioners find that corrupt practices have been committed at the election into which they are herein-before authorized to inquire, it shall be lawful for them to make th like inquiries concerning the latest previous election for the same county, division of a county, city, borough, university, or place; and upon their finding corrupt practices to have been committed at that election it shall be lawful for them to make the like inquiries concerning the election immediately previous thereto for such county, division of a county, city, borough, university, or place, and so in like manner from election to election, as far back as they may think fit; but where upon inquiry as aforesaid concerning any election such commissioners do not find that corrupt practices have been committed thereat, they shall not inquire concerning any previous election; and such commissioners shall from time to time report to her Majesty the evidence taken by them, and what they find concerning the premises, and especially such commissioners shall report with respect to each election the names of all persons whom they find to have been guilty of corrupt practice at such election, and as well of those who have