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1964 time observance in 220 important cities in the United States-Continued

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1. The times indicated in the column "Federal time" are all a.m. equivalent to 12 noon Greenwich mean time. 2. The cities marked by asterisks (*) are capital cities.

3. Even though El Paso, Tex., and Dickinson, N. Dak., are located in the central standard time zone, they both observe mountain standard time.

4. The District of Columbia in a Federal district, the local law which authorizes the District Commissioners to establish daylight saving for the District is also a Federal law, enacted by Congress and approved by the President.

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I. EXTENT OF OBSERVANCE IN 1964 OF DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME IN THE UNITED STATES

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II. EXTENT OF UNIFORMITY IN DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME SWITCHOVER DATES-1964

A. Switch from standard to daylight saving time

1. Of the 15 States observing daylight saving time on a statewide basis, all 15 States switched to DST on the last Sunday in April.

1 These data have been derived from 1964 reports received from State officials and other

sources.

2. Of the 16 States observing daylight saving time on a nonstatewide basis, all except the following 11 States switched to daylight saving time the last Sunday in April:

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1. Of the 15 States observing daylight saving time on a statewide basis, all except West Virginia and Wisconsin will return to standard time on the last Sunday in October. West Virginia and Wisconsin will switch instead on the last Sunday of September.

2. Of the 16 States observing daylight saving time on a nonstatewide basis, 5 of them (Colorado, Minnesota, Montana, New Mexico, and South Dakota) will return to standard time in September. All of these States except Minnesota, however, observe daylight saving time in very limited areas.

Nine other States (Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia) will return to standard time on varying dates ranging from August to October with some Indiana communities even observing daylight saving time on a year-round basis.

Only in Maryland and Oregon will standard time be resumed on the last Sunday of October.

C. States observing both the April–October switchboard dates2

1. Fifteen of the thirty-two States observe the switchover dates of the last Sundays in April and October, as follows:

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Mr. LONG. Mr. Van Deerlin, do you have any question of Mr. Ramspeck?

Mr. VAN DEERLIN. No questions.

Mr. LONG. Mr. Glenn?

Mr. GLENN. I have no questions, Mr. Chairman, but as an exMember of Congress we appreciate your coming here and giving us the benefit of your knowledge and experience in this great field. Mr. RAMSPECK. Thank you.

Mr. LONG. Mr. Curtin?

Mr. CURTIN. No questions.

Mr. LONG. Thank you very kindly, Mr. Ramspeck. Your statement was very comprehensive.

Mr. RAMSPECK. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. LONG. Mr. P. M. Roeper, vice president, transportation and maintenance, Pennsylvania Railroad, appearing for the Association of American Railroads. Come around, Mr. Roeper, if you would, please. Proceed in your own way.

2 The District of Columbia also observes daylight saving time from the last Sunday in April to the last Sunday in October.

STATEMENT OF P. M. ROEPER, VICE PRESIDENT, TRANSPORTATION AND MAINTENANCE, PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD, APPEARING FOR THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN RAILROADS, WASHINGTON, D.C.

Mr. ROEPER. First, I want to thank you for taking me ahead of your scheduled witness and also thank Mr. Redding for offering me this time.

Mr. Chairman, I am Park M. Roeper, vice president, transportation and maintenance, of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. at Philadelphia, Pa., appearing as a witness for the Association of American Railroads in support of a uniform time within standard time zones. I have been employed by the Pennsylvania Railroad for 36 years, 22 of which have been spent as a transportation officer, serving in various capacities as superintendent, general manager, and now as vice president of transportation and maintenance.

In my present position I am responsible for passenger and freight train operations and the development and recommendation of company policies which will provide transportation that is economical and will meet the requirements of the public and our patrons. I am appearing in behalf of the Association of American Railroads (representing 95 percent of the Nation's rail mileage), through action taken by its board of directors which has resolved the position of the railroad industry in favor of uniformity of time within standard time zones. This position is taken after gaining full cognizance of the confusion, inconvenience, and unwarranted expense brought about by the lack of uniformity in the observance of time and the effect of the Standard Time Act of 1918.

I have prepared and given the clerk a statement of my testimony in support of the industry's position and ask that it be made a part of this record, and rather than go into the detail I will just summarize my testimony.

Mr. LONG. I think that is wise, Mr. Roeper, and without objection your statement with the exhibits attached to it and made a part of it will be made a part of the record.

Mr. ROEPER. Thank you. I direct your particular attention to page 3, which is a reproduction of pages 16 and 17 of the "Official Guide of the Railways," listing cities and towns observing daylight saving time. These pages clearly serve as evidence of the lack of uniformity in the observance of time by communities, and it also shows the sketchy information that is available to the railroad clerk in the conduct of his business as to what time certain towns or cities are on because the information on those two pages is very general.

Examples also following the testimony illustrate the confusion and inconvenience experienced by the public as a result of daylight saving time and by the railroads who are required by law to operate on a standard-time basis. Following those examples in my testimony I then develop the cost of revising and issuing new schedules and employee working timetables as well as instructions, that cost around $2 million or more a year. This expense could be avoided if everyone within a time zone would be required to observe the same time whether it be standard or daylight and if the change from one to the other were made simultaneously in all zones.

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