cessors; and in consequence of this intimate union, the high contracting parties shall endeavour to forward, by all possible means, their respective interests. His Britannic Majesty and his Catholic Majesty declare, however, that in drawing closer the ties so happily subsisting between them, their object is by no means to injure any other state.

Article II. The present alliance shall in no way derogate from the Treaties and alliances which the high contracting parties may have with other powers, it being understood that the said Treaties be not contrary to the friendship and good understanding, which it is the object of the present Treaty to cement and perpetuate.

Article III. It having been agreed, by the Treaty signed at London on the 14th of January 1809, to proceed to the negociation of a Treaty of commerce between Great Britain and Spain, as soon as it should be practicable so to do; and the two high contracting parties, desiring mutually to protect and extend the commerce between their respective subjects, promise to proceed without delay to the formation of a definitive arrangement of commerce.

Article IV. In the event of the commerce of the Spanish American possessions being opened to foreign nations, his Catholic Majesty promises that Great Britain shall be admitted to trade with those possessions as the most favoured nation.

Article V. The present Treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged, within forty days, or sooner, if possible. In witness whereof, we, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, have signed, in virtue of our respective full powers, the present Treaty of friendship and alliance, and have sealed it with the seals of our

arms.

Done at Madrid the 5th of July 1814.

(L. S.) H. WELLESLEY.

ADDITIONAL ARTICLE.

It is agreed that pending the negociation of a new Treaty of commerce, Great Britain shall be admitted to trade with Spain upon the same conditions as those that existed previously to the year 1796, all the Treaties of commerce which at that period subsisted between the two nations being hereby ratified and confirmed. Done at Madrid the 28th August 1814.

(L. S.) H. WELLESLEY.

XIII. CONVENTION

BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND THE UNITED NETHERLANDS, SIGNED AT LONDON THE 13TH AUGUST 1814. Article I. His Britannic Majesty engages to restore to the Prince Sovereign of the United Netherlands, within the term which shall be hereafter fixed, the colonies, factories, and establishments, which were possessed by Holland, at the commencement of the late war, viz. on the 1st January 1803, in the Seas and on the Continents of America, Africa, and Asia, with the exception of the Cape of Good Hope, and the settlements of Demerara, Essequibo, and Berbice, of which possessions the high contracting parties reserve to themselves the right to dispose of, by a supplementary Convention hereafter to be negociated, according to their mutual interests, and especially with reference to the provisions contained in the 6th

and 9th Articles of the Treaty of Peace, signed between his Britan nic Majesty and his most Christian Majesty, on the 30th May 1814. Article II. His Britannic Majesty agrees to cede in full sovereignty the Island of Banca, in the Eastern Seas, to the Prince Sovereign of the Netherlands, in exchange for the settlement of Cochin and its dependencies on the coast of Malabar, which is to remain in full sovereignty to his Britannic Majesty.

Article III. The places and forts in the colonies and settlements, which, by virtue of the two preceding articles, are to be ceded and exchanged by the two high contracting parties, shall be given up in the state in which they may be at the moment of the signature of the present Convention.

Article IV. His Britannic Majesty guarantees to the subjects of his Royal Highness the Prince Sovereign of the United Netherlands, the same facilities, privileges, and protection, with respect to commerce, and the security of their property and persons, within the limits of the British sovereignty on the Continent of India, as are now, or shall be, granted to the most favoured nations.

His Royal Highness the Prince Sovereign, on his part, having nothing more at heart than the perpetual duration of peace between the crown of England and the United Netherlands, and wishing to do his utmost to avoid any thing which might affect their mutual good understanding, engages not to erect any fortifications in the establishments which are to be restored to him, within the limits of the British sovereignty upon the Continent of India, and only to place in those establishments the number of troops necessary for the maintenance of the police.

Article V. Those colonies, factories, and establishments, which are to be ceded to his Royal Highness the Sovereign Prince of the United Netherlands by his Britannic Majesty, in the Seas or on the Continent of America, shall be given up within three months, and those which are beyond the Cape of Good Hope within the six months, which follow the ratification of the present Convention. Done at London the 13th August 1814.

(L. S.) CASTLEREAGH. (L. S.) H. FAGEL.

FIRST ADDITIONAL ARTICLE.

