Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... late - colonial period , air - conditioned offices remain open until four or five in the afternoon . Stores in air ... late- night discotheques . For better or worse , lifestyles in Surabaya — at least in middle - class Surabaya - are ...
... late 1900s and the census year 1930 the death rate for the Indonesian popula- tion roughly halved , while that for Europeans fell by two - thirds ( Faber 1936 , 318 ) . This reflected the declining incidence of most of the main ...
... late - colonial period . The word cycle is crucial . It is not suggested that the New Order was a continuation of the late - colonial period , or any deliberate attempt to copy it . Some institutions , tech- nologies , and habits ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |