the enumeration of persons not speaking the English language. The compensation of such interpreters shall be fixed by the Director of the Census in advance, and shall not exceed four dollars per day for each day actually and necessarily employed. SEC. 16. That the compensation of the enumerators shall be ascertained and fixed by the Director of the Census as follows: In subdivisions where he shall deem such allowance sufficient, an allowance of not less than two nor more than three cents for each living inhabitant and for each death reported; not less than fifteen nor more than twenty cents for each farm; and not less than twenty nor more than thirty cents for each establishment of productive industry enumerated and returned may be given in full compensation for all services. For all other subdivisions per diem rates shall be fixed by the Director of the Census according to the difficulty of enumeration, having reference to the nature of the region to be canvassed and the density or sparseness of settlement, or other considerations pertinent thereto; but the compensation allowed to any enumerator in any such district shall not be less than three dollars nor more than six dollars per day of ten hours' actual field work each. The subdivisions to which the several rates of compensation shall apply shall be designated by the Director of the Census at least two weeks in advance of the enumeration. No claim for mileage or traveling expenses shall be allowed any enumerator in either class of subdivisions, except in extreme cases, and then only when authority has been previously granted by the Director of the Census, and the decision of the Director as to the amount due any enumerator shall be final.

SEC. 17. That the special agents appointed under the provisions of this act shall have equal authority with the enumerators in respect to the subjects committed to them under this act, and shall receive compensation at rates to be fixed by the Director of the Census: Provided, That the same shall in no case exceed six dollars per day and actual necessary traveling expenses and an allowance in lieu of subsistence not exceeding three dollars per day during their necessary absence from their usual place of residence: And provided further, That no pay or allowance in lieu of subsistence shall be allowed special agents when employed in the Census Office on other than the special work committed to them, and no appointments of special agents shall be made for clerical work.

SEC. 18. That no supervisor, supervisor's clerk, enumerator, interpreter, or special agent shall enter upon his duties until he has taken and subscribed to an oath or affirmation, to be prescribed by the Director of the Census; and no supervisor, supervisor's clerk, enumerator, or special agent shall be accompanied by or assisted in the performance of his duties by any person not duly appointed as an officer or employee of the Census Office, and to whom an oath or affirmation has not been duly administered. All appointees and employees provided for in this act shall be appointed or employed, and if examined, so examined, as the case may be, solely with reference to their fitness to perform the duties herein provided to be by such employee or appointee performed, and without reference to their political party affiliations.

SEC. 19. That the enumeration of the population required by this act shall commence on the first day of June, nineteen hundred, and on the first day of June of the year in which each succeeding enumeration shall be made, and be taken as of that date. And it shall be the duty of each enumerator to complete the enumeration of his district and to prepare the returns herein before required to be made, and to forward the same to the supervisor of census of his district, on or before the first day of July in such year: Provided, That in any city having eight thousand inhabitants or more under the preceding census the enumeration of the population shall be taken and completed within two weeks from the first day of June as aforesaid.

SEC. 20. That if any person shall receive or secure to himself any fee, reward, or compensation as a consideration for the appointment or employment of any person as enumerator or clerk or other employee, or shall in any way receive or secure to himself any part of the compensation provided in this act for the services of any enumerator or clerk or other employee, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be fined not more than three thousand dollars, or be imprisoned not more than one year, or both, in the discretion of the court.

SEC. 21. That any supervisor, supervisor's clerk, enumerator, interpreter, special agent or other employee, who, having taken and subscribed the oath of office required by this act, shall, without justifiable cause, neglect or refuse to perform the duties enjoined on him by this act, or shall, without the authority of the Director of the Census, communicate to any person not authorized to receive the same any information gained by him in the performance of his duties, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined not exceeding five hundred dollars; or if he shall willfully and knowingly swear or affirm falsely, he shall be deemed guilty of perjury, and upon conviction thereof shall be imprisoned not exceeding

