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beef to the inhabitants of neighboring states. Many mechanical arts have been introduced among them. They have carpenters and blacksmiths; and many of the women spin and weave and make butter and cheese. The population, instead of decreasing, as is the case generally with tribes surrounded by the whites, increases very rapidly. There are now 13,563 natives in the nation; 147 white men, and 73 white women, who have intermarried with them. They own 1,277 slaves. Total, 15,060 souls; increase in the last six years 3,563.

"Their government is republican, and power is vested in a Committee and Council, answering to our Senate and House of Representatives. The members are elected once in two years. Newtown is the seat of government. Their judges act with authority, and prevent entirely the use of ardent spirits, during the sessions of their courts. The mission at Spring Place was established in 1801. Since that time nearly a dozen have been brought into operation in various parts of the nation. The number of children in the several missionary schools is nearly 500, all learning the English language."

XVI. ALABAMA.

MOBILE, in the southern part of Alabama, was settled long since by the Spanish; yet the territory which now forms this state contained but very few civilized inhabitants before 1810. Since that time its increase in population has been exceedingly rapid.

Alabama was erected into a térritorial government in 1817; the inhabitants formed a Constitution in 1819; and in 1820, it was admitted into the Union.

GOVERNORS.

William W. Bibb, appointed 1817, Governor of the Territory of Alabama.

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The legislative power is vested in two branches, a Senate and House of Representatives, which together are styled The General Assembly of the State of Alabama.

The representatives are elected annually, and are apportioned among the different counties in proportion to the white population; the whole number cannot exceed 100, nor fall short of 60. The senators are elected for three

years, and one third of them are chosen every year. Their number cannot be more than one third, nor less than one fourth of the number of representatives.

The executive power is vested in a Governor, who is elected by the people, for two years; and is eligible 4 years out of 6.

The representatives and one third of the senators are elected annually on the first Monday in August and the day following; and the governor is elected biennially at the same time.

The General Assembly meets annually (at Tuscaloosa) on the fourth Monday in October.

The right of suffrage is possessed by every white, male citizen of 21 years of age, who has resided within the state one year next preceding an election, and the last three months within the county, city, or town, in which he offers his vote.

The judicial power is vested in one Supreme Court, in Circuit Courts, and such inferior courts as the General Assembly may, from time to time, direct and establish. The judges, after November in 1833, are to be elected by a joint vote of both Houses of the General Assembly, every six years. THE EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATURE.

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$425 & perquisites.

Constantine Perkins, Attorney General,

The Senate now consists of 22 members; the House of Representatives of 72 members. The pay of the members of both Houses is $4 per day

each.

JUDICIARY.

The state is divided into Seven Circuits, in each of which there is a circuit judge; and the Supreme Court is formed by a union of these seven judges.

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Bills of exchange payable at Mobile and New Orleans, 686,927 09 The Bank of the United States has an Office of Discount and Deposit at Mobile.

INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT.

By an act of Congress of March 2, 1819, it was provided that 5 per cent. of the net proceeds of all the sales of public lands in this state, made subsequently to September 1, 1819, should be reserved for making public roads and canals, and improving the navigation of rivers. Three fifths of the amount were directed to be applied to these objects within the state, and two fifths to the making of a road or of roads leading to the state, under the direction of Congress. This act gave rise to what is commonly called the "Three per cent. Fund," which has been vested in the Bank of the State of Alabama ; and it amounted, according to the report of the State Treasurer, on the 26th of November, 1829, to $96,355 77. A Board of Internal Improvement, to consist of six commissioners, was established by the General Assembly in January, 1830, under whose superintendence the income of this fund is to be appropriated to objects of public utility, as roads, canals, &c.

On the 23d of May, 1828, Congress made a grant to this state of 400,000 acres of relinquished and unappropriated lands for improving the navigation of the Muscle Shoals and Colbert's Shoals in the Tennessee; and likewise for improving the navigation of the Coosa, Cahawba, and BlackWarrior rivers.

EDUCATION.

An institution styled the University of the State of Alabama, was established by an act of the General Assembly of December 18, 1819, and incorporated by a supplementary act passed December 18, 1820. By an act of Congress of March 2, 1819, one section of land (640 acres) was granted to the inhabitants of each township for the use of schools, and 72 sections, or two townships, for the support of a seminary of learning. The funds of the University consist of the proceeds of these lands. According to a report of the President of the Board of Trustees, dated January 14, 1830, 21,845 75 acres had been sold for the sum of $304,651 06, of which $111,712 59 had been invested in 6 per cent. stock; and 24,234-25 acres remained unsold. The sum of $31,664 79 had been expended upon the

college buildings, which are situated a mile from the town of Tuscaloosa, but are not yet finished.

La Grange College, in Franklin county, was incorporated in January, 1830; but it has not received any public endowment. Twenty-four academies have been incorporated in the state.

XVII. MISSISSIPPI.

THIS state was included within the country which was discovered and possessed by the French, who formed a settlement at Natchez about the year 1716; but in 1763, it was ceded to the English, with the rest of the French possessions to the east of the Mississippi.

There were but few inhabitants within the present limits of this state before the end of the last century. In 1798, the country was erected into a territorial government; and in 1817, into an independent state.

GOVERNORS

Under the Territorial Government.

Winthrop Sargent, appointed 1798 | Robert Williams, appointed 1805 Wm. C. C. Claiborne, do. 1802 David Holmes,

do.

1809

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The Constitution of this state was formed at the town of Washington, in August, 1817.

The legislative power is vested in a Senate and a House of Representatives, which are together styled The General Assembly of the State of Mississippi.

The representatives are elected annually on the first Monday in August, in the ratio of one to every 3,000 white inhabitants. Each county, however, is entitled to one; and the present whole number is 33. According to the Constitution, when the number of white inhabitants exceeds 80,000, the number of representatives cannot be less than 36, nor more than 100.

The members of the Senate are elected for three years, one third being chosen annually. Their number cannot be less than one fourth, nor more than one third of the whole number of representatives.

The executive power is vested in a Governor, who is elected by the people, for two years, on the first Monday in August. At every election of Governor, a Lieutenant Governor is also chosen, who is President of the Senate, and on whom the executive duties devolve in case of the death, resignation, or absence of the governor.

The General Assembly meets (at Jackson) annually on the first Monday in November.

The right of suffrage is granted to every free, white, male citizen of the United States, of the age of 21 years or upwards, who has resided within this state one year next preceding an election, and the last six months within the county, city, or town in which he offers to vote, and is enrolled in the militia thereof, unless exempted by law from military service; or having the aforesaid qualifications of citizenship and residence, has paid a state or county tax.

The judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court, and such superior and inferior courts of law and equity, as the legislature may, from time to time, establish. The judges of the several courts are elected by the General Assembly, and hold their offices during good behavior, till the age of 65 years.

GOVERNMENT.

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Gerard C. Brandon, Governor; (last elected on the first Mon-
day in August, 1829; installed January 9, 1830)
Abraham M. Scott, Lieutenant Governor ;-Pay $6 a day

during the session

John A. Grimball,
James Phillips,

H. G. Runnels,

of the Legislature.

Secretary of State,

State Treasurer,

Auditor of Public Accounts,

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Salary.

{ $2,500

1,200

1,000

1,000

1,000

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The state is divided into five districts, in which the judges of the Supreme Court severally hold Circuit Courts. These courts have original

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