186 11 6 50.5 178 18 48 52.8 Sun North of the Equator (Spring and Summer) (Winter and Autumn) Lerigth of the tropical year, commencing at the winter solstice, 1830, and ending at the winter solstice, 1831 Mean or average length of the tropical year } 365 5 55 43.3 365 5 48 47.8 EMBER DAYS. February 23d, 25th, and 26th. September 21st, 23d, and 24th. MOVABLE FESTIVALS OF THE CHURCH IN 1831. May 9. Septuagesima Sunday, January 30. | Rogation Monday, Tuesday, 27. | Trinity Sunday, Easter Day, April 3. Corpus Christi Day, Low Sunday, 10. Advent Sunday, Rogation Sunday, May 8. 66 10. 6 12. " 22. 5 29. June 2. JEWISH CALENDAR. The Fasts or Feasts marked with an asterisk are strictly observed. . Names of the Months. 5591 21st of Nisan *Seventh Feast April 4, 1831. 22d *End of the Passover 5, 14, May 1, 13, 18, 19, June 12, 17th Fast for the Taking of the Temple 28, 1st of Ab July 11, 9th *Fast for the Burning of the Temple 19, 1st of Elul Aug. 10, 5592 1st of Tisri *Feast for the New Year Sept. 8, 9, Fast of Gedaljah 10th *Feast of the Reconciliation *Feast of the Huts or Tabernacles 23, Feast of Palms or Branches 22d *End of the Congregation, or Hut Feast 23d *Rejoicing for the Discovery of the Law 1st of Marchesvan Oct. 8, Nov. 6, 30, Dec. 5, Fast for the Siege of Jerusalem 14, Jan. 3, 1832. Appearance of the Sun, at the apparent Conjunction of the Sun and Moon, in the Eclipse of the 12th of February, at Petersburg, Va., Cahawba, Siasconset, Halifax, and all other places where the Sun is centrally, or very nearly centrally, eclipsed. Appearance of the Sun, at the greatest Obscuration, at Natchez, Nashville, Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, New Haven, Hartford, Boston, New Bedford, Porismouth, Portland, and all other places where the Sun will be about 111 digits eclipsed on his South Limb. ECLIPSES OF THE SUN AND MOON IN 1831. There will be two eclipses of the Sun, viz, on the 12th of February and 7th of August. The former will be annular, and the latter total. There will be two eclipses of the Moon also, both partial ; viz. on the 26th of February and 23d of August. I. Annular eclipse of the Sun on Saturday, February 12th, visible through. out the United States. [In the computation of this eclipse, Carlini's tables, corrected by the formulæ of Professor Bessel, were used for the Solar elements, and the tables of Damoiseau for the elements of the Moon. Damoiseau's tables were preferred to those of Burckhardt and Burg, not only from the circumstance that they are of later date, but because the apparent latitude of the Moon in this eclipse, deduced from these tables, is very nearly the mean of that deduced from the other two, as will be seen by turning to the phases of the eclipse at Nantucket, Halifax, and Boston; the difference, however, between them amounts to a very few seconds only, especially in the longitude. The elements of the eclipse, as given by these tables respectively, will be found in the Appendix to this part. They were computed twice with great care, for February 12th, 2d, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th hours, for the meridian of Paris, and thence interpolated for every quarter of an hour for the meridian of Greenwich. The ellipticity of the Earth was considered one three-hundredth ; according to which quantity the equatorial parallax of the Moon was invariably diminished, and the latitude of each place reduced. In computing the paths of the different digits, and of the contact of the limbs, the augmentation of the Moon's