Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... later ( Ricklefs 1974 , 38-39 ) . By virtue of its proximity to the court of Mataram , Semarang became the center of the VOC administration and commerce on the north coast of Java . Surabaya was very much subordinate and had to share ...
... later to the occupation of SOBSI headquarters ( Crouch 1978 , 146 ) . The risk of armed conflict remained high but the PKI attempted no general insurrection and the army was able to maintain an un- easy peace . Violence first broke out ...
... later defined to encompass works such as road improvement , the paving of footpaths and kampung lanes along with storm gutters , drains , and local sanitary works but to exclude major sanitary works , housing improvements , malaria ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |