HISTORICAL NOTE The United States Court of Military Appeals The United States Court of Military Appeals was established under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (Act of May 5, 1950, PL 506, 81st Congress, c 169, § 1, 64 Stat 108, 50 USC (chap 22) §§ 551-736). The organization, duties and powers of the court are specified in Article 67 of this Code. On June 20, 1951, the following members of the court were appointed under the authority of that Act: Robert E. Quinn, Chief Judge; George W. Latimer, Judge; and Paul W. Brosman, Judge. Brevet Major General Joseph Holt.... Sept 3, 1862-Dec 1, 1875 Brigadier General William M. Dunn . Dec 1, 1875-Jan 22, 1881 1 Colonel Tudor was "Judge Advocate of the Army" prior to August 10, 1776, and "Judge Advocate General" thereafter. 2 Captain Smith was "Judge Marshal and Advocate General to the Legion of the United States," prior to June 2, 1797, and "Judge Advocate of the Army" thereafter. Between 1802 and 1849 judge advocates were appointed from time to time for divisions of the Army but there was no judge advocate or judge advocate general of the entire Army. 3 Major Lee was "Judge Advocate of the Army." The Judge Advocates General, United States Navy The first solicitor of the Navy Department-Nathaniel Wilson-was appointed by the Secretary of the Navy in 1864. Congress, a year later, established the Office of Solicitor and Naval Judge Advocate General for the duration of the rebellion and one year thereafter. (Act of March 2, 1865, c 76, 13 Stat 468) This office was continued by annual appropriations until 1870, when the Department of Justice was established and the Office of the Solicitor and Naval Judge Advocate General was transferred to it and became the Office of Naval Solicitor. (Act of June 22, 1870, c 150, 16 Stat 162) The Office of Naval Solicitor in the Department of Justice was ultimately abolished by Congress in 1878. (Act of June 19, 1878, c 329, 20 Stat 205) Two years later Congress created the Office of the Judge Advocate General of the Navy. (Act of June 8, 1880, c 129, 21 Stat 164) The Office of Solicitor and Naval Judge Advocate General was held by Mr. William E. Chandler from March 9 to June 9, 1865, and by Mr. John A. Bolles from June 10, 1865 to June 22, 1870. Mr. Bolles continued as Naval solicitor with the Department of Justice until May 25, 1878. The following officers have held the office of Judge Advocate General of the Navy: June 8, 1880-June 4, 1892 June 4, 1892-June 3, 1904 .... June 4, 1904-Nov 12, 1907 Nov 12, 1907-Nov 4, 1909 . Nov 4, 1909-Nov 5, 1913 . Nov 5, 1913-Dec 2, 1916 Jan 6, 1917-Apr 15, 1918 July 20, 1918—Apr 30, 1921 Apr 30, 1921-Apr 30, 1925 Apr 30, 1925-Apr 29, 1929 June 13, 1929-Aug 1, 1931 .... Aug 1, 1931-June 1, 1934 Colonel William B. Remey, USMC June 1, 1934-June 1, 1936 June 1, 1936-June 20, 1938 June 20, 1938-Sept 1, 1943 Sept 1, 1943-Nov 16, 1945 Nov 16, 1945-June 18, 1948 ... June 18, 1948-June 18, 1952 . June 18, 1952 United States Coast Guard The Coast Guard operates as a part of the Treasury Department during peace time. It is an outgrowth of the Revenue Cutter Service which was born with the Tariff Act of August 4, 1790 (1 Stat 175). Courts were first established by the Act of May 26, 1906 (34 Stat 200) "An act to regulate enlistments and punishments in the United States Revenue Cutter Service." This act provided that no sentence could be carried into effect without the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury. Subsequent legislation continued this restriction (except for deck courts) until enactment of the Uniform Code of Military Justice (Act of May 5, 1950, PL 506, 81st Congress c 169 § 1, 64 Stat 108). This Act provides in substance, in Article 1, section (4), that the term Judge Advocate General shall be construed to refer to the General Counsel of the Treasury Department except when the Coast Guard is operating as a part of the Navy. Mr. Elbert P. Tuttle is and has been General Counsel of the Treasury Department since January 30, 1953. The Chief Counsel, U. S. Coast Guard, is the representative of the General Counsel assigned to the Coast Guard as its chief legal officer. Mr. Kenneth S. Harrison is and has been the Chief Counsel of the Coast Guard since 1938. The Judge Advocate General, United States Air Force The Act of 25 June 1948 (PL 775, 80th Cong, c 648 sec 1, 62 Stat 1014) established the office of The Judge Advocate General, United States Air Force. On 8 September 1948, Major General Reginald C. Harmon was appointed The Judge Advocate General, United States Air Force, for a term of four years under the authority of that Act. Section 410 of the Air Force Organization Act of 1951 (Act of 19 September 1951, PL 150, 82d Cong c 407) repealed Section 1 of the Act of 25 June 1948, but under Section 310 of the Air Force Organization Act, General Harmon continued in office for the remainder of his term. On 5 September 1952, his appointment was extended for a term of four years effective 8 September 1952. |