diameter, on account of her altitude was taken into consideration. The diameter of the Sun was diminished 7'' for irradiation. The Moon's motion was not considered uniform throughout the eclipse, as is sometiines done, but her actual distance froin the Sun in Right Ascension, and the difference of their declinations, were made use of in each computation.] The Longitudes are reckoned from Greenwich. Phases of the General Eclipse. Mean Time at Mean Time at| Latitude of Longitude of the place. the place. Beginning of the general h. m. h. m. eclipse, or eclipse first 42 4M. 6 28 34 M. 14 9 n. 126 18 w. seen at sunrise Latest termination of the eclipse in the Atlantic Ocean, near the Western Islands. End of the general e clipse, or eclipse last 2 44 53 A. 15 27 A. 40 16 N. 36 22 W. seen at sunset Duration of the entire eclipse for the whole earth bh. 2m. 49s. at Path of the Central-Eclipse, that of the contact of the Limbs, and of sev eral of the Digits. [By the tables of Burckhardt, these paths will pass about 6 miles farther north, and by those of Burg, about 6 miles farther south.] The Sun will not be eclipsed less than six digits, on his south limb, in any part of the Earth; but the path of six digits, on his south limb, will be almost exactly in contact with the Earth, at sunrise, at Oh. 15m. A. Mean Time at Washington, in Latitude 70° N., Longitude 1241° W. Path of 9 Digits eclipsed on the South Limb. Mean time Mean time Latitude Longitude of the of h. m. S. Sun rises 9 digits eclipsed at 11 19 26 M.)" 7 10 44M. 44 41 n. 139 6 W. North Pacific. Sun 9 digits eclipsed 22 18 59 52 42 5.6 127 32.0 52 18 10 5 2 11 28.0 103 44.5 Missouri Territ. 11 29 15 45 36.6 90 11.2 Northwest 37 18 0 12 42 A. 48 56.9 83 4.6 Upper Canada. 37 55 14 34 49 6.5 82 45.6 52 18 1 3 53 53 36.7 74 1.7 Labrador. 17 18 2 23 14 61 59.0 56 41.6 Davis' Straits. Sun sets 9 digits eclipsed at 10 38 3 42 0 63 32.0 39 5.0 Greenland. Duration of this path on the Earth lh. 51m. 12s. * On the meridian of the place. " [ico. The path of nine digits begins in the north Pacific Ocean, passes over the northern or internal provinces of the Republic of Mexico, the Missouri and Northwest Territories of the United States, Lake Superior, Upper Canada, Labrador, and Davis' Straits, and ends with the setting of the Sun in Greenland. Eleven Digits on the South Limb. at of the of Wash'ion. the place. place. the place. h. in. s. h. m. s. Sun ris. 11 dig. ec. 11 3 28 M. 6 54 54 M. 35 41 N. 139 4 w. North Pacific Ocean. Sun 11 digits ec. at 7 18 7 19 31 33 5.2 126 22.3 22 18 9 2 12 31 25.8 111 57.0 Internal or northern prov37 18 49 35 42.7 103 51.3 inces of the Republic 52 18 10 29 52 32 47.6 97 32.1 of Mexico. 57 18 42 31 33 17.2 95 37.2 7 18 11 7 12 34 27.4 91 56.9 Little Rock. 90 8.7 Ark. Ter., near Tenn. 17 18 31 42 51.8 88 19.6 Carrol Co., Tennessee. 22 18 43 56 36 39.7 86 30.9 Robertson Co., 27 18 56 18 37 31.5 84 40.4 Washington Co., Kentuc. 32 18 0 90 A. 38 27.5 82 45.0 Lawrence Co., 34 26 14 34 53.0 81 53.6 Mason Co., Virginia. 37 18 22 2 39 28.3 80 44.4 Tyler" 42 18 35 26 40 33.6 78 38.5 Cambria Co., Pennsylv. 47 18 49 25 41 44.7 76 23.7 Bradford « 52 18 1 4 13 43 2.7 73 56.7 Saratoga " N. York. 57 18 20 11 44 29.2 71 12.2 Coog N. Hamp. 1 2 18 37 34 46 5.7 68 6.6 Penobscot Co., Maine. 7 18 56 44 47 55.0 64 34.1 Bay, Chaleur. 22 18 3 36 2 56 53.4 43 29.6 Atlantio Ocean. Sun sets 11 dig. ec. 23 43 4 34 17 160 40.0 29 17.0 " near Iceland. Duration of this path on the Earth 2h. 20m. 15s. t On the meridian of the place. |