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To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, December 24th, 1781.....74
Mr. Jay receives promises of supplies. The Count de Florida Blanca also
promises to interfere with Portugal in favor of the United States. Probable
consequences of the death of the Empress. Proceedings of England.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, February 18th, 1782......77
Difficulty of meeting the drafts. Financial embarrassments of the Spanish
Court. Capitulation of Mahon. Imperial mediation. Reply of Lord Stor-
mont to the proposal.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, February 27th, 1782......81
Mr. Jay is unable to obtain supplies. No progress made toward negociations.
The King of England is said to be determined to push the war in America.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, April 14th, 1782..........83
Mr. Jay obliged to protest bills. Conduct of the Spanish Minister on this
occasion. The Spanish Court delays negociation from policy. Colonial
disturbances. Reforms of the Emperor.
Robert R. Livingston to William Carmichael.
1st, 1782....
Philadelphia, May
Desires a continuance of his correspondence. Affair of Captain Huddy.
To Robert R. Livingston, Madrid, June 12th, 1782..
...87
....88
The Spanish Ministers show no inclination to treat. Jealousy of the House
of Bourbon among the European Powers. Financial difficulties of Spain.
Siege of Gibraltar.
Robert R. Livingston to William Carmichael. Philadelphia, July
6th, 1782....
..90
Complains of want of information. Payment of salaries.
To Robert R. Livingston. St. Ildefonso, July 8th, 1782......92
Interview with the Count de Florida Blanca. Conversation with M. Del
Campo. New offer of mediation from the Imperial Courts.
To Robert R. Livingston. St. Ildefonso, July 22d, 1782......94
Count de Florida Blanca's answer to the proposed mediation The neutral
Powers desire a Congress.
To Robert R. Livingston. St. Ildefonso, September 8th, 1782..96
Interview with the Count de Florida Blanca.
Robert R. Livingston to William Carmichael, Philadelphia, Sep-
tember 12th, 1782.... ...98
State of Affairs in America.
To Robert R. Livingston. St. Ildefonso, September 29th, 1782, 99
Failure of the attack on Gibraltar. Financial embarrassments of Spain. State
of the negociations at Paris. The preparations for war continue.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, October 29th, 1782......102
The progress of the negociations will be impeded by Spain.
Count de Florida Blanca to William Carmichael. St. Lorenzo,
October 14th, 1782.... ...104
The English frigate carried into Cadiz by American seamen is ordered to be
sold, and the proceeds to be deposited to the credit of Congress.
Robert R. Livingston to William Carmichael. Philadelphia, Novem-
ber 28th, 1782...
....105
"America will make no peace inconsistent with her engagements to her allies.
State of the military forces in America.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, December 10th, 1782....106
Terms of the treaty between Great Britain and the United States.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, December 30th, 1782....108
Dissatisfaction of Spain with the conclusion of the treaty. Letter from M. de
la Fayette. Financial operations in Spain. Receives the ceremonial visits
of the Corps Diplomatique. Intends to leave Spain, if the Court does not
change its conduct. Divisions in Holland.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, January 18th, 1783......111
Interruptions of the communication with America. Endeavors to induce the
Ministry to receive him formally. M. Gardoqui will soon be despatched on
a mission. The Ministry desires peace.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, February 21st, 1783.....114
Is formally received as Chargé d'Affaires of the United States, through the
influence of M. de la Fayette.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, March 13th, 1783.......117
Dines with the Count de Florida Blanca. Supposed motives of the offer of
mediation by the Imperial Courts. Reported confederacy of Russia, Austria,
and Prussia for the partition of Turkey. State of affairs in England.
Friendly propositions from other Powers. The army and navy commis-
saries have agreed to obtain supplies from America. Proposes M. José
Llanos as Minister to the United States. Recommends the nomination of
distinguished Spaniards as members of American Societies.
Robert R. Livingston to William Carmichael. Philadelphia, May
7th, 1783....
...122
The past conduct of Spain has not been such as to conciliate America. She
ought not to exclude America from the privileges allowed to Great Britain.
