Surabaya, City of Work: A Socioeconomic History, 1900-2000Ohio University Center for International Studies/Ohio University Press, 2002 - 541 halaman Surabaya is Indonesia's second largest city but is not well known to the outside world. Yet in 1900, Surabaya was a bigger city than Jakarta and one of the main commercial centers of Asia. Collapse of sugar exports during the 1930s depression, followed by the Japanese occupation, revolution, and independence, brought on a long period of stagnation and retreat from the international economy. Not until the export boom of the 1990s did Surabaya regain prominence as Southeast Asia's leading non-capital-city industrial area. |
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... colonial , post - Independence , and the New Order . The late - colonial period is dealt with at some length because that is when the foundations were laid for policies that would be followed after Independence . After 1949 the goals ...
... colonial state was belatedly taking on the form and role of a modern state , thereby outgrowing itself . Be- cause of self - imposed ethnic constraints , the late - colonial state could not buy off enough people to maintain control ...
... colonial period . The word cycle is crucial . It is not suggested that the New Order was a continuation of the late - colonial period , or any deliberate attempt to copy it . Some institutions , tech- nologies , and habits carried over ...
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Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions Cynthia Chou,Vincent Houben Pratinjau terbatas - 2006 |