The Prince Sovereign of the Netherlands agrees to cede in full sovereignty to his Britannic Majesty the Cape of Good Hope, and the settlements of Demerara, Essequibo, and Berbice, upon the condition, nevertheless, that the subjects of the said Sovereign Prince, being proprietors in the said colonies or settlements, shall be at liberty (under such regulations as may hereafter be agreed upon in a supplementary Convention) to carry on trade between the said settlements and the territories in Europe of the said Sovereign Prince.

It is also agreed between the two high contracting parties, that the ships of every kind belonging to Holland shall have permission to resort freely to the Cape of Good Hope, for the purposes of refreshment and repairs, without being liable to other charges than such as British subjects are required to pay.

SECOND ADDITIONAL ARTICLE.

The small district of Bernagore, situated close to Calcutta, being requisite

requisite to the due preservation of the peace and police of that city, the Prince of Orange agrees to cede the said district to his Britan nic Majesty, upon a payment of such sum annually to his Royal Highness, as may be considered by commissioners, to be appointed by the respective governments, to be just and reasonable, with reference to the profits or revenue usually derived by the Dutch government from the same.

Done at London the 13th August 1814.

(L. S.) CASTLEREAGH. (L. S.) H. FAGEL.

XIV. CONVENTION

BETWEEN HIS BRITANNIC MAJESTY AND HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SWEDEN.

Article I.. His Britannic Majesty agrees to pay, and his Swedish Majesty to accept, the sum of twenty-four millions of livres, in full discharge and satisfaction of his claims under the 9th article of the Treaty of Paris, by which the Belgic provinces shall be incorporated with Holland as aforesaid.

Article II. It is agreed and understood, that the above arrangement being contingent upon the due execution of the engagements contained in the Treaty of Paris, his Swedish Majesty's rights to compensation from his Britannic Majesty and his allies, shall not be prejudiced by any failure or non-fulfilment of the engagements in question, but shall continue in full force and effect, unless otherwise satisfied, as if this convention had not been made.

Done at London the 13th August 1814.

(L. S.) CASTLEREAGH.

(L. S.) G. M. DE REHAUSEN.

XV. TREATY OF PEACE

BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES. Article I. There shall be a firm and universal Peace between his Britannic Majesty and the United States, and between their respective countries, territories, cities, towns, and people of every degree, without exception of places or persons. All hostilities, both by sea and land, shall cease as soon as this Treaty shall have been ratified by both parties, as hereinafter mentioned. All territory, places, and possessions whatsoever, taken by either party from the other during the war, or which may be taken after the signing of this Treaty, excepting only the Islands hereafter mentioned, shall be restored without delay, and without causing any destruction, or carrying away any of the artillery, or other public property, originally captured in the said forts or places, and which shall remain therein, upon the exchange of the ratification of this Treaty, or any slaves, or other private property; and all archives, records, deeds, and papers, either of a public, or belonging to private persons, which in the course of the war may have fallen into the hands of the officers of either party, shall be, as far as may be practicable, forthwith restored and delivered to the proper authorities and persons to whom they respectively belong. Such of the Islands in the Bay of Passamaquoddy as are claimed.

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by both parties shall remain in the possession of the party in whose occupation they may be at the time of the exchange of the ratifications of this Treaty, until the decision respecting the title to the said Islands shall have been made in conformity with the Fourth Article of this Treaty. No disposition made by this Treaty, as to such possession of the islands and territories claimed by both parties, shall in any manner whatever be construed to affect the right of either.

Article II. Immediately after the ratifications of this Treaty by both parties, as hereinafter mentioned, orders shall be sent to the armies, squadrons, officers, subjects, and citizens of the two powers, to cease from all hostilities; and to prevent all causes of complaint which might arise on account of the prizes which may be taken at sea after the said ratifications of this Treaty, it is reciprocally agreed, that all vessels and effects which may be taken after the space of twelve days from the said ratifications, upon all parts of the coast of North America, from the latitude of twenty-three degrees north, to the latitude of fifty degrees north, and as far eastward in the Atlantic Ocean as the thirty-sixth degree of west longitude, from the meridian of Greenwich, shall be restored on each side; that the same shall be thirty days in all other parts of the Atlantic Ocean north of the equinoctial line, or equator, and the same time for the British and Irish Channels, for the Gulf of Mexico, and all parts of the West Indies; forty days for the North Seas, for the Baltic, and for all parts of the Mediterranean; sixty days for the Atlantic Ocean, south of the equator, as far as the latitude of the Cape of Good Hope; ninety days for every other part of the world, south of the equator; and one hundred and twenty days for all other parts of the world, without exception.

