Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... household facilities revealed that in Surabaya 86 percent of households had their own kitchen- almost a definition of a household - 64 percent their own laundry area , 62 percent their own bathing place ( mandi ) , and 54 percent their ...
... household expenditure showed a clear nexus be- tween expenditure and education . Only 12 percent of heads of households in the bottom two quintiles had completed more than primary schooling , compared with 39 percent in the top quintile ...
... household in which they are employed , a clear pattern emerged for 1981 ( table 3.30 ) . In the poorest two ... household expenditure ; household servants excluded from workforce . Process workers , building workers , artisans , farmers ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |