Table 1.--GENERAL STATISTICS FOR ALL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN THE UNITED STATES: 1849-1950 (Money figures are in THOUSANDS. Data include all establishments classified as engaged primarily in manufacturing activities. Exclude manufacturing plants which were not in production at any time during the year for which data were collected. Figures for 1950, 1949, and 1947 include all establishments employing one or more persons at any time during the year; for 1921-1939, those with products valued at $5,000 or more; and for 1849-1919, those having products valued at $500 or more. For basis of revisions beginning with 1899, see 1947 Census of GENERAL EXPLANATIONS Statistics for 1939 and earlier years.) n.a. Not available. 854,257 1The figures for 1939-1950 include data for employees at operating manufacturing establishments who were engaged in distribution and in construction work. The extent to which data for such employees were included in the figures for earlier years is not known. Employees separately reported at central administrative offices and auxiliary establishments are not included for any year, however. For 1950 and 1949, these figures were compiled and are shown in table 2, Chapter I. See 1947 Census of Manufactures volumes, GENERAL EXPLANATIONS, Manufacturing employees - Classification used. 2The 1950 and 1949 "Average employment" is based on reported employment totals for the pay roll periods nearest the 15th of March, May, August, and November. For 1947, the number of "All employees" represents the average of 12 monthly figures; for 1939 and earlier years, it represents the sum of the average number of production workers for the year and the number of nonproduction workers reported for one pay roll period (usually in October). See 1947 Census of Manufactures volumes, GENERAL EXPLANATIONS - Monthly and average employment. 3Value added is derived by subtracting from the total value of products the cost of materials, supplies, fuel, electricity, and contract work. For 1849-1933, cost of contract work was not subtracted from value of products in calculating value added by manufacture. See 1947 Census of Manufactures volumes, GENERAL EXPLANATIONS - Value added by manufacture. "Data for 1950 and 1949 are estimates based on operating manufacturing establishments' reports received in the Annual Surveys of Manufactures. The survey estimates, of course, vary from the totals that would have been obtained from a complete canvass as conducted in prior years; the relative magnitude of this sampling variation is indicated in Chapter I, table 4, in the column captioned "Standard error of estimates". "The number of establishments classified as engaged primarily in manufacturing activities and in production at some time during 1950 is estimated at 247,300. This estimate has a standard error of 2 percent. For additional limitations of this estimate see footnote 3, table 1, Chapter V. below. "The figures for 1939, but not for earlier years, have been revised on the basis of retabulation of the returns to exclude data for establishments classified as manufacturing in 1939 and prior years but classified as nonmanufacturing beginning with 1947. Value added by manufacture for 1939, prior to revision and on a basis comparable with 1937 and previous years, was $24.7 billion. See 1947 Census of Manufactures volumes, GENERAL EXPLANATIONS - Statistics for 1939 and earlier years. "Not revised to exclude data for establishments classified as manufacturing in 1939 and prior years but classified as nonmanufacturing beginning with 1947 (see footnote 6). 8The 1939 figures for "All employees" were revised on the basis of estimates rather than by retabulation of the 1939 reports. The estimates were made in the following manner: for number of employees, by multiplying the retabulated figure for number of production workers by the ratio of all employees to production workers computed from the unrevised 1939 statistics; for salaries and wages, by multiplying the retabulated wage figure by the ratio for salaries and wages to wages also derived from the unrevised 1939 statistics. Not including data for salaried officers of corporations and their salaries and, therefore, not strictly comparable with figures for other years. 10Reduced to gold basis. Table 2.--TOTAL EMPLOYMENT IN OPERATING MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS, CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES AND 1An "approximated" 1950 manufacturing employment total consisting of: (1) operating manufacturing employment for 1950, based on 1950 Annual Survey of Manufactures reports, as shown in column (c); (2) administrative office and auxiliary unit employment for 1949, based on 1949 Old Age and Survivors Insurance program reports, as shown in column (j). (Administrative and auxiliary employment figures for 1949 were used, as 1950 OASI program data were not available for this publication. These totals, therefore, do not reflect a possible change in administrative and auxiliary employment between 1949 and 1950.) ¿Source: Census Bureau Form MA-100--Average number of employees based on March, May, August, and November employment totals; represents employment estimates for all establishments classified as engaged primarily in manufacturing activities; these estimates also include some central administrative office and auxiliary unit employment when such offices and units are reported by the concern as part of the manufacturing establishment covered in the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Manufacturing plants which were not in production at any time during the year were excluded from the 1950 Annual Survey tabulations. Employment at such plants in an "idle" or liquidation status is estimated at approximately 82,000. 3The percentage standard errors shown in this column indicate the differences that can be expected between the estimates and comparable complete canvass totals, because of sampling fluctuations. The estimates will differ from the complete totals by less than: (1) The percentage shown: approximately 2 times out of 3 ii) Twice the percentage shown: approximately 19 times out of 20 (iii) Three times the percentage shown: almost always 4Source: Internal Revenue Form SS-la (under OASI program) --Mid-March 1949 employment for all reporting units classified as engaged primarily in manufacturing activities, adjusted seasonally (based on Bureau of Labor Statistics data) to permit direct comparisons with Annual Survey figures which represent 4-month averages. The adjustment factor used consists of: B.L.S. March employment divided by the B.L.S. average employment for March, May, August, and November 1949. (For unadjusted mid-March 1949 employment figures, see the publication, County Business Patterns, First Quarter 1949, "Explanation of Data", Table I.) 5 Source: Internal Revenue Form SS-la (under OASI program)--Number of employees as of mid-March 1949; does not include employment in central administrative offices or auxiliary units for those concerns reporting such employment on Census Form MA-100 for manufacturing establishments; also includes some miscellaneous units of manufacturing concerns assigned to this classification under the OASI program. Employment is allocated to each industry group on the basis of the principal manufacturing activity of the reporting unit with which the separate central administrative office or auxiliary unit is associated. "The Census estimates for industry group 24, "Lumber and wood products, except furniture," tend to be understated because of incomplete coverage of logging camps and logging contractors not operating sawmills (Standard Industrial Classification Industry 2411). This undercoverage is estimated at less than 5 percent. "Includes privately owned and/or operated establishments classified in Industry group 19, "Ordnance and Accessories." Government owned and operated establishments are excluded from the annual survey. Table 3.--TOTAL EMPLOYMENT IN OPERATING MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS, CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES AND Table 3.--TOTAL EMPLOYMENT IN OPERATING MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS, CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES AND 1An "approximated" 1950 manufacturing employment total consisting of: (1) operating manufacturing employment for 1950, based on 1950 Annual Survey of Manufactures reports, as shown in column (c); (2) administrative office and auxiliary unit employment for 1949, based on 1949 Old Age and Survivors Insurance program reports, as shown in column (j). (Administrative and auxiliary employment figures for 1949 were used, as 1950 OASI program data were not available for this publication. These totals, therefore, do not reflect a possible change in administrative and auxiliary employment between 1949 and 1950.) 2Source: Census Bureau Form MA-100--Average number of employees based on March, May, August, and November employment totals; represents employment estimates for all establishments classified as engaged primarily in manufacturing activities; these estimates also include some central administrative office and auxiliary unit employment when such offices and units are reported by the concern as part of the manufacturing establishment covered in the Annual Survey of Manufactures. Manufacturing plants which were not in production at any time during the year were excluded from the 1950, but not the 1949, Annual Survey operating establishments data. Employment at such plants in an "idle" or liquidation status is estimated at approximately 82,000 for the first quarter of 1950. 3The percentage standard errors shown in this column indicate the differences that can be expected between the estimates and comparable complete canvass totals, because of sampling fluctuations. The estimates will differ from the complete totals by less than: "Source: Internal Revenue Form SS-la (under OASI program) --Mid-March 1949 employment for all reporting units classified as engaged primarily in manufacturing activities, adjusted seasonally (based on Bureau of Labor Statistics data) to permit direct comparisons with Annual Survey figures which represent 4-month averages. The adjustment factor used consists of: B.L.S. March employment divided by the B.L.S. average employment for March, May, August, and November 1949. (For unadjusted mid-March 1949 employment figures, see the publication, County Business Patterns, First Quarter 1949, "Explanation of Data", table 1.) 5 Source: Internal Revenue Form SS-la (under OASI program)--Number of employees as of mid-March 1949; does not include employment in central administrative offices or auxiliary units for those concerns reporting such employment on Census Form MA-100 for manufacturing establishments; also includes some miscellaneous units of manufacturing concerns assigned to this classification under the OASI program. "The data for North and South Dakota have been combined because of the high standard error of estimate associated with the 1949 and 1950 estimates for each State. |