EDUCATION. The principal literary seminaries in Maine are Bowdoin College at Brunswick; Waterville College at Waterville; the Bangor Theological Seminary at Bangor; the Gardiner Lyceum at Gardiner, which was established "for the purpose of giving to farmers and mechanics, such a scientific education as may enable them to become skilful in their professions"; the Marine Wesleyan Seminary at Readfield; and 29 incorporated academies. Every town is required by law to raise annually, for the support of common schools, a sum equal at least to 40 cents for each person in the town, and to distribute this sum among the several school districts according to the number of scholars in each. According to the reports made in 1826, there were, in the state, 2,499 school districts; 137,931 children between the ages of 4 and 21; of which 101,325 usually attended school; the sum required by law to be annually raised, $119,334; annual expenditure $137,878,57. II. NEW HAMPSHIRE. THE earliest grant of the territory of New Hampshire was made in 1622, to John Mason and Ferdinando Gorges; and the first settlements were begun, in 1623, at Dover and Portsmouth. In 1641, the settlements in New Hampshire voluntarily put themselves under the government of the colony of Massachusetts, and were allowed to send representatives to the General Court at Boston, till 1679, when a new government was formed, and New Hampshire was made a separate province. In 1686, New Hampshire was placed, together with the rest of New England, under the government of Sir Edmund Andros; in 1689, the union with Massachusetts was revived, and continued till 1692. From 1699 to 1702, it was united with Massachusetts and New York; in 1702, it was again united with Massachusetts, and so continued till 1741, when a final separation took place. John Cutt, Richard Waldron, GOVERNORS, &c. Under the Royal Government. President, 1680 Walter Barefoot, Dep. Gov. 1685 do. 1681 Joseph Dudley, Edward Cranfield, Lieut. Gov. 1682 President, 1686 In 1686 under the government of Sir Edmund Andros. In 1689 the union with Massachusetts revived. John Usher, Lieut. Gov. 1692 | Samuel Allen, Governor, 1698 William Partridge, In 1699 united with Massachusetts and New York. Benning Wentworth, Gov. 1741 | John Wentworth, Gov. 1767 The English government terminated in 1775, and in 1776 a temporary government was formed, which continued during the war; Meshech Weare being annually elected President. A Constitution was established in 1784; and in 1792, this Constitution was altered and amended, by a convention of delegates held at Concord, and is now in force. The legislative power is vested in a Senate and House of Representatives, which, together, are styled The General Court of New Hampshire. Every town, or incorporated township, having 150 ratable polls, may send one representative; and for every 300 additional polls, it is entitled to an additional representative. The Senate consists of 12 members, who are chosen by the people in districts. The executive power is vested in a Governor and a Council, which consists of five members. The governor, council, senators, and representatives are all elected annually, by the people, on the second Tuesday in March; and their term of service commences on the first Wednesday in June. The General Court meets annually (at Concord) on the first Wednesday in June. The right of suffrage is granted to every male inhabitant of 21 years of age, excepting paupers and persons excused from paying taxes at their own request. The judiciary power is vested in a Superior Court and a Court of Common Pleas. The judges are appointed by the governor and council, and hold their offices during good behavior, but not beyond the age of 70 years. Government for the Year ending on the first Tuesday in June, 1831. 1. John F. Parrot, 2. Jacob Freeze, LEGISLATURE. Residence. Portsmouth. Deerfield. 3. Frederic G. Stark, Manchester. Senators. 7. William Bixby, Residence. Francestown. 8. Benjamin Evans, Warner. 9. Levi Chamberlain, Fitzwilliam. 10. Eleazar Jackson, Jr. Cornish. 11. Elijah Miller, Hanover. 12. Samuel Cartland, Haverhill. Joseph M. Harper, President of the Senate. Samuel C. Webster, of Plymouth, Speaker of the House of Representatives. Pay of the counsellors, senators, and representatives, $2,00 a day, for attendance during the session of the legislature, and 10 cents a mile for travel of the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, also the counsellors (when in service, except during the session of the legislature,) $2,50 a day. : The Bank of the United States has an office of Discount and Deposit at Portsmouth EDUCATION. New Hampshire has a college at Hanover, styled Dartmouth College, with which a medical school is connected; a small academical theological institution at New Hampton; and about 30 incorporated academies, of which the oldest and best endowed is Phillips Academy at Exeter. Common schools are established throughout the state, and for their support a sum, amounting, each year since 1818, to $90,000, is annually raised by a separate tax. The state has a Literary Fund amounting to $64,000, formed by a tax of one half per cent. on the capital of the banks. The proceeds of this fund, and also an annual income of $9,000 derived from a tax on banks, are appropriated to aid the support of schools. III. VERMONT. FORT DUMMER, in the southeast part of Vermont, was built in 1724; and Bennington, the oldest town in the state, was chartered in 1749, by Benning Wentworth, governor of New Hampshire. The territory of Vermont was originally claimed both by New Hampshire and New York; and its political condition was, for a considerable time, unsettled; but the people preferring to have a separate government, formed a Constitution in 1777, under which a government was organized in March, 1788; and in 1791, Vermont was admitted into the Union. OUTLINES OF THE CONSTITUTION. The first Constitution of this state was formed in 1777; the one now in operation was adopted on the 4th of July, 1793. The legislative power is vested in a single body, a House of Representatives, elected annually, on the first Tuesday in September, every town in the state being entitled to send one representative. The representatives meet (at Montpelier) annually on the second Thursday of the October succeeding their election, and are styled The General Assembly of the State of Vermont. The executive power is vested in a Governor, Lieutenant Governor, and a Council of 12 persons, who are all chosen annually by the freemen on the first Tuesday in September, and their term of office commences on the second Thursday in October. They are empowered to commission all officers; to sit as judges to consider and determine on impeachments; to prepare and lay before the General Assembly such business as shall appear to them necessary; and have power to revise and propose amendments to the laws passed by the House of Representatives. The Constitution grants the right of suffrage to every man of the full age of 21 years, who has resided in the state for the space of one whole year, next before the election of representatives, and is of quiet and peaceable behavior. The judiciary power is vested in a Supreme Court consisting of three judges; and of a County Court of three judges for each county. The judges of the Supreme, County, and Probate Courts, sheriffs, and justices of the peace, are elected annually by the General Assembly. A Council of Censors, consisting of 13 persons, are chosen every seven years (first elected in 1799) on the last Wednesday in March, and meet on the first Wednesday in June. Their duty is to inquire whether the Constitution has been preserved inviolate; whether the legislative and executive |