Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... modern Surabaya . The significance of the decision to build a modern port rather than a small lighterage basin can be appreciated from the striking contrast with Semarang ( Stevens 1984 ) . In the. Figure 2.2 . Loading sugar in the modern ...
... modern technology . Until the late nineteenth century Surabaya at night had been as pitch - black as any village . Being a rough port city , however , it was a great deal more dangerous . During the twelve dark hours it was foolhardy to ...
... modern , which was a great source of pride to its Dutch citizens . The governor of East Java could boast that Surabaya was " the most modern city in the Indies " ( Lumkeman , 1939 , 66 ) . There was a growing self - confidence that ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |