structions to have them proclaimed in the province. Unfortunately, these instructions did not arrive in due time, and, even after the new sovereigns had been acknowledged by the neighboring colonies, the authorities hesitated to act until they should receive instructions from the Proprietary.

The

3 The ill-will of the people had been excited against the deputies, and every measure they adopted was looked upon with suspicion. public arms were collected, in fear of a general outbreak. At length the unfortunate delay to proclaim William and Mary brought affairs to a crisis.

4. In April, 1689, "An association in arms for the defence of the Protestant religion, and for asserting the rights of King William and Queen Mary to the province of Maryland and all the English Dominions" was formed. John Coode, who had already been once guilty of treason and rebellion, was at the head of this association.

5. It was, perhaps, unfortunate for this association that it was identified with a person of such an exceptionable character. He was a man of loose morals and desperate habits. Assuming to be in holy orders, he was yet so depraved that he was presented by the grand jury for atheism and blasphemy. To escape trial he fled to Virginia, whence he would frequently come back, declaring

Questions.-2. Why did not the authorities act? 3. What is said in this section? 4. What association was formed? Who was at the head of it? 5. What was the character of this man?

as he had overthrown one government he would pull down another.

6. The king sustained the acts of a revolution, which was, in fact, only a continuation of that which placed him on the throne, and, in 1691, appointed Sir Lionel Copley, first royal governor of the province.

7. Early in 1692, Governor Copley summoned a General Assembly, which met at St. Mary's. Their first act was the recognition of William and Mary; their next, the overthrow of equal toleration, and the establishment of the Church of England as the State Church of Maryland.

8. The legislature proceeded to pass oppressive acts against all who differed from the creed of the dominant party. These laws, in time, were modified or repealed, though some of the obnoxious restrictions continued until the revolution of 1776, when religious liberty was the acknowledged right of all.

9. They next endeavored to deprive the Proprietary of his personal rights in the province. Lord Baltimore appealed to the king, who issued a royal letter authorizing him to collect his revenues. The convention refused to submit, and threw his agents into prison. The king and council, however, having expressly decided in favor of Lord

Questions.-6. What is said of the king? 7. What was the first act of the Assembly? 8. What further acts did the legislature pass? 9. What did they attempt? What did Lord Baltimore do? and what the convention?

Baltimore, the assembly at length yielded, as far as port and tonnage duties were concerned.

10. From the Proprietary the assembly turned to old St. Mary's. In that part of the province his firmest supporters dwelt, and the assembly determined to punish them by removing the seat of government from their capital. Another weighty reason was that the colony had now so extended that St. Mary's was inconveniently situated for those who had business before the legislature and the courts.

11. As the very existence of the town depended upon its being the seat of government, it is natural that its inhabitants prayed and protested against this change. Their prayers and protests were in vain. The seat of government was removed to New Providence, which thenceforth was called Annapolis.

12. Sir Lionel Copley was succeeded by Francis Nicholson, who was principally active in securing the success of the established Church, and promoting the cause of Education. He was commissioned in 1691, but did not enter upon his duties until 1694, the government being administered by Sir Edmond Andros, after the death of Copley, till the arrival of his successor.

13. During the administration of Nicholson, several beneficial improvements were effected. In

Questions.-10. What was the next step of the assembly? 11. Why did the town of St. Mary's protest? Where was the capital removed to? 12. By whom was Copley succeeded? 13. What took place during the administration of Nicholson?

1695, a public post was established; the route extended from the Potomac, through Annapolis, to Philadelphia. The system, in some of its features, was well suited to the condition of the province.

14. Under the royal government, the population did not increase as rapidly as formerly. Three principal causes operated to check immigration, namely, universal toleration had ceased; lands were no longer given as a bounty to the iminigrants; and, the fluctuations in the tobacco trade. To add to these misfortunes, a destructive disease made its appearance among the stock of the farmers and planters; and, two years later, a violent and raging mortality made its appearance among the people of Charles county.

15. During the administration of the royal governors, the hand of the crown seemed to weigh like an incubus upon the prosperity of Maryland. For a quarter of a century the limits of the settlements were but little advanced; the population but feebly increased, and the foreign and domestic resources, at best, remained stationary. Religious liberty

had taken flight, and with the overthrow of equal toleration, and the establishment of a church, was destroyed that true civil freedom which cannot exist for the body while the spirit is enchained.

Questions.-14. What is said of the population under the royal government? What were the causes? 15. What is said of the prosperity under the royal governors?

CHAPTER XIV.

1714-1751 - THE RESTORATION OF THE PROVINCE Death of Charles, Lord Baltimore-Province restored to his Son-Undisturbed Tranquillity-Policy towards Indians-Establishment of Baltimore--Fell's PointCommercial Advantages-Elk Ridge Landing--Annapolis- Maryland Gazette - Frederick - Georgetown— Death of Proprietary—State of the Colony.

and had the government of the province restored to him. He only lived long enough, however, to be acknowledged Lord Proprietary.

2. By his death in 1715, the province fell to his infant son, Charles, who was educated in the Pro

Questions.-1. Who succeeded Charles, Lord Baltimore? What is said of him? 2. How long did he live, and who succeeded him?