with laurel branch in her right hand; a cornucopiæ in her left. At her side is a vase filled with ears of corn; on her left, a portion of a ship, in which are three infants.

Cooke describes a similar reverse thus: The emperor, with a cornucopiæ in his left hand, and the figure of Ceres in his right; at his feet is a measure of wheat, and behind him, a ship with rowers. Legend: ANN. AVG. TR. P. VIII. IMP. VI. COS.... Commemorating the establishment of a fleet by which regular supplies of corn were imported into Africa from Rome.

5. Septimus Severus, AR. SEVER.... RT. MAX. Reverse: VIRTVS. AVGG. Valour armed; a Victory in his right hand, a lance in left, leaning on a shield.

6. Caracalla, AR.

ANTONINVS. PIVS. AVG. Reverse PART. MAX. PONT. TR.

P. III. The Parthian Trophy, with two captives.

7. Elagabalus, AR.

IMP. ANTONINVS. PIVS. AVG. Reverse: SVMMVS. SACERDOS. AVG. The Emperor sacrificing as Priest of the Sun, which appears over head; Patera in his right hand, laurel branch in his left.

The Phoenician name of the Sun is El Gabal, Deus Creator; hence Elagabalus.

Cooke.

8. Julia Paula, AR. IVLIA. PAVLA. AVG.

:

Reverse:

press, sitting in her right hand a patera; below, a star, or perhaps the sun. This coin is said to commemorate her marriage with Elagabalus. 9. Severus Alexander, AR. IMP. C. M. AVR. SEV. ALEXANDER. AVG. P. M. TR. P. IIII. COS. II. P. P. A soldier: a spear in his right hand, a shield in his left.

10. Julia Mamæa, AR.

IVLIA. MAMAEA. AVG. Reverse: IVNO. CONSERVATRIX. The goddess standing: a patera in her right hand, a lance in her left, her peacock at her feet.

11. Gordian III., AR.

IMP. C. GORDIANVS. PIVS. FEL. AVG.

Reverse: LAE

TITIA. AVG. N. Figure of Joy: a garland in her right hand; in her left, an anchor (or perhaps the hasta pura).

12. Valerian, AR. IMP. C. P. LIC. VALERIANVS. AVG.

Head of Valerian, with

radiated crown. Reverse: FIDES. MILITVM. A female figure with a standard in either hand: probably those of the 30th and 6th legions, Ulpia and Pia Fidelis, which were particularly attached to Valerian.

17. Gallienus, Æ. iii.

GALLIENVS. AVG.

Reverse: FORTVNA. REDVX.

Female standing a ship's rudder in her right, a cornucopiæ in her left hand.

GALLIENVS. AVG. Reverse: ABVNDANTIA. AVG. Plenty

pouring riches from a cornucopiæ. In the field: on the left, s.

GALLIENVS. AVG. Reverse: MARTI. PACIFERO. Mars holding aloft an olive branch, and touching a spear and shield with his left hand.

GALLIENVS. AVG.

The flying gryphon.

GALLIENVS. AVG.

stag.

GALLIENVS. AVG.

eagle displayed.

23. Gallienus, AR. (base).

Reverse: APOLLINI. CONS. AVG.

Reverse: DIANAE. CONS. AVG. A

Reverse: A consecration type. An

GALLIENVS. P. F. AVG. Armed bust of the Emperor: a lance on his right shoulder, a shield in his left hand. Reverse: GERMANICUS. MAXV. A trophy between two captives sitting, their hands bound behind their backs.

This coin is by no means of usual occurrence. The title of Germanicus Maximus was given to Gallienus when, having been appointed his father's colleague, he was sent into Gaul to repel the attacks of the Germans. These he thoroughly vanquished. Gruter gives an inscription in which he is called Dacicus and Germanicus Maximus, p. 275.

24. Salonina, Æ. iii. SALONINA. AVG. Reverse: PVDICITIA.

A female figure

veiling her face with her right hand, a spear held horizontally in the other.

25. Postumus, AR. IMP. C. POSTVMVS. P. F. AVG. Reverse: IOVI. PROPVGNATORI. Jupiter, hurling lightning with his right hand, and holding his eagle with left.

26. Postumus (jun?) Æ. iij. IMP. C. POSTVMVs. p. f. avg. Rev.: VICTORIA. AVG. Victory in her right hand a crown, in her left a palm, her right foot on a sitting captive.

27. Victorinus, E. iij.

28.

E. iij.

Several types, barbaric and illegible.

IMP. C. VICTORINVS. p. f. avg. Reverse: OIC ... This coin, especially on the reverse, which bears a rude figure blowing a trumpet, is of the rudest fabric, and is probably of barbarian workBandini gives several examples of similarly inexplicable

manship.

legends.

29. Tetricus, Æ. iij. IMP. C. TETRICVS. P. F. AVG. Reverse PAX. AUG.

Peace, with olive branch and spear.
Several varieties, all rude.

30. Tetricus, E. iij.

31.

IMP. C. TETRICVS. P. F. AVG. Rev. FIDES. MILITVM.
Type as Valerian.

Several examples of this type, and others, illegible.

E. iij.

IMP. TETRICVS. P. F. AVG.

Type as No. 12.

Reverse: LAETITIA. AVG. N.

32. Tetricus, jun., Æ. iij. c. PE. TETRICVS. CAES.

The sacrificial instruments.
Æ. iij. PIVESV. TETRICVS. CAES.

33.

34.

Claudius II.

(Gothicus.))

E. iij.

IMP. C. CLAVDIVS. AVG.

E. iij.

Reverse: PIETAS. AVGG.

Reverse: obliterated.

Reverse: MARS. VLTOR.

Mars, nude, helmeted, with spear and shield. IMP. CLAVDIVS. AVG. Reverse: GENIVS. AVG. A nude figure, with the modius on his head, standing by an altar and holding a patera.

E. iij. IMP. C. CLAVDIVS. AVG. Reverse: ÆQVITAS. AVG. Equity, standing, with balance in her right and cornucopiæ in her left hand.

E. iij. IMP. C. CLAVDIVS. AVG. Reverse: FIDES. EXERC. A figure, standing, a standard erect in her right, another held transversely in her left hand.

E. iij. IMP. CLAVDIVS. AVG. Reverse: FELICITAS. AVG. A figure standing, a caduceus in her right, cornucopiæ in left hand.

E. iij. IMP. CLAVDIVS. AVG.

Reverse: FORTVNA. REDvx.

Type as No. 17.

Reverse: CONSECRATIO. A

Reverse: CONSECRATIO. An

42.

eagle displayed.

E. iij. A similar type, but the eagle holds a thunderbolt.

43. Aurelian, E. iij. IMP, AVRELIANVS. AVG. Reverse: DACIA. FELIX. A female

figure holding a staff surmounted by an ass's head.

44. Diocletian, Æ. ii. IMP. C. DIOCLETIANVS. P. F. AVG. POPVLI. ROMANI. Type resembling No. 35.

45. Galerius Maximianus, E. ii. MAXIMIANVS. NOBIL. C. bling preceding, on one side s., on the other F. i. e., Mint No. 1 of the Treviri (Treves.)

46. Carausius, Æ. iij. IMP. C. CARAVSIVS. p. F. avg. Type as No. 29, lance held transversely. Exergue: M. L. (Moneta Londinensis.)

47.

E. iij. A similar type, but the figure leans on the lance. No letters in exergue.

48. Carausius, Æ. iij. IMP. CARAVSIVS. P. AVG. Reverse: LAETITIA AVG. Type as No. 11.

49.

E. iij. Carausius [Valerian, Tacitus, or Florianus]. Reverse:
PROVID. AVG. A female figure, a small staff held transversely
in right hand, cornucopia in left. In the field: s. c. (See
Akerman.)

50. Allectus, Æ. iij.

IMP. C. ALLECTVS. P. F. AVG.

Reverse: PAX. AVG.

8. A. 8.

E. iij.

Reverse: VIRTVS AVG.

A

IMP. C. ALLECTVS. P. f. avg. ship, with the pilot at the stern and five rowers: it has mast and stays, but no sailyard. Ex.: : QC.

:

CONSTANTIVS. NOB. C. Reverse GENIO POPVLI ROMANI. Type resembling Nos. 35, 44, and 45.

52. Constantius I, Æ. ii. (Chlorus)

53.

-

E. ii. A similar type, but in the field B. T. Exergue: TR. 54. Theodora, E. iij. FL. MAX. THEODORA. Avg. Reverse: PIETAS. ROMANA. The Empress standing, an infant in her arms. Exergue: TR. P.

(Magnus)

56.

55. Constantine I. Æ. ii. FL. VAL. CONSTANTINVS. NOB. C. Reverse: resembling those of Diocletian, Maximian, and Constantius Chlorus. E. iij. CONSTANTINVS. MAX. AVG. Rev.: VICTORIAE LAETAE. PRINC. PERP. Two Victories holding a shield, on which is inscribed VOT. PR. over a cylindrical altar. Ex.: P. TR. E. iij. CONSTANTINVS. MAX. AVG. Reverse: two soldiers, with lances and shields, hold each a labarum. Exergue :

57.

TR. S.

E. iij. CONSTANTINVS. AVG. Reverse: SARMATIA. DEVICTA. Victory walking, a trophy in her right hand, and a palm branch in her left; with her left foot she tramples on a captive. Exergue: P. LON.

COMITI.

Æ. j. IMP. CONSTANTINVS. AVG. Reverse: SOLI. INVICTO.
The Sun as a male figure, his right hand extended,
his left holding a globe. In the field: a. s. Ex.: P. L. C.
E. iij. As preceding; a star to the right. Exergue: P. L. N.
E. iij. iMP. CONSTANTINVS. P. F. AVG. Reverse: as pre-
ceding. In the field: T. F. Exergue: P. L. C.
E. iij.

CONSTANTINVS. P. F. AVG. Reverse similar.
Exergue: P. TR.

E. iij. IMP. CONSTANTINVS. AVG. Bust of Constantine in
armour and crested helm, a spear on his right shoulder.
Reverse:
similar to No. 56, but the altar is square;

.....9

on its front, a cross on a laurel garland. Exergue: P. L. N. 64. Crispus, Æ. iij. IVL. CRISPVS. NOB. C. The Cæsar with laureated head, mailed, a dart in his right, a shield in his left hand. Reverse: BEATA. TRANQVILLITAS. A square altar: on its front is inscribed VOTIS. XX; above it, a globe and three stars. Exergue: s. TR.

[VOL. VII.]

65. Crispus, E. iij. CRISPVS. NOB. CAES. Reverse: VIRTVS. EXERCIT. Between two sitting captives a labarum, on which is voT. XX. Exergue: P. L. N. 66. Delmatius, Æ. iij. FL. DELMATIVS. NOB. C. Reverse: GLORIA. EXERCITVS. Two soldiers with spears and shields holding standards, between which is an olive branch. Exergue: P. CONST.

67. Constantinople, E. iij. The small coin struck on the occasion of the building of Constantinople; of these there was a great variety.

CONSTANTINOPOLIS. A youthful head helmed and laureated, mailed, and holding a sceptre. Reverse: no legend. A Victory, with right foot on the prow of a ship, armed with spear and shield. Exeryue: TR. P. Others with P. L. C. and a star, TR. S., &c.

68. The City of Rome, E. iij. A similar one for the ancient capital.
VRBS. ROMA. Head similar to the last.
Remus suckled by a wolf, above two stars.

as preceding. Both are exceedingly common.

Reverse: Romulus and Exergue: same varieties

69. Constantine II., E. iij. cONSTANTINVS. IVN. NOB. C. Reverse: GLORIA. EXERCITVS. Type as Delmatius, but without olive branch. Exergue: P. L. C.

70.

71.

72. Constans, Æ. iij.

E. iij. As preceding, but a labarum between the soldiers on which is the sacred monogram of Christ.

E. iij. CONSTANTINVS. IVN. N. c. Reverse: similar to that of Crispus, No. 64, but with a single star. Exergue: P. LON.

CONSTANS. P. F. AVG. Reverse: VICTORIÆ. D. D. AVGG. Two Victories, stepping, hold garlands, a palm branch in the left hand of each. In the field: D. Exergue: TR. P.

Q. NN.

Other varieties of this type from Caistor have in the field: P. R. Exergue: P. LC. A kind of plant between the Victories, and TR. s. in the Exergue. Or the letter c. in the field; and Exergue, s. ARL. (i. e. signata Arelate. Arles.) This type however is generally rare. 73. Constantius II., E. iij. CONSTANTIVS. P. F. AVG. Head of Constantius with a diadem of gems. Reverse: GLORIA. EXERCITVS. Type as No. 70, but on the labarum 1. Exergue: TR. P. and a star. Another has м. Exergue: idem. E. iij. CONSTANTIVS. P. F. AVG. Reverse: FEL. TEMP. REPARATIO. The Emperor in armour is striking an enemy from his horse with a spear; a shield is on his left arm and broken weapons at his feet. An exceedingly common type.

74.

75. Magnentius, Æ. ii.

D. N. MAGNENTIVS. P. F. AVG. Reverse: VICTORIAE. DD. NN. AVG. ET. CAES. Two Victories hold a garland, in which is voT. V. MVLT. X., with the sacred monogram above. Exergue: AMB. and a palm branch.