Operations of the provisional treaty.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, July 19th, 1783.........124
Receives assurances of the favorable disposition of the King. The Spanish-
Americans treat him as their countrymen. Plans of Austria and Russia.
Mr. Fox raises difficulties to the conclusion of the definitive treaty. Points
in the treaty with Spain. Spanish expedition against Algiers.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, July 22d, 1783.........130
Dispersion of the armament against Algiers by stress of weather. Slow
progress of the negociations at Paris.
The Saxon Minister in Spain to William Carmichael. Madrid, July 28th, 1783....
Establishment of commercial relations with America.
.131
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, July 29th, 1783.........132
Proceedings relative to the formation of commercial connexions between
Saxony and the United States. Treaty between France, Spain, and
Portugal.
To Robert R. Livingston. Madrid, August 2d, 1783........133
M. Thieriot appointed Saxon Commissary-General of Commerce in America.
To Robert R. Livingston. St. Ildefonso, August 30th, 1783..134
Interview with the Count de Florida Blanca. Objections of that Minister to
his presentation. Second interview on the same subject. The King consents
to fix a day for his presentation. The presentation.
CORRESPONDENCE OF JOHN LAURENS.
Instructions to John Laurens. In Congress, December 23d,
1780....
...145
Additional instructions to John Laurens. In Congress, December
27th, 1780......
To the President of Congress.
Method of obtaining supplies.
Delay of his departure.
...147
Philadelphia, January 3d, 1781, 147
Boston, February 4th, 1781...148
Boston, February 7th, 1781...150
Preparations for sailing completed.
To the President of Congress. L'Orient, March 11th, 1781...150
Remains at L'Orient in expectation of an interview with the Marquis de Cas-
tries. Naval preparations at Brest.
To the President of Congress. Passy, March 20th, 1781.....151
Conversation with the Marquis de Castries. Answer of the Count de Ver-
gennes to the application of Congress for aid, granting six millions. Urges
the necessity of further aid. Naval forces of the belligerents at sea.
Memorial to the Count de Vergennes.....
...154
On the necessity of further aid in money, and of a naval superiority of the
allies. Answer to the objections made to the raising of a loan in France by
the United States.
Questions proposed to Colonel Laurens, with his answers to them.
Paris, March 29th, 1781..... .....158
Advantages of augmenting the army. Causes of the weakness of the southern
army.
To the President of Congress. Versailles, April 9th, 1781....160
France consents to guaranty a loan of ten millions to be opened in Holland.
Solicitations for supplies.
Memorial from Colonel John Laurens to Count de Vergennes..162
Represents the grant already made to be insufficient, and requests supplies in
arms, &c., on credit. Desires the amount of the loan proposed to be raised
in Holland may be advanced by France. Urges the necessity of maintaining
a naval superiority in the American seas.
To the President of Congress. Paris, April 24th, 1781.......164
Remittance of the aid in specie. Reasons for engaging the South Carolina
ship, the Indian, for the conveyance. Nature of supplies in arms, ammu-
nition, &c.
Memorial from John Laurens to the Director General of Finance, 167
Urging the increase of the intended remittance of specie.
To the President of Congress. Paris, May 15th, 1781.......168
Failure of the plan of obtaining remittances from Vera Cruz. Refusal of
Holland to countenance the proposed loan in that country. Promises of
additional succors from France.
Count de Vergennes to John Laurens.
1781....
Versailles, May 16th,
.170
Disposition of the six millions granted by France. Additional grant of four
millions. The proposed loan of ten millions shall be advanced by France.
Military and naval operations.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, September 2d,
1781.....
171
General account of his proceedings on his late mission to France, as contained
in the preceding letters.
To the President of Congress. Philadelphia, September 6th,
1781 .....
Confinement of Henry Laurens in the Tower.
.180
CORRESPONDENCE OF C. W. F. DUMAS.
B. Franklin to M. Dumas. Philadelphia, December 19th, 1775, 187
Acknowledges the reception of certain works of M. Dumas. Requests him to
sound the Ministers to discover if America can expect countenance from any
of the European Powers in declaring independence. State of the country.
Desires that skilful engineers may be sent out.