Article III. All prisoners of war taken on either side, as well by land as by sea, shall be restored as soon as practicable after the ratifications of this Treaty, as hereinafter, on their paying the debts which they may have contracted during their captivity. The two contracting parties respectively engage to discharge in specie the advances which may have been made by the other for the sustenance and maintenance of such prisoners.

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Article IV. Whereas it was stipulated, by the Second Article of the Treaty of Peace of 1783, between his Britannic Majesty and the United States of America, that the boundary of the United States should comprehend "All Islands within twenty leagues of any part of the shores of the United States, and lying between "lines to be drawn due east from the points where the aforesaid "boundaries between Nova Scotia on the one part, and East "Florida on the other, shall respectively touch the Bay of Fundy "and the Atlantic Ocean, excepting such Islands as now are, or "heretofore have been, within the limits of Nova Scotia," and whereas the several Islands in the Bay of Passamaquoddy, which is part of the Bay of Fundy, and the Island of Grand Menan, in the said Bay of Fundy, are claimed by the United States, as being comprehended within their aforesaid boundaries, which said Islands are claimed as belonging to his Britannic Majesty, as having been at the time of, and previous to the aforesaid Treaty of 1783, within the limits of the province of Nova Scotia; in order, therefore, finally to decide upon these claims, it is agreed that they shall be referred to two commissioners, to be appointed in the following manner:-viz. one commissioner shall be appointed by his Britannic

Majesty,

Majesty, and one by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof; and the said two commissioners so appointed shall be sworn impartially to examine and decide upon the said claims, according to such evidence as shall be laid before them, on the part of his Britannic Majesty and of the United States respectively. The said commissioners shall meet at St. Andrews, in the province of New Brunswick, and shall have power to adjourn to such other place or places as they shall think fit. The said commissioners shall, by a declaration or report under their hands and seals, decide to which of the two contracting parties the several Islands aforesaid do respectively belong, in conformity with the true intent of the said Treaty of Peace of 1783; and if the said commissioners shall agree in their decision, both parties shall consider such decision as final and conclusive. It is further agreed, that, in the event of the two commissioners differing upon all or any of the matters so referred to them, or in the event of both or either of the said commissioners refusing or declining, or wilfully omitting to act as such, they shall make, jointly or separately, report or reports, as well to the Government of his Britannic Majesty, as to that of the United States, stating in detail the points upon which they differ, and the grounds upon which their respective opinions have been formed, or the grounds upon which they or either of them have so refused, declined, or omitted to act. And his Britannic Majesty and the Government of the United States hereby agree, to refer the report or reports of the said commissioners to some friendly sovereign or state to be then named for that purpose, and who shall be requested to decide on the differences which may be stated in the said report or reports, or upon the report of one commissioner, together with the grounds upon which the other commissioner shall have refused, declined, or omitted to act, as the case may be. And if the commissioner so refusing, declining, or omitting to act, shall also wilfully omit to state the grounds upon which he has so done, in such manner that the said statement may be referred to such friendly sovereign or state, together with the report of such other commissioner, then such sovereign or state shall decide exparte upon the said report alone; and his Britannic Majesty and the Government of the United States engage to consider the decision of such friendly sovereign or state to be final and conclusive on all the matters so referred.

Article V. Whereas neither that point of the Highlands lying due north from the source of the river St. Croix, designated in the former Treaty of Peace between the two powers as the north-west angle of Nova Scotia, nor the north-westernmost head of Connecticut River, have yet been ascertained; and whereas that part of the boundary line between the dominions of the two powers which extends from the source of the river St. Croix, directly north to the above-mentioned north-west angle of Nova Scotia, thence along the said Highlands which divide those rivers that empty themselves into the river St. Lawrence, from those which fall into the Atlantic Ocean, to the north-westernmost head of Connecticut River, thence down along the middle of that river, to the forty-fifth degree of north latitude, thence by a line due west on said latitude, until it strikes the river Iroquois, on Cataraguy, has not yet been surveyed, it is agreed, that for these several purposes two commissioners shall be appointed, sworn, and authorized to act exactly in the

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