three years and be fined not exceeding eight hundred dollars; or if he shall willfully and knowingly make a false certificate or a fictitious return, he shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction of either of the last-named offenses he shall be fined not exceeding five thousand dollars and be imprisoned not exceeding two years. SEC. 22. That each and every person more than twenty years of age belonging to any family residing in any enumeration district or subdivision, and in case of the absence of the heads and other members of any such family, then any representative of such family, shall be, and each of them hereby is, required, if thereto requested by the Director, supervisor, or enumerator, to render a true account, to the best of his or her knowledge, of every person belonging to such family in the various particulars required, and whoever shall willfully fail or refuse to render such true account shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined in a sum not exceeding one hundred dollars. And every president, treasurer, secretary, director, agent, or other officer of every corporation, and every establishment of productive industry, whether conducted of a corporate body, limited liability company, or by private individuals, from which answers to any of the schedules, inquiries, or statistical interrogatories provided for by this act are herein required, who shall, if thereto requested by the Director, supervisor, enumerator, or special agent, willfully neglect or refuse to give true and complete answers to any inquiries authorized by this act, or shall willfully give false information, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not exceeding ten thousand dollars, to which may be added imprisonment for a period not exceeding one year. SEC. 23. That all fines and penalties imposed by this act may be enforced by indictment or information in any court of competent jurisdiction.

SEC. 24. That the Director of the Census may authorize the expenditure of necessary sums for the traveling expenses of the officers and employees of the Census Office and the incidental expenses essential to the carrying out of this act, as herein provided for, and not otherwise, including the rental of sufficient quarters in the District of Columbia and the furnishing thereof and the maintenance of the printing outfit in the Census Office.

SEC. 25. That the Director of the Census is hereby authorized to print and bind in the Census Office such blanks, circulars, envelopes, and other items as may be necessary; and to print, publish, and distribute from time to time bulletins and reports of the preliminary and other results of the various investigations required by this

act.

SEC. 26. That in case the Director of the Census deems it expedient he may contract for the use of electrical or mechanical devices for tabulating purposes: Provided, That in such case due notice shall be given to the public, and no system of tabulation shall be adopted until after a practical test of its merits in competition with other systems which may be offered.

SEC. 27. That all mail matter, of whatever class, relative to the census and addressed to the Census Office, the Director of the Census, Assistant Director, chief clerk, supervisors, enumerators, or special agents, and indorsed "Official business, Department of the Interior, Census Office," shall be transmitted free of postage, and by registered mail if necessary, and so marked: Provided, That if any person shall make use of such indorsement to avoid the payment of postage or registry fee on his or her private letter, package, or other matter in the mail, the person so offending shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and subject to a fine of three hundred dollars, to be prosecuted in any court of competent jurisdiction.

SEC. 28. That the Secretary of the Interior, on request of the Director of the Census, is hereby authorized to call upon any other department or office of the Government for information pertinent to the work herein provided for.

SEC. 29. That such records, books, and files as relate to preceding censuses, and the printing-office outfit used in the Eleventh Census, and such furniture and property of whatever nature used at the Eleventh Census as may be necessary in conducting the work of the Census Office and can be spared from present uses, shall be transferred to the custody and control of the Census Office created by this act. The said furniture and property shall be inventoried by the proper officers of the Department of the Interior when such transfer is made, and a copy of the inventory filed and preserved in the office of the Secretary of the Interior and of the Director of the Census.

SEC. 30. That upon the request of the governor of any state or territory, or the chief officer of any municipal government, the Director of the Census shall furnish such governor or municipal officer with a copy of so much of the population returns as will show the names, with the age, sex, color, or race, and birthplace only of all persons enumerated within the territory in the jurisdiction of such government, upon payment of the actual cost of making such copies; and the amounts so received shall

be covered into the Treasury of the United States, to be placed to the credit of, and in addition to, the appropriations made for taking the census.

SEC. 31. That the Director of the Census shall provide the Census Office with a seal containing such device as he may select, and he shall file a description of such seal with an impression thereof in the office of the Secretary of State. Such seal shall remain in the custody of the Director of the Census, and shall be affixed to all certificates and attestations that may be required from the Census Office.

SEC. 32. That for the organization and equipment of the Census Office to perform the preparatory work necessary to carry out the provisions of this act, the sum of one million dollars, to be available on the passage of this act, is hereby appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, and to continue available until exhausted. Of said appropriation such amount as may be considered by the Director of the Census to be necessary for immediate preliminary printing may be expended under the direction of the Public Printer. And the Secretary of the Interior shall submit to the Secretary of the Treasury, on or before October first, eighteen hundred and ninety-nine, further estimates for the work herein provided for. SEC. 33. That the act entitled "An act to provide for the taking of the Eleventh and subsequent censuses," approved March first, eighteen hundred and eighty-nine, and all laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the provisions of this act are hereby repealed.

Approved, March 3, 1899.

APPENDIX F.

REFERENCES TO THE UNITED STATES CENSUS IN PRESIDENTS' MESSAGES.

October 25, 1791.-President Washington, in his third annual address to Congress, reported "the completion of the census of the inhabitants, for which provision was made by law." (Messages and Papers of the Presidents, vol. 1, p. 106.)

March 3, 1792.-President Washington, in a special message to Congress, transmitted a copy of a return of the number of inhabitants of South Carolina, as made to him by the marshal of that district. (Idem, vol. 1, p. 116.)

April 5, 1792.-President Washington sent a message to the House of Representatives vetoing an act entitled "An act for an apportionment of Representatives among the several states according to the first enumeration." (Idem, vol. 1, p. 124.)

December 8, 1801.-President Jefferson, in his first annual message to Congress, laid before them "the results of the census lately taken of our inhabitants, to a conformity with which we are now to reduce the ensuing ratio of representation and taxation," and made allusion to the rapid increase of the population. (Idem, vol. 1, p. 327.)

December 23, 1801.-President Jefferson, in a special message to Congress, transmitted another return of the census of the state of Maryland, just received from the marshal of that state, "which he desires may be substituted as more correct than the one first returned by him." (Idem, vol. 1, p. 333.)

February 28, 1811.-President Madison, in a message to Congress, recommended its attention to a report of the Secretary of State relating to deficiencies in the returns of the census. (Idem, vol. 10, p. 39.)

March 13, 1811.-President Madison, in a message to Congress, forwarded to it the result of the census lately taken of the inhabitants of the United States, with a letter from the Secretary of State relating thereto. (Idem, vol. 10, p. 40.)

December 6, 1825.-President J. Q. Adams, in his first annual message to Congress, called attention to the results of the fourth census, and to the progress of the nation as shown thereby. (Idem, vol. 2, p. 314.)

December 2, 1828.-President J. Q. Adams, in his fourth annual message to Congress, called attention to their duty to make provision for taking the fifth census, and made suggestions, in connection therewith, that the enumeration of the population be commenced earlier in the year than the 1st of August; that more detailed data concerning the ages of the people be collected than in prior censuses; and that the imperfections in preceding census enumerations were largely due to the inadequateness of the compensation allowed to marshals and their assistants in taking them. (Idem, vol. 2, p. 420.)

December 8, 1829.-President Jackson, in his first annual message to Congress, called attention to the necessity of early provision for taking the census, in order to complete the work within a convenient time. (Idem, vol. 2, p. 461.)

December 15, 1830.—President Jackson, in a special message to Congress, reported that several marshals had been unable to complete the enumeration of inhabitants within the time prescribed by law, and suggested legislation allowing further time for making returns. (Idem, vol. 2, p. 530.)

December 7, 1831.-President Jackson, in a special message to Congress, transmitted two letters from the Secretary of State accompanied by statements showing the progress made in the work of the fifth census, and by a printed copy of the revision of the statements theretofore transmitted of all former enumerations of the population of the United States and their territories. (Idem, vol. 2, p. 559.)

December 3, 1838.—President Van Buren, in his second annual message to Congress, recommended the adoption of the necessary provisions for taking the sixth census, and suggested "whether the scope of the measure might not be usefully extended by causing it to embrace authentic statistical returns of the great interests

specially intrusted to or necessarily affected by the legislation of Congress." (Idem, vol. 3, p. 497.)

February 28, 1839.-President Van Buren, in a special message to Congress, transmitted a communication from the Secretary of War "respecting the importance of requiring the officers who may be employed to take the next general census to make a return of the names and ages of pensioners." (Idem, vol. 3, p. 527.)

December 24, 1839.-President Van Buren, in a special message to Congress, transmitted "a report from the Secretary of State on the subject of the law providing for taking the sixth census of the United States." (Idem, vol. 3, p. 558.)

June 1, 1841.--President Tyler, in a special-session message to Congress, referred to the increase of population as shown by the sixth census. (Idem, vol. 4, p. 41.) December 7, 1841.-President Tyler, in his first annual message to Congress, stated that the Secretary of State would report to Congress the progress of the work of the sixth census, and reported the population of the United States, as shown thereby. (Idem, vol. 4, p. 81.)

December 25, 1842.-President Tyler, in a special message to the House of Representatives, announced his approval of "An act for an apportionment of Representatives among the several states according to the sixth census," with an exposition of his reasons for such approval. (Idem, vol. 4, p. 159.)

December 4, 1849.-President Taylor, in his first annual message to Congress, stated that the census board had completed its duties in preparing forms and schedules for the seventh census, and that "it now rests with Congress to enact a law" for taking said census. (Idem, vol. 5, p. 22.)

December 2, 1850.-President Fillmore, in his first annual message to Congress, reported the appointment of a superintendent of census, and the adoption of other measures for taking the seventh census, and suggested the propriety of making early legal provision for the publication of abstracts of the census returns. (Idem, vol. 5, p. 86.)

December 2, 1851.-President Fillmore, in his second annual message to Congress, stated that the Superintendent of Census is diligently employed in classifying and tabulating the data of the seventh census, and expressed the earnest hope "that Congress will lose no time in making the appropriations necessary to complete the classifications and to publish the results in a style worthy of the results and of our national character." (Idem, vol. 5, pp. 129-130.)

December 6, 1852.-President Fillmore, in his third annual message to Congress, reported that the larger portion of the work of the seventh census had been finished, and that the apportionment of Representatives had been made by the Secretary of the Interior, and suggested that it devolved upon Congress to provide for the publication of the results of the census. (Idem, vol. 5, p. 172.)

December 5, 1853.-President Pierce, in his first annual message to Congress, referred to the successive decennial censuses, and discussed the probabilities as to the future growth of population. (Idem, vol. 5, pp. 223–224.)

January 21, 1859.-President Buchanan, in special messages to the Senate and to the House of Representatives, transmitted "a digest of the statistics of manufactures, according to the returns of the seventh census.” (Idem, vol. 5, pp. 535–536.)

December 3, 1861.-President Lincoln, in his first annual message to Congress, alluded to the increase of population as shown by the last (eighth) census, and preceding censuses, and made prediction as to the probable future growth of population. (Idem, vol. 6, p. 58.)

December 1, 1862.-President Lincoln, in his second annual message to Congress, made use of census statistics in support of his proposition to make compensation for emancipated slaves. (Idem, vol. 6, pp. 138-139.)

December 6, 1869.-President Grant, in his first annual message to Congress, suggested the necessity of early Congressional action in order to make the ninth census more complete and perfect than previous censuses. (Idem, vol. 7, p. 42.)

December 5, 1870.-President Grant, in his second annual message to Congress, reported progress in the work of the ninth census. (Idem, vol. 7, p. 112.)

December 4, 1871.-President Grant, in his third annual message, stated that the report of the Secretary of the Interior, submitted therewith, would give "all the information collected and prepared for publication in regard to the census taken during the year 1870." (Idem, vol. 7, p. 152.)

December 2, 1872.-President Grant, in his fourth annual message to Congress, reported the near completion of the work of the ninth census, and submitted recommendation that a national census be taken in 1875, giving reasons therefor. (Idem, vol. 7, p. 202.)

December 1, 1873.-President Grant, in his fifth annual message to Congress, reported the completion of the work of the ninth census, and renewed recommenda