B. Franklin to C. W. F. Dumas.
1776 .....
Introducing Mr. Deane.
Philadelphia, March 22d,
...190
To B. Franklin, Chairman of the Committee of Secret Correspond-
ence. Utrecht, April 30th, 1776......
....191
Conversation with the French Minister relative to rendering assistance to the
Colonies. Writings of M. Dumas. Receives a letter without signature,
desiring a meeting at the Hague.
To the Committee of Secret Correspondence. Utrecht, May 14th,
1776.....
...196
Interview with the writer of the letter from the Hague. Letter from Mr. A. Lee recommending Hortalez.
To the Committee of Secret Correspondence. August 10th,
1776...... ....198
Extract of a letter from Mr. Lee, recommending Hortalez to his confidence.
Correspondence with the person with whom he had the interview at the
Hague. Interview with the same person, and with the Spanish Ambassa-
dor. Mr. Ellis requests him to write to America that there is a strong
American party in England.
Arthur Lee to C. W. F. Dumas.
London, July 6th, 1776....202
Introducing Mr. Ellis. State of affairs in America.
Silas Deane to C. W. F. Dumas. Paris, July 26th, 1776.....203
Desires to correspond with him. Wishes to know if there would be any per-
sonal risk in visiting Holland.
Arthur Lee to C. W. F. Dumas. London, August 13th, 1776, 204
The Colonial expenses of Great Britain were undertaken for her own benefit.
Scotch hostile to America.
The American Colonies do
Silas Deane to C. W. F. Dumas. Paris, August 18th, 1776...205
Intends visiting Holland in a private character.
not desire aid nor alliances, but only free commerce.
William Lee to C. W. F. Dumas. London, September 10th,
1776......
....206
The declaration of independence changes the character of the contest between
Great Britain and America. England uses every means to prevent the inter-
ference of France.
Silas Deane to C. W. F. Dumas. Paris, September 11th, 1776, 207
If free commerce were allowed America, the Colonies would need no assistance.
The English Ambassador is acquainted with Mr. Deane's official character.
Arthur Lee to C. W. F. Dumas. London, September 23d,
1776..... ....209
Sentiments of the English nation. Character of the English Ministry.
To the Committee of Secret Correspondence. September 30th,
....211
Communicates his letters from America in a certain quarter. Reasons for
signing an assumed name.
Acknowledging the receipt of letters.
Philadelphia, October 1st,
213
Silas Deane to C. W. F. Dumas. Paris, October 3d, 1776....213
Obtains an opportunity of sounding the sentiments of the Prussian Cabinet.
Silas Deane to C. W. F. Dumas. Paris, October 6th, 1776...213
Disposition of the American people in regard to an accommodation. American
commerce.
Silas Deane to C. W. F. Dumas.
Introducing Mr. Carmichael.
Silas Deane to C. W. F. Duinas.
Paris, October 9th, 1776...215
Paris, October 13th, 1776..216
Treatment of an American citizen in Holland.
William Carmichael to C. W. F. Dumas. Amsterdam, October 22d,
Informing him of his intended visit.
..217
Committee of Secret Correspondence to C. W. F. Dumas. Phila-
delphia, October 24th, 1776.....
...217
Dr. Franklin appointed Commissioner to the French Court. Committee of
Secret Correspondence.
William Carmichael to C. W. F. Dumas. Amsterdam, October 27th,
1776........
Requesting certain papers.
.218
London, November 15th,
....219
Disposition of the British Court. The Rockingham party proposes to secede
from Parliament. Cause of the advantage gained by the English on Long
Island.
Silas Deane to C. W. F. Dumas. Without date....
Difficulties of his situation. Prospect of ultimate success.
220
Silas Deane to C. W. F. Dumas. Paris, December 13th, 1776, 222
Arrival of Dr. Franklin in France.
William Carmichael to C. W. F. Dumas. Havre, January 21st,
1777.....
223
Return from a tour in Germany. Impolicy of the present measures of France.
Arthur Lee to C. W. F. Dumas. Paris, January 26th, 1777...223
Want of intelligence from America.
merce with America.
Interest of Holland to